بيلسان

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Arabic

رَاتِينَج بلَسَان (Commiphora guidottii)
ثَمْر بَيلَسَان (Sambucus nigra)

Alternative forms

Etymology

The form بَشَام (bašām) belongs to the root ب ش م (b-š-m) with meanings related to indigestion, nausea, disgust. Via the idea of luxury, abundance, and indulgence; to overeat, over-indulge, to be surfeit, this compares to the contronymic significance of the root associated with Arabic طَلْح (ṭalḥ, “Vachellia”).

Compare Hebrew בְּשָׂם (bəśām), בָּשָׂם (bāśām), בֶּשֶׂם (beśem, “sweet spice or smell”), בֹּשֶׂם (bṓśem, “scent”), Classical Syriac ܒܣܡܐ (besāmā, “sweetness”), ܒܘܣܡܐ (bussemā, “delight, abundance”), ܒܣܡܐ (besmā, “scent”), other Aramaic בֻּשְׂםָא (buśmā) / בֻּסְםָא (busmā, “sweet spice or smell”), related to a profuse root ב־ס־מ / ܒ-ܣ-ܡ (b-s-m) forming meanings concerning sweetness, joy, pleasure, and also feasting.

Such meanings root in a plant name, Proto-Iranian *hampr̥sā (“juniper”), possibly borrowed early into Arabic بَشَام (bašām) from Hebrew בָּשָׂם (bāśām), while all other forms of this Arabic plant name are from Ancient Greek βάλσαμον (bálsamon).

Noun

بَيْلَسَان • (baylasān) m

  1. Commiphora gen. et spp., syns. Balsamodendron, Balsamea
  2. Impatiens gen. et spp.
  3. Sambucus nigra (black elder, tree and fruit)
  4. Myroxylon, especially Myroxylon balsamum

Declension

Declension of noun بَيْلَسَان (baylasān)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal بَيْلَسَان
baylasān 		الْبَيْلَسَان
al-baylasān 		بَيْلَسَان
baylasān
Nominative بَيْلَسَانٌ
baylasānun 		الْبَيْلَسَانُ
al-baylasānu 		بَيْلَسَانُ
baylasānu
Accusative بَيْلَسَانًا
baylasānan 		الْبَيْلَسَانَ
al-baylasāna 		بَيْلَسَانَ
baylasāna
Genitive بَيْلَسَانٍ
baylasānin 		الْبَيْلَسَانِ
al-baylasāni 		بَيْلَسَانِ
baylasāni

Descendants

References

  • “bsm”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • “bsm”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • Freytag, Georg (1830) “بشام”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 126
  • Freytag, Georg (1830) “بيلسان”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 152
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) “بشام”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 209
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) “بيلسان”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 248
  • Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 97
  • Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “بيلسان”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎ (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 108
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