ذمة

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See also: ذمہ

Arabic

Root
ذ م م (ḏ m m)
5 terms

Pronunciation

Noun

ذِمَّة (ḏimmaf (plural ذِمَم (ḏimam))

  1. peace, custody, guardianship, care
    Synonyms: عَهْد (ʕahd), أَمَان (ʔamān), حُرْمَة (ḥurma)
  2. responsibility, liability, blame
    • 2006CE, Muḥammad Muṣṭafá Zuḥaylī, “القواعد الفقهية وتطبيقاتها في المذاهب الأربعة”, in Al-Qawa'id Ul-Fiqhiyyah Wa Tatbiqatuha Fil Madhahhib L-Arba', volume 1, page 195:
      هذه القاعدة فرع عن قاعدة "اليقين لا يزول بالشك" (م/ ٤)؛ لأن اليقين لا يزول إلا بيقين مثله، ولأن اليقين ثابت فلا يلغى إلا بمثله، ومن ذلك إذا شغلت الذمة بيقين في مقتضى حكم شرعي، أو بحق من الحقوق، فلا تبرأ من ذلك إلا بيقين يثبت براءة الذمة
      This rule is a branch of the rule "Certainty is not removed by doubt" (Islamic jurisprudential maxim 4). Because certainty is only removed by an equal certainty, and because certainty is established, it is not nullified except by its equivalent. Therefore, if liability is established with certainty in a legal judgment or in a matter related to rights, it cannot be absolved except by an equal certainty that proves the exoneration of liability.

Declension

References