برأ

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See also: برا

Arabic

Etymology

It is grouped at the root ب ر ء (b-r-ʔ), but borrowed from Classical Syriac ܒܪܳܐ (braʾ, to create). In Syriac the same root is more widespread, whereas in Arabic it is exotic – the verb appears in the Qurʾān in its finite form only in 57:22, and three times in the active participle form.

Pronunciation

Verb

بَرَأَ (baraʔa) I (non-past يَبْرَأُ (yabraʔu), verbal noun بَرْء (barʔ))

  1. to create, to bring into being
    Synonyms: خَلَقَ (ḵalaqa), فَطَرَ (faṭara), أَوْجَدَ (ʔawjada)
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 57:22:
      مَا أَصَابَ مِن مُّصِيبَةٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَا فِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ إِلَّا فِي كِتَابٍ مِّن قَبْلِ أَن نَّبْرَأَهَا
      mā ʔaṣāba min muṣībatin fī l-ʔarḍi walā fī ʔanfusikum ʔillā fī kitābin min qabli ʔan nabraʔahā
      No disaster strikes upon the earth or among yourselves except that it is in a register before we bring it into being.

Conjugation

Verb

بَرَّأَ (barraʔa) II (non-past يُبَرِّئُ (yubarriʔu), verbal noun تَبْرِيء (tabrīʔ) or تَبْرِئَة (tabriʔa))

  1. to absolve, pardon, exonerate
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 33:69:
      يَا أَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَكُونُوا كَٱلَّذِينَ آذَوْا مُوسَى فَبَرَّأَهُ ٱللَّهُ مِمَّا قَالُوا
      yā ʔayyuhā llaḏīna ʔāmanū lā takūnū kallaḏīna ʔāḏaw mūsā fabarraʔahu l-lahu mimmā qālū
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Conjugation

References

  • Ahrens, Karl (1930) “Christliches im Qoran. Eine Nachlese”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (in German), volume 84, page 20
  • Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 75–76
  • Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 49
  • Schwally, Friedrich (1899) “Lexikalische Studien. (Fortsetzung.)”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (in German), volume 53, page 201