خلق

Inherited from Proto-Semitic *ḫalaq-, as Biblical Hebrew חָלַק (ḥɔláq, “to be smooth, slippery”) and Akkadian 𒄩𒀀 (ḫalāqum, “to vanish”), with a basic meaning of “to shift”, “to shake (off)”, “to shoehorn figuratively”, ultimately extended from the root which is in Arabic خ ل ل (ḵ-l-l) related to transfixation, as is خ ل س (ḵ-l-s) related to something being snatched,^[1] in Arabic further spawning ideas of a particularly shape or fitting.

• IPA^(key): /xa.la.qa/

خَلَقَ • (ḵalaqa) I (non-past يَخْلُقُ (yaḵluqu), verbal noun خَلْق (ḵalq))

1. to create, to make
2. to shape, to form

• → Lishana Deni: כלאקא (xalāqa)

• IPA^(key): /xa.lu.qa/

خَلُقَ • (ḵaluqa) I (non-past يَخْلُقُ (yaḵluqu), verbal noun خَلَاقَة (ḵalāqa))

1. to be suitable, be fit

Probably denominal from the perfume compound خَلُوق (ḵalūq), خِلَاق (ḵilāq), which is then from the base stem “to create, to compose” above.

• IPA^(key): /xal.la.qa/

خَلَّقَ • (ḵallaqa) II (non-past يُخَلِّقُ (yuḵalliqu), verbal noun تَخْلِيق (taḵlīq))

1. to perfume

• IPA^(key): /xalq/

خَلْق • (ḵalq) m

1. verbal noun of خَلَقَ (ḵalaqa) (form I)
2. creation
3. (collective) creation (“all which exists”), creatures
4. (collective) people
   • 10th century, Al-Mutanabbi :

     أَنَامُ مِلْءَ جُفُونِي عَنْ شَوارِدِهَا / وَيَسْهَرُ الْخَلْقُ جَرَّاهَا وَيَخْتَصِمُ

     ʔanāmu milʔa jufūnī ʕan šawāridihā / wayasharu al-ḵalqu jarrāhā wayaḵtaṣimu

5. pleb, plebeian

• IPA^(key): /xu.luq/

خُلُق • (ḵuluq) m (dual خُلُقَانِ (ḵuluqāni), plural أَخْلَاق (ʔaḵlāq))

1. natural disposition, character, nature
2. inborn quality
3. manners, character
4. morals, morality
   • (Can we date this quote?) Ahmad Shawqi

     وَإِنَّمَا ٱلْأُمَمُ ٱلْأَخْلَاقُ مَا بَقِيَتْ / فَإِنْ هُمُ ذَهَبَتْ أَخْلَاقُهُمْ ذَهَبُوا

     waʔinnamā l-ʔumamu l-ʔaḵlāqu mā baqiyat / faʔin humu ḏahabat ʔaḵlāquhum ḏahabū

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

5. (Modern Standard Arabic) anger, irritation
6. (Modern Standard Arabic) bravery
7. (Modern Standard Arabic) religion
8. (Modern Standard Arabic) humanity
9. (Modern Standard Arabic) refinement

• → Persian: خلق (xolq)
• → Turkish: kılık
• → Bashkir: холоҡ (xoloq)
• → Kazakh: құлық (qūlyq)

(via plural form أَخْلَاق (ʔaḵlāq))

• → Azerbaijani: əxlaq
• → Classical Malay: اخلاق
  • → Malay: akhlak
  • → Indonesian: akhlak
• → Persian: اخلاق
  • Urdu: اخلاق
• → Ottoman Turkish: اخلاق
  • → Turkish: ahlak
  • → Crimean Tatar: ahlâq
• → Uyghur: ئەخلاق (exlaq)
• → Uzbek: axloq

• IPA^(key): /xi.laq/

خِلَق • (ḵilaq) pl

1. plural of خِلْقَة (ḵilqa)

Plausibly a liquid variant of خ ر ق (ḵ-r-q), but it is sensible that it rather relates to the rest of خ ل ق (ḵ-l-q) via the idea of a rag being fitted into somewhere or onto a body or item, until serving purposes of polishing and making things smoother.

• IPA^(key): /xa.lu.qa/, /xa.li.qa/, /xa.la.qa/

خَلُقَ • (ḵaluqa) I (non-past يَخْلُقُ (yaḵluqu), verbal noun خُلُوقَة (ḵulūqa) or خَلَاقَة (ḵalāqa))
خَلِقَ • (ḵaliqa) I (non-past يَخْلَقُ (yaḵlaqu), verbal noun خَلَق (ḵalaq))
خَلَقَ • (ḵalaqa) I (non-past يَخْلُقُ (yaḵluqu), verbal noun خُلُوق (ḵulūq))

1. to be old and worn out (of a garment)
2. to be smooth and soft (of an item, through wear)

• IPA^(key): /xa.laq/

خَلَق • (ḵalaq) m or f (plural خُلْقَان (ḵulqān) or أَخْلَاق (ʔaḵlāq))

1. verbal noun of خَلِقَ (ḵaliqa) (form I)
2. rags
3. old age
4. men, people

خَلَق • (ḵalaq) (feminine خَلَق (ḵalaq), common plural خُلْقَان (ḵulqān) or أَخْلَاق (ʔaḵlāq))

1. worn, threadbare

• “خلق” in Almaany

From Arabic خَلَقَ (ḵalaqa).

• IPA^(key): /xa.laɡ/

خَلَق • (ḵalag) I (non-past يِخْلق (yiḵlug, yiḵlig))

1. to create, to make
2. to shape, to form

From Arabic خُلُق (ḵuluq).

• IPA^(key): /xilɡ/, /xulɡ/

خِلق or خُلق • (ḵilg or ḵulg) m (plural أخلاق (ʔaḵlag))

1. manner
2. morals, morality
3. endurance

From Arabic خَلْق (ḵalq).

• IPA^(key): /xalɡ/

خَلْق • (ḵalg) m

1. (collective) creation (“all which exists”), creatures
2. (collective) people

Persian Wikipedia has an article on:

خلق

Wikipedia ^fa

Borrowed from Arabic خَلْق (ḵalq).

خلق • (xalq) (plural خلق‌ها (xalq-hâ))

1. creation

   Synonym: آفرینش (âfarineš)

2. pleb, plebeian
3. (socialism or dated) people, folk

   Synonym: مردم (mardom)

   جمهوری خلق چین ― jomhuri-ye xalq-e čin ― the People's Republic of China

   حزب دموکراتیک خلق افغانستان ― hizb-i dimōkrātīk-i xalq-i afğānistān ― People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan

Borrowed from Arabic خُلْق (ḵulq).

خلق • (xolq) (plural اخلاق (axlâq))

1. temperament, disposition, character, personality

   خلق آرام ― xolq-e ârâm ― calm personality

2. custom, habit, manner, behaviour
3. humour, mood

   خلق تنگ ― xolq-e tang ― unpleasant mood

• Note that the plural اخلاق (axlâq) is usually used with the meaning of “morality; ethics” rather than as the plural of خلق (xolq).

Borrowed from Arabic خَلَق (ḵalaq).

خلق • (xalaq) (plural خلق‌ها (xalaq-hâ) or خلقان (xolqân))

1. rags

خلق • (xalaq)

1. ragged; shabby

Borrowed from Arabic خَلْق (ḵalq).

خَلْقَ • (xalqu) m (Devanagari ख़ल्क़ु)

1. people

• Parmanand, Mewaram (1910) “خَلْقَ”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society
• “خلق”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, University of Chicago: Center for Language Engineering, Pakistan, 1866–1938

Borrowed from Classical Persian خلق (xalq), from Arabic خَلْق (ḵalq).

• IPA^(key): /xəlq/

خلق • (xalq) m (Hindi spelling ख़लक़)

1. mankind, humanity
2. (religion) creation, world

From Persian خلق (xalq).

خلق (xalq)

1. people