دف
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See also: ذق
Arabic
Etymology 1
From the root د ف ف (d-f-f); a more primitive form of د ف ع (d-f-ʕ). The noun “lateral surface” may have to be drawn to the Persianisms and ultimate Sumerianisms in the second etymology instead, if not deriving from a combination of both it and native roots.
Verb
دَفَّ • (daffa) I (non-past يَدِفُّ (yadiffu), verbal noun دَفِيف (dafīf))
- to flap the wings (of a bird)
Conjugation
Conjugation of دَفَّ (I, geminate, a ~ i, no passive (?), verbal noun دَفِيف)
| verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
دَفِيف dafīf | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
دَافّ dāff | |||||||||||
| active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
| singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
| 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
| past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | دَفَفْتُ dafaftu |
دَفَفْتَ dafafta |
دَفَّ daffa |
دَفَفْتُمَا dafaftumā |
دَفَّا daffā |
دَفَفْنَا dafafnā |
دَفَفْتُمْ dafaftum |
دَفُّوا daffū | |||
| f | دَفَفْتِ dafafti |
دَفَّتْ daffat |
دَفَّتَا daffatā |
دَفَفْتُنَّ dafaftunna |
دَفَفْنَ dafafna | |||||||
| non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَدِفُّ ʔadiffu |
تَدِفُّ tadiffu |
يَدِفُّ yadiffu |
تَدِفَّانِ tadiffāni |
يَدِفَّانِ yadiffāni |
نَدِفُّ nadiffu |
تَدِفُّونَ tadiffūna |
يَدِفُّونَ yadiffūna | |||
| f | تَدِفِّينَ tadiffīna |
تَدِفُّ tadiffu |
تَدِفَّانِ tadiffāni |
تَدْفِفْنَ tadfifna |
يَدْفِفْنَ yadfifna | |||||||
| subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَدِفَّ ʔadiffa |
تَدِفَّ tadiffa |
يَدِفَّ yadiffa |
تَدِفَّا tadiffā |
يَدِفَّا yadiffā |
نَدِفَّ nadiffa |
تَدِفُّوا tadiffū |
يَدِفُّوا yadiffū | |||
| f | تَدِفِّي tadiffī |
تَدِفَّ tadiffa |
تَدِفَّا tadiffā |
تَدْفِفْنَ tadfifna |
يَدْفِفْنَ yadfifna | |||||||
| jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَدِفَّ, أَدِفِّ, أَدْفِفْ ʔadiffa, ʔadiffi, ʔadfif |
تَدِفَّ, تَدِفِّ, تَدْفِفْ tadiffa, tadiffi, tadfif |
يَدِفَّ, يَدِفِّ, يَدْفِفْ yadiffa, yadiffi, yadfif |
تَدِفَّا tadiffā |
يَدِفَّا yadiffā |
نَدِفَّ, نَدِفِّ, نَدْفِفْ nadiffa, nadiffi, nadfif |
تَدِفُّوا tadiffū |
يَدِفُّوا yadiffū | |||
| f | تَدِفِّي tadiffī |
تَدِفَّ, تَدِفِّ, تَدْفِفْ tadiffa, tadiffi, tadfif |
تَدِفَّا tadiffā |
تَدْفِفْنَ tadfifna |
يَدْفِفْنَ yadfifna | |||||||
| imperative الْأَمْر |
m | دِفَّ, دِفِّ, اِدْفِفْ diffa, diffi, idfif |
دِفَّا diffā |
دِفُّوا diffū |
||||||||
| f | دِفِّي diffī |
اِدْفِفْنَ idfifna | ||||||||||
Noun
دَفّ • (daff) m (plural دُفُوف (dufūf))
Declension
Declension of noun دَفّ (daff)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | دَفّ daff |
الدَّفّ ad-daff |
دَفّ daff |
| Nominative | دَفٌّ daffun |
الدَّفُّ ad-daffu |
دَفُّ daffu |
| Accusative | دَفًّا daffan |
الدَّفَّ ad-daffa |
دَفَّ daffa |
| Genitive | دَفٍّ daffin |
الدَّفِّ ad-daffi |
دَفِّ daffi |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | دَفَّيْن daffayn |
الدَّفَّيْن ad-daffayn |
دَفَّيْ daffay |
| Nominative | دَفَّانِ daffāni |
الدَّفَّانِ ad-daffāni |
دَفَّا daffā |
| Accusative | دَفَّيْنِ daffayni |
الدَّفَّيْنِ ad-daffayni |
دَفَّيْ daffay |
| Genitive | دَفَّيْنِ daffayni |
الدَّفَّيْنِ ad-daffayni |
دَفَّيْ daffay |
| Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | دُفُوف dufūf |
الدُّفُوف ad-dufūf |
دُفُوف dufūf |
| Nominative | دُفُوفٌ dufūfun |
الدُّفُوفُ ad-dufūfu |
دُفُوفُ dufūfu |
| Accusative | دُفُوفًا dufūfan |
الدُّفُوفَ ad-dufūfa |
دُفُوفَ dufūfa |
| Genitive | دُفُوفٍ dufūfin |
الدُّفُوفِ ad-dufūfi |
دُفُوفِ dufūfi |
Related terms
Etymology 2
From Middle Persian 𐭣𐭯 (dap), ultimately from Sumerian 𒁾 (dub, “tablet”).
Noun
دُفّ or دَفّ • (duff or daff) m (plural دُفُوف (dufūf))
Declension
Declension of noun دُفّ (duff); دَفّ (daff)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | دُفّ; دَفّ duff; daff |
الدُّفّ; الدَّفّ ad-duff; ad-daff |
دُفّ; دَفّ duff; daff |
| Nominative | دُفٌّ; دَفٌّ duffun; daffun |
الدُّفُّ; الدَّفُّ ad-duffu; ad-daffu |
دُفُّ; دَفُّ duffu; daffu |
| Accusative | دُفًّا; دَفًّا duffan; daffan |
الدُّفَّ; الدَّفَّ ad-duffa; ad-daffa |
دُفَّ; دَفَّ duffa; daffa |
| Genitive | دُفٍّ; دَفٍّ duffin; daffin |
الدُّفِّ; الدَّفِّ ad-duffi; ad-daffi |
دُفِّ; دَفِّ duffi; daffi |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | دُفَّيْن; دَفَّيْن duffayn; daffayn |
الدُّفَّيْن; الدَّفَّيْن ad-duffayn; ad-daffayn |
دُفَّيْ; دَفَّيْ duffay; daffay |
| Nominative | دُفَّانِ; دَفَّانِ duffāni; daffāni |
الدُّفَّانِ; الدَّفَّانِ ad-duffāni; ad-daffāni |
دُفَّا; دَفَّا duffā; daffā |
| Accusative | دُفَّيْنِ; دَفَّيْنِ duffayni; daffayni |
الدُّفَّيْنِ; الدَّفَّيْنِ ad-duffayni; ad-daffayni |
دُفَّيْ; دَفَّيْ duffay; daffay |
| Genitive | دُفَّيْنِ; دَفَّيْنِ duffayni; daffayni |
الدُّفَّيْنِ; الدَّفَّيْنِ ad-duffayni; ad-daffayni |
دُفَّيْ; دَفَّيْ duffay; daffay |
| Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | دُفُوف dufūf |
الدُّفُوف ad-dufūf |
دُفُوف dufūf |
| Nominative | دُفُوفٌ dufūfun |
الدُّفُوفُ ad-dufūfu |
دُفُوفُ dufūfu |
| Accusative | دُفُوفًا dufūfan |
الدُّفُوفَ ad-dufūfa |
دُفُوفَ dufūfa |
| Genitive | دُفُوفٍ dufūfin |
الدُّفُوفِ ad-dufūfi |
دُفُوفِ dufūfi |
Derived terms
- دَفَّاف (daffāf, “tambourine player”)
Descendants
Baluchi
Noun
دف • (daf)
See also
- دپ (dap)
Ottoman Turkish
Etymology
From Persian دف (daf), ultimately from Sumerian 𒁾 (dub, “tablet”).
Noun
دف • (def, tef)
- daf (a Persian frame drum)
Descendants
- Turkish: tef
Persian
Alternative forms
- دپ (dap)
Etymology
Inherited from Middle Persian 𐭣𐭯 (dp /dap/), ultimately from Sumerian 𒁾 (dub, “tablet”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key):
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key):
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key):
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | daf |
| Dari reading? | daf |
| Iranian reading? | daf |
| Tajik reading? | daf |
Noun
| Dari | دف |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | даф |
دف • (daf)
- daf (a Persian frame drum)
- c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 125:
- چو آن مه خشم دارد مطربا خیز
بیفگن چنگ و دف عیش و طرب چیست- čū ān mah xišm dārad mutribā xēz
biyafgan čang u daf ayš u tarab čīst - When that moon is angry, o minstrel, stand up!
Throw down the lyre and drum! What is pleasure and mirth ?
- čū ān mah xišm dārad mutribā xēz