جوالق

Borrowed from Middle Persian (/⁠guwālak⁠/). This word has been, in the Arabic dialects, borrowed again from Ottoman Turkish چوال (çuval) as جُوَال (juwāl), شُوَال (šuwāl). Another form is جُلّ (jull, “horsecloth”). See Arabic شَلَّاق (šallāq) for other forms.

جُوَالَق or جُوَالِق • (juwālaq or juwāliq) m (plural جَوَالِق (jawāliq) or جَوَالِيق (jawālīq) or جُوَالَقَات (juwālaqāt) or جُوَالِقَات (juwāliqāt)) (obsolete)

1. a large sack; a duffel bag

   Synonyms: خُرْج (ḵurj), (dialectal) شُوَال (šuwāl)

   • 7th century CE, Sunan an-Nasāʾiyy, 45:1:

     عَنِ ٱبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ : " أَوَّلُ قَسَامَةٍ كَانَتْ فِي ٱلْجَاهِلِيَّةِ ، كَانَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ ٱسْتَأْجَرَ رَجُلًا مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ ، مِنْ فَخِذِ أَحَدِهِمْ قَالَ : فَٱنْطَلَقَ مَعَهُ فِي إِبِلِهِ ، فَمَرَّ بِهِ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ قَدِ ٱنْقَطَعَتْ عُرْوَةُ جُوَالِقِهِ ، فَقَالَ : أَغِثْنِي بِعِقَالٍ أَشُدُّ بِهِ عُرْوَةَ جُوَالِقِي لَا تَنْفِرُ ٱلْإِبِلُ ، فَأَعْطَاهُ عِقَالًا يَشُدُّ بِهِ عُرْوَةَ جُوَالِقِهِ ، فَلَمَّا نَزَلُوا ، وَعُقِلَتِ ٱلْإِبِلُ إِلَّا بَعِيرًا وَاحِدًا ، فَقَالَ ٱلَّذِي ٱسْتَأْجَرَهُ : مَا شَأْنُ هَذَا ٱلْبَعِيرِ ، لَمْ يُعْقَلْ مِنْ بَيْنِ ٱلْإِبِلِ ؟ قَالَ : لَيْسَ لَهُ عِقَالٌ قَالَ : فَأَيْنَ عِقَالُهُ ؟ قَالَ : مَرَّ بِي رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ قَدِ ٱنْقَطَعَتْ عُرْوَةُ جُوَالِقِهِ فَٱسْتَغَاثَنِي ، فَقَالَ : أَغِثْنِي بِعِقَالٍ أَشُدُّ بِهِ عُرْوَةَ جُوَالِقِي ، لَا تَنْفِرُ الْإِبِلُ ، فَأَعْطَيْتُهُ عِقَالًا فَحَذَفَهُ بِعَصًا كَانَ فِيهَا أَجَلُهُ

     ʕani bni ʕabbāsin qāla : " ʔawwalu qasāmatin kānat fī l-jāhiliyyati , kāna rajulun min banī hāšimin staʔjara rajulan min qurayšin , min faḵiḏi ʔaḥadihim qāla : fanṭalaqa maʕahu fī ʔibilihi , famarra bihī rajulun min banī hāšimin qadi nqaṭaʕat ʕurwatu juwāliqihī , faqāla : ʔaḡiṯnī biʕiqālin ʔašuddu bihī ʕurwata juwāliqī lā tanfiru l-ʔibilu , faʔaʕṭāhu ʕiqālan yašuddu bihī ʕurwata juwāliqihī , falammā nazalū , waʕuqilati l-ʔibilu ʔillā baʕīran wāḥidan , faqāla llaḏī staʔjarahū : mā šaʔnu haḏā l-baʕīri , lam yuʕqal min bayni l-ʔibili ? qāla : laysa lahū ʕiqālun qāla : faʔayna ʕiqāluhu ? qāla : marra bī rajulun min banī hāšimin qadi nqaṭaʕat ʕurwatu juwāliqihī fastaḡāṯanī , faqāla : ʔaḡiṯnī biʕiqālin ʔašuddu bihī ʕurwata juwāliqī , lā tanfiru l-ʔibilu , faʔaʕṭaytuhū ʕiqālan faḥaḏafahu biʕaṣan kāna fīhā ʔajaluhū

     From Ibn ʿAbbās, he said, "The earliest blood oath was in the Era of Ignorance. Some man of the tribe of Hāšim had hired another from the tribe of Qurayš, from some sub-tribe." He said, "So, he went out with him and his camel herd, and there walked up to him some other man from the tribe of Hāšim, the strap of whose duffel bag had come apart, and he said, 'Do extricate me with a hobble, lest the camels run off,' and so he gave him a hobble, that he may fasten therewith the strap of his duffel bag. When they stopped, the camels were hobbled but for only one camel. The one who had hired him thus asked, 'What is the matter with this camel? It alone, from among the camel herd, has not been hobbled', so the man said 'For it, there is no hobble', and so he said 'And where is its hobble?' 'A man from the tribe of Hāšim walked up to me,' he said, 'and the strap of his duffel bag had come apart, and he sought my aid and said, "Do extricate me with a hobble, lest the camels run off," and I gave him one.' So he dashed him with his stick, and in this was his fate."

• جَوْلَقِيّ (jawlaqiyy), جَوَالِيقِيّ (jawālīqiyy), جُوَالِقِيّ (juwāliqiyy) or جَوَالِقِيّ (jawāliqiyy, “sackcloth; a Sufi who wears sackcloth”)

• Corriente, F. (1997) A Dictionary of Andalusi Arabic (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1 The Near and Middle East; 29)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, →LCCN, page 109
• Freytag, Georg (1833) “جوالق”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 327
• Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “جوالق”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎ (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, page 318
• Rossi, Adriano Valerio (2011) “Ossetic and Balochi in V.I. Abaev’s SLOVAR'”, in Nartamongæ. The Journal of Alano-Ossetic Studies‎, volume 8, pages 251–255 (from 236)
• Siddiqi, Abdussattar (1919) Studien über die Persischen Fremdwörter im klassischen Arabisch (in German), Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pages 62–64