درود
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Persian
Etymology 1
From Middle Persian drwd (drōd, “well-being, health, welfare”), from Old Persian *druwatā-, from 𐎯𐎢𐎽𐎢𐎺 (du-u-ru-u-v /duruva-/, “secure, healthy”), from Proto-Iranian *druwáh. Compare Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬙𐬁𐬝 (druuatāt̰, “health”) (from 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀- (druua-)) and Sanskrit ध्रुव (dhruvá, “fixed, immovable; firm”). Related to Old Armenian դրուատ (druat).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): , ,
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): ,
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): , ,
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | darōḏ, darūḏ, durūḏ |
| Dari reading? | darūd, durūd |
| Iranian reading? | darud, dorud |
| Tajik reading? | darüd, darud, durud |
Interjection
درود • (dorud)
Noun
درود • (dorud)
- greeting, salutation
- سلام و درود از خراسان ― salâm o dorud az xorasân ― hello and greetings from Khorasan
- health; well-being; welfare
Descendants
- → Urdu: دُرُود (durūd)
Etymology 2
From Proto-Iranian *dā́ru, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dā́ru, from Proto-Indo-European *dóru. Also see دار (dâr), درخت (deraxt). Aghwan 𐔳𐕒𐕡𐕙𐕒𐕡𐔳 (durud) is an Iranian borrowing.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): ,
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): ,
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): ,
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | darūḏ, durūḏ |
| Dari reading? | darūd, durūd |
| Iranian reading? | darud, dorud |
| Tajik reading? | darud, durud |
Noun
درود • (dorud)
Derived terms
- درگر (dorgar, “carpenter”)
See also
- نجار (najâr, “carpenter”)
Urdu
Etymology
First attested in c. 1564 as Middle Hindi درود (/drūd/), borrowed from Classical Persian درود (durūd), from Middle Persian drwd (drōd).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪/
- (colloquial, Punjabic Urdu) IPA(key):
- Rhymes: -uːd̪
- Hyphenation: دُ‧رُود
Noun
دُرُود • (durūd) m (Hindi spelling दुरूद)
- (Islam) Salawat (durood – the uttering of specific phrases to bless the prophet Muhammad whenever he is mentioned or encountered in a text)
- (by extension) Ellipsis of دُرُود شَرِیف (durūd śarīf).
- (literally) praise, salutation
Derived terms
Derived terms
- دُرُود و سَلام (durūd-o-salām, “benedictions and blessings on Prophet Muhammad”)
- فاتِحَہ دُرُود (fātihah-durūd, “assembly convened to offer prayers for the dead”)
- دَم دُرُود (dam-durūd, “blowing incantations or prayers, courage, guts, power to stand up to”)
Descendants
- → Bengali: দরূদ (dorud), দুরুদ (durud)
- → English: durood
- → Hindi: दुरूद (durūd)
- → Punjabi: دَرُود (darūd)
Further reading
- “درود”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
- “درود”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary , Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
- Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “درود”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
- Platts, John T. (1884) “درود”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- S. W. Fallon (1879) “درود”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
- John Shakespear (1834) “درود”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC