سلطان

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Arabic

Suleiman I of the Ottoman Empire

Etymology

    From the root س ل ط (s-l-ṭ). Cognates with Aramaic שׁוּלְטָנָא / ܫܘܼܠܛܵܢܵܐ (šulṭānā, “power”) and Hebrew שִׁלְטוֹן (shiltón, “rulership, authority”).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    سُلْطَان • (sulṭān) m or f (usually uncountable)

    1. power, strength
    2. rule, dominion
    3. authority
      • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 53:23:
        إِنْ هِيَ إِلَّا أَسْمَاءٌ سَمَّيْتُمُوهَا أَنْتُمْ وَآبَاؤُكُم مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ بِهَا مِن سُلْطَانٍ إِن يَتَّبِعُونَ إِلَّا الظَّنَّ وَمَا تَهْوَى الأَنْفُسُ وَلَقَدْ جَاءَهُم مِن رَبِّهِمُ الهُدَى
        ʔin hiya ʔillā ʔasmāʔun sammaytumūhā ʔantum wa-ʔābāʔukum mā ʔanzala l-lahu bihā min sulṭānin ʔin yattabiʕūna ʔillā ẓ-ẓanna wa-mā tahwā l-ʔanfusu wa-laqad jāʔahum min rabbihimu l-hudā
        These are but names which you have coined—you and your fathers—for which God has not sent down any authority. They follow nothing but conjectures and the desires of the soul, while there has already come to them the guidance from their Lord.
    4. mandate, authorization
    5. proof, evidence, an argument or case against
    6. a plea, an allegation, the grounds or basis for one's case being superior
    7. justification

    Declension

    Declension of noun سُلْطَان (sulṭān)
    Singular basic singular triptote
    Indefinite Definite Construct
    Informal سُلْطَان
    sulṭān     		السُّلْطَان
    as-sulṭān     		سُلْطَان
    sulṭān
    Nominative سُلْطَانٌ
    sulṭānun     		السُّلْطَانُ
    as-sulṭānu     		سُلْطَانُ
    sulṭānu
    Accusative سُلْطَانًا
    sulṭānan     		السُّلْطَانَ
    as-sulṭāna     		سُلْطَانَ
    sulṭāna
    Genitive سُلْطَانٍ
    sulṭānin     		السُّلْطَانِ
    as-sulṭāni     		سُلْطَانِ
    sulṭāni

    Noun

    سُلْطَان • (sulṭān) m (plural سَلَاطِين (salāṭīn))

    1. sultan

    Declension

    Declension of noun سُلْطَان (sulṭān)
    Singular basic singular triptote
    Indefinite Definite Construct
    Informal سُلْطَان
    sulṭān     		السُّلْطَان
    as-sulṭān     		سُلْطَان
    sulṭān
    Nominative سُلْطَانٌ
    sulṭānun     		السُّلْطَانُ
    as-sulṭānu     		سُلْطَانُ
    sulṭānu
    Accusative سُلْطَانًا
    sulṭānan     		السُّلْطَانَ
    as-sulṭāna     		سُلْطَانَ
    sulṭāna
    Genitive سُلْطَانٍ
    sulṭānin     		السُّلْطَانِ
    as-sulṭāni     		سُلْطَانِ
    sulṭāni
    Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
    Informal سُلْطَانَيْن
    sulṭānayn     		السُّلْطَانَيْن
    as-sulṭānayn     		سُلْطَانَيْ
    sulṭānay
    Nominative سُلْطَانَانِ
    sulṭānāni     		السُّلْطَانَانِ
    as-sulṭānāni     		سُلْطَانَا
    sulṭānā
    Accusative سُلْطَانَيْنِ
    sulṭānayni     		السُّلْطَانَيْنِ
    as-sulṭānayni     		سُلْطَانَيْ
    sulṭānay
    Genitive سُلْطَانَيْنِ
    sulṭānayni     		السُّلْطَانَيْنِ
    as-sulṭānayni     		سُلْطَانَيْ
    sulṭānay
    Plural basic broken plural diptote
    Indefinite Definite Construct
    Informal سَلَاطِين
    salāṭīn     		السَّلَاطِين
    as-salāṭīn     		سَلَاطِين
    salāṭīn
    Nominative سَلَاطِينُ
    salāṭīnu     		السَّلَاطِينُ
    as-salāṭīnu     		سَلَاطِينُ
    salāṭīnu
    Accusative سَلَاطِينَ
    salāṭīna     		السَّلَاطِينَ
    as-salāṭīna     		سَلَاطِينَ
    salāṭīna
    Genitive سَلَاطِينَ
    salāṭīna     		السَّلَاطِينِ
    as-salāṭīni     		سَلَاطِينِ
    salāṭīni

    Descendants

    • Maltese: sultan
    Borrowings

    Malay

    Noun

    سلطان (plural سلطان-سلطان or سلطان۲, informal 1st possessive سلطانکو, 2nd possessive سلطانمو, 3rd possessive سلطانڽ)

    1. Jawi spelling of sultan‎

    Ottoman Turkish

    Etymology

    From Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān).

    Noun

    سلطان • (sultan)

    1. sultan

    Descendants

    Borrowings

    References

    Persian

    Etymology

      Borrowed from Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān).

      Pronunciation

       

      Readings
      Classical reading? sultān
      Dari reading? sultān
      Iranian reading? soltân
      Tajik reading? sulton

      Noun

      Dari سلطان
      Iranian Persian
      Tajik султон

      سُلْطان • (soltân) (plural سلاطین (salâtin) or سلطان‌ها (soltân-hâ))

      1. sultan; king, ruler, sovereign
        Synonyms: پادشاه (pâdešâh), شاه (šâh), ملک (malek)
        • c. 1100, Amīr Mu'izzī, “Qaṣīda 41”, in دیوان امیر معزی‎:
          جز خداوندی که عالم بندهٔ تقدیر اوست
          کیست در عالم‌ که او سلطان سلطان سنجر است
          juz xudāwandē ki ālam banda-yi taqdīr-i ō-st
          kē-st dar ālam ki ō sultān-i sultān sanjar ast
          Save for the Lord to whose decree the world is a slave,
          Who in the world is there to be king over Sultan Sanjar?
          (Classical Persian transliteration)

      Descendants

      Sindhi

      Etymology

      From Classical Persian سلطان (sultān), from Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān).

      Noun

      سُلْطانُ • (sultānu) m (Devanagari सुल्तानु)

      1. king; emperor

      References

      • Parmanand, Mewaram (1910) “سلطان”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society

      Urdu

      Etymology

      Borrowed from Classical Persian سلطان (sultān), from Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān).

      Pronunciation

      Noun

      سُلْطان • (sultān) m (Hindi spelling सुल्तान)

      1. sultan
        Synonyms: سَمْراٹ (samrāṭ), بادْشاہ (bādśāh), سَمْراج (samrāj), پادْشاہ (pādśāh), شَہَنْشاہ (śahanśāh)
      2. king
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