ثانية

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Arabic

Etymology

From the root ث ن ي (ṯ-n-y); compare ثَنَى (ṯanā, to double, to fold, to bend), اِثْنَان (iṯnān, two).

The terms دَقِيقة (daqīqa, minute) and ثانِية (ṯāniya, second) are literally equivalent to Medieval Latin minūta and secunda, which is obviously not coincidental. The exact history of these terms is complicated, but the Arabo-Islamic influence is usually considered greater. Al-Biruni is credited with first having used the measures in the modern sense based on the Ancient Greek division of the circle.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /θaː.ni.ja/
  • (file)
    • (Kuwaiti) IPA(key): /ˈθɑːnjə/

Noun

ثَانِيَة (ṯāniyaf (plural ثَوَانٍ (ṯawānin))

  1. second (unit of time)
    • a. 905, Al-Yaʿqūbiyy, edited by Abd al-Amīr Muhannā, Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī, 1st edition, volume 1, Beirut, Lebanon: شركة الأعلمي للمطبوعات, published 2010, pages 180–181:
      إِنَّ مَسِيرَ الشَّمْسِ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ يَكُونُ تِسْعًا وَخَمْسِينَ دَقِيقَةً، وَمَسِيرُ أَوْجِ الْقَمَرِ سَبْعُ دَقَائِقَ، وَمَسِيرُ رَأْسِ التِّنِّينِ، وَهُوَ الْجَوْزَهَرُ، ثَلَاثُ دَقَائِقَ، وَمَسِيرُ زُحَلَ دَقِيقَتَانِ، وَمَسِيرُ الْمُشْتَرِي خَمْسُ دَقَائِقَ، وَمَسِيرُ الْمِرِّيخِ إِحْدَى وَثَلَاثُونَ دَقِيقَةً، وَمَسِيرُ الزُّهَرَةِ دَرَجَةٌ وَسِتٌّ وَثَلَاثُونَ دَقِيقَةً، وَمَسِيرُ عُطَارِدٍ أَرْبَعُ دَرَجٍ وَخَمْسُ دَقَائِقَ، وَمَسِيرُ قَلْبِ الْأَسَدِ سِتُّ ثَوانٍ.
      ʔinna masīra š-šamsi fī kulli yawmin yakūnu tisʕan waḵamsīna daqīqatan, wamasīru ʔawji l-qamari sabʕu daqāʔiqa, wamasīru raʔsi t-tinnīni, wahuwa l-jawzaharu, ṯalāṯu daqāʔiqa, wamasīru zuḥala daqīqatāni, wamasīru l-muštarī ḵamsu daqāʔiqa, wamasīru l-mirrīḵi ʔiḥdā waṯalāṯūna daqīqatan, wamasīru z-zuharati darajatun wasittun waṯalāṯūna daqīqatan, wamasīru ʕuṭāridin ʔarbaʕu darajin waḵamsu daqāʔiqa, wamasīru qalbi l-ʔasadi sittu ṯawānin.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

Descendants

Adjective

ثَانِيَة (ṯāniyaf

  1. feminine singular of ثَانٍ (ṯānin)

Descendants

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ث ن ي
4 terms

Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Arabic ثَانِيَة (ṯāniya).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /θaːn.ja/, /saːn.ja/

Noun

ثانية (ṯānyaf (plural ثواني (ṯawāni))

  1. second (unit of time)

Etymology 2

from Arabic ثَانِيَة (ṯāniya).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /θaːn.ja/, /taːn.ja/

Adjective

ثانية (tānya)

  1. feminine singular of ثاني (tāni)

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ث ن ي
1 term

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Arabic ثَانِيَة (ṯāniya). Doublet of تانية (tānye).

Pronunciation

Noun

ثانية (ṯānyef (plural ثواني (ṯawāni))

  1. second (unit of time)

See also