تخم

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See also: تحم

Arabic

Etymology 1

From a corruption of the verb اِتَّخَمَ (ittaḵama) or from a resegmentation of تُخْمَة (tuḵma, indigestion) from the root و خ م (w-ḵ-m).

Verb

تَخِمَ (taḵima) I, non-past يَتْخَمُ‎ (yatḵamu)

  1. to suffer indigestion, to be troubled with glut
Conjugation

Noun

تَخَم (taḵamm

  1. verbal noun of تَخِمَ (taḵima) (form I)
Declension

Etymology 2

Noun

تُخَم (tuḵampl

  1. plural of تُخْمَة (tuḵma)

Etymology 3

From Aramaic תְּחוּמָא (təḥūmā, border, limit).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

تُخْم or تَخْم (tuḵm or taḵmm (plural تُخُوم (tuḵūm) or تُخُم (tuḵum))

  1. frontier, border, limit, boundary
    • 7th century CE, Sunan Abī Dāwud, 20:106:
      جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَبِ مَا بَيْنَ الْوَادِي إِلَى أَقْصَى الْيَمَنِ إِلَى تُخُومِ الْعِرَاقِ إِلَى الْبَحْرِ‏.‏
      jazīratu l-ʕarabi mā bayna l-wādī ʔilā ʔaqṣā l-yamani ʔilā tuḵūmi l-ʕirāqi ʔilā l-baḥri.
      The island of Arabia lies between Al-Wadi to the extremes of the Yemen extending to the frontiers of Al Iraq and the sea.
Declension

Etymology 4

Denominal verb of تُخْم (tuḵm) or from Aramaic תָּחַם (tāḥam), תְּחַם (təḥam, to delimit), which is denominal from תְּחוּם (təḥūm, border, limit).

Verb

تَخَمَ (taḵama) I, non-past يَتْخِمُ‎ (yatḵimu)

  1. to delimit
Conjugation

References

  • tḥwm”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • tḥm”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 282
  • Freytag, Georg (1830), “تخم”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 187
  • Lane, Edward William (1863), “تخم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 299
  • Wehr, Hans; Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985), “تخم”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 137

Persian

Persian Wikipedia has an article on:
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Etymology

From Parthian (twxm /⁠tōxm⁠/, seed, line, race), from Proto-Iranian *táwxma (compare Avestan 𐬙𐬀𐬊𐬑𐬨𐬀𐬥- (taoxman-, seed), from Proto-Indo-European *tewk- (germ, seed, sprout, offspring). Compare Old Armenian տոհմ (tohm), an Iranian borrowing.

Pronunciation

Readings
Classical reading? tuxm
Dari reading? tuxm
Iranian reading? toxm
Tajik reading? tuxm

Noun

Dari تخم
Iranian Persian
Tajik тухм

تخم (toxm)

  1. seed, grain
  2. sperm, semen
  3. ovum, egg
  4. (informal, figurative after “egg”) testicle
  5. (figurative) origin

Derived terms

Descendants

Urdu

Etymology

From Classical Persian تخم (tuxm, seed; semen; origin).

Pronunciation

Noun

تُخْم (tuxmm (Hindi spelling तुख़्म)

  1. seed
  2. sperm, semen
  3. egg
  4. progeny; lineage, descent
  5. (figurative) origin

Derived terms

References

  • تخم”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971), “تخم”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
  • Platts, John T. (1884), “تخم”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
  • تخم”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.