سن

See also: شن

Arabic

Root
س ن ن (s n n)
7 terms

Etymology 1

Etymologically related to سن (sinn, “tooth”, sense 3); also compare the letter ش (š).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /san.na/

Verb

سَنَّ • (sanna) I (non-past يَسُنُّ (yasunnu), verbal noun سَنّ (sann))

to sharpen, to whet, to hone, to grind
to mold, to shape, to form
to prescribe, to introduce, to enact
to institute, to establish a method

Conjugation

Conjugation of سَنَّ (I, geminate, a ~ u, full passive, verbal noun سَنّ)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					سَنّ sann
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					سَانّ sānn
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَسْنُون masnūn
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سَنَنْتُ sanantu	سَنَنْتَ sananta	سَنَّ sanna	سَنَنْتُمَا sanantumā	سَنَّا sannā	سَنَنَّا sanannā	سَنَنْتُمْ sanantum	سَنُّوا sannū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	سَنَنْتُ sanantu	سَنَنْتِ sananti	سَنَّتْ sannat	سَنَنْتُمَا sanantumā	سَنَّتَا sannatā	سَنَنَّا sanannā	سَنَنْتُنَّ sanantunna	سَنَنَّ sananna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَسُنُّ ʔasunnu	تَسُنُّ tasunnu	يَسُنُّ yasunnu	تَسُنَّانِ tasunnāni	يَسُنَّانِ yasunnāni	نَسُنُّ nasunnu	تَسُنُّونَ tasunnūna	يَسُنُّونَ yasunnūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَسُنُّ ʔasunnu	تَسُنِّينَ tasunnīna	تَسُنُّ tasunnu	تَسُنَّانِ tasunnāni	تَسُنَّانِ tasunnāni	نَسُنُّ nasunnu	تَسْنُنَّ tasnunna	يَسْنُنَّ yasnunna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَسُنَّ ʔasunna	تَسُنَّ tasunna	يَسُنَّ yasunna	تَسُنَّا tasunnā	يَسُنَّا yasunnā	نَسُنَّ nasunna	تَسُنُّوا tasunnū	يَسُنُّوا yasunnū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَسُنَّ ʔasunna	تَسُنِّي tasunnī	تَسُنَّ tasunna	تَسُنَّا tasunnā	تَسُنَّا tasunnā	نَسُنَّ nasunna	تَسْنُنَّ tasnunna	يَسْنُنَّ yasnunna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَسُنَّ, أَسُنِّ, أَسْنُنْ ʔasunna, ʔasunni, ʔasnun	تَسُنَّ, تَسُنِّ, تَسْنُنْ tasunna, tasunni, tasnun	يَسُنَّ, يَسُنِّ, يَسْنُنْ yasunna, yasunni, yasnun	تَسُنَّا tasunnā	يَسُنَّا yasunnā	نَسُنَّ, نَسُنِّ, نَسْنُنْ nasunna, nasunni, nasnun	تَسُنُّوا tasunnū	يَسُنُّوا yasunnū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَسُنَّ, أَسُنِّ, أَسْنُنْ ʔasunna, ʔasunni, ʔasnun	تَسُنِّي tasunnī	تَسُنَّ, تَسُنِّ, تَسْنُنْ tasunna, tasunni, tasnun	تَسُنَّا tasunnā	تَسُنَّا tasunnā	نَسُنَّ, نَسُنِّ, نَسْنُنْ nasunna, nasunni, nasnun	تَسْنُنَّ tasnunna	يَسْنُنَّ yasnunna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		سُنَّ, سُنِّ, اُسْنُنْ sunna, sunni, usnun		سُنَّا sunnā			سُنُّوا sunnū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		سُنِّي sunnī		سُنَّا sunnā			اُسْنُنَّ usnunna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سُنِنْتُ sunintu	سُنِنْتَ suninta	سُنَّ sunna	سُنِنْتُمَا sunintumā	سُنَّا sunnā	سُنِنَّا suninnā	سُنِنْتُمْ sunintum	سُنُّوا sunnū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	سُنِنْتُ sunintu	سُنِنْتِ suninti	سُنَّتْ sunnat	سُنِنْتُمَا sunintumā	سُنَّتَا sunnatā	سُنِنَّا suninnā	سُنِنْتُنَّ sunintunna	سُنِنَّ suninna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُسَنُّ ʔusannu	تُسَنُّ tusannu	يُسَنُّ yusannu	تُسَنَّانِ tusannāni	يُسَنَّانِ yusannāni	نُسَنُّ nusannu	تُسَنُّونَ tusannūna	يُسَنُّونَ yusannūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُسَنُّ ʔusannu	تُسَنِّينَ tusannīna	تُسَنُّ tusannu	تُسَنَّانِ tusannāni	تُسَنَّانِ tusannāni	نُسَنُّ nusannu	تُسْنَنَّ tusnanna	يُسْنَنَّ yusnanna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُسَنَّ ʔusanna	تُسَنَّ tusanna	يُسَنَّ yusanna	تُسَنَّا tusannā	يُسَنَّا yusannā	نُسَنَّ nusanna	تُسَنُّوا tusannū	يُسَنُّوا yusannū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُسَنَّ ʔusanna	تُسَنِّي tusannī	تُسَنَّ tusanna	تُسَنَّا tusannā	تُسَنَّا tusannā	نُسَنَّ nusanna	تُسْنَنَّ tusnanna	يُسْنَنَّ yusnanna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُسَنَّ, أُسَنِّ, أُسْنَنْ ʔusanna, ʔusanni, ʔusnan	تُسَنَّ, تُسَنِّ, تُسْنَنْ tusanna, tusanni, tusnan	يُسَنَّ, يُسَنِّ, يُسْنَنْ yusanna, yusanni, yusnan	تُسَنَّا tusannā	يُسَنَّا yusannā	نُسَنَّ, نُسَنِّ, نُسْنَنْ nusanna, nusanni, nusnan	تُسَنُّوا tusannū	يُسَنُّوا yusannū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُسَنَّ, أُسَنِّ, أُسْنَنْ ʔusanna, ʔusanni, ʔusnan	تُسَنِّي tusannī	تُسَنَّ, تُسَنِّ, تُسْنَنْ tusanna, tusanni, tusnan	تُسَنَّا tusannā	تُسَنَّا tusannā	نُسَنَّ, نُسَنِّ, نُسْنَنْ nusanna, nusanni, nusnan	تُسْنَنَّ tusnanna	يُسْنَنَّ yusnanna

Etymology 2

Verbal noun of سَنَّ (sanna).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /sann/

Noun

سَنّ • (sann) m

verbal noun of سَنَّ (sanna) (form I)
prescription, introduction, enactment

Declension

Declension of noun سَنّ (sann)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَنّ sann	السَّنّ as-sann	سَنّ sann
Nominative	سَنٌّ sannun	السَّنُّ as-sannu	سَنُّ sannu
Accusative	سَنًّا sannan	السَّنَّ as-sanna	سَنَّ sanna
Genitive	سَنٍّ sannin	السَّنِّ as-sanni	سَنِّ sanni

Etymology 3

From Proto-Semitic *šinn-. Cognate with Akkadian 𒅗 (šinnum), Aramaic שנא (šinā’), Ge'ez ስን (sən), and Hebrew שֵׁן (shén).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /sinn/
Audio: (file)

Noun

سِنّ • (sinn) f (plural أَسْنَان (ʔasnān) or أَسِنَّة (ʔasinna) or أَسُنّ (ʔasunn))

tooth, tusk, fang
أُنَظِّفُ أَسْنَانِي ― ʔunaẓẓifu ʔasnānī ― I am brushing my teeth
point or tip
a spearhead or arrowhead
age (years of life)
cog, sprocket, prong

Declension

Declension of noun سِنّ (sinn)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سِنّ sinn	السِّنّ as-sinn	سِنّ sinn
Nominative	سِنٌّ sinnun	السِّنُّ as-sinnu	سِنُّ sinnu
Accusative	سِنًّا sinnan	السِّنَّ as-sinna	سِنَّ sinna
Genitive	سِنٍّ sinnin	السِّنِّ as-sinni	سِنِّ sinni
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سِنَّيْن sinnayn	السِّنَّيْن as-sinnayn	سِنَّيْ sinnay
Nominative	سِنَّانِ sinnāni	السِّنَّانِ as-sinnāni	سِنَّا sinnā
Accusative	سِنَّيْنِ sinnayni	السِّنَّيْنِ as-sinnayni	سِنَّيْ sinnay
Genitive	سِنَّيْنِ sinnayni	السِّنَّيْنِ as-sinnayni	سِنَّيْ sinnay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote‎; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَسْنَان‎; أَسِنَّة‎; أَسُنّ ʔasnān‎; ʔasinna‎; ʔasunn	الْأَسْنَان‎; الْأَسِنَّة‎; الْأَسُنّ al-ʔasnān‎; al-ʔasinna‎; al-ʔasunn	أَسْنَان‎; أَسِنَّة‎; أَسُنّ ʔasnān‎; ʔasinnat‎; ʔasunn
Nominative	أَسْنَانٌ‎; أَسِنَّةٌ‎; أَسُنٌّ ʔasnānun‎; ʔasinnatun‎; ʔasunnun	الْأَسْنَانُ‎; الْأَسِنَّةُ‎; الْأَسُنُّ al-ʔasnānu‎; al-ʔasinnatu‎; al-ʔasunnu	أَسْنَانُ‎; أَسِنَّةُ‎; أَسُنُّ ʔasnānu‎; ʔasinnatu‎; ʔasunnu
Accusative	أَسْنَانًا‎; أَسِنَّةً‎; أَسُنًّا ʔasnānan‎; ʔasinnatan‎; ʔasunnan	الْأَسْنَانَ‎; الْأَسِنَّةَ‎; الْأَسُنَّ al-ʔasnāna‎; al-ʔasinnata‎; al-ʔasunna	أَسْنَانَ‎; أَسِنَّةَ‎; أَسُنَّ ʔasnāna‎; ʔasinnata‎; ʔasunna
Genitive	أَسْنَانٍ‎; أَسِنَّةٍ‎; أَسُنٍّ ʔasnānin‎; ʔasinnatin‎; ʔasunnin	الْأَسْنَانِ‎; الْأَسِنَّةِ‎; الْأَسُنِّ al-ʔasnāni‎; al-ʔasinnati‎; al-ʔasunni	أَسْنَانِ‎; أَسِنَّةِ‎; أَسُنِّ ʔasnāni‎; ʔasinnati‎; ʔasunni

Descendants

Gulf Arabic: سِنّ (senn)
Maltese: sinna
Moroccan Arabic: سنة (sanna)
South Levantine Arabic: سن (sinn)

References

^ “Sunna”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.

Azerbaijani

Pronoun

سن

Arabic spelling of sən (“you (singular)”)

Chagatai

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *sen (“thou”).

Pronoun

سن (sän)

you (singular, familiar), thou

Declension

Declension of Chagatai personal pronouns

	singular				plural
	1st person	2nd person		3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
	1st person	familiar	polite	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
nominative	من (män)	سن (sän)	سیز (siz)	اول, او (ul, u)	بیز (biz)	سیزلار (sizlär)	اولار, الار (ular, alar)
genitive	منينک (meniñ)	سنينک (seniñ)	سیزنينک (sizniñ)	اونينک, انينک (uniñ, aniñ)	بیزنينک (bizniñ)	سیزلارنينک (sizlärniñ)	اولارنينک (ularniñ)
dative	منکا, مانکا (maña)	سنکا, سانکا (saña)	سیزکە (sizgä)	اولارغە انکا (ularğa aña)	بیزکا (bizgä)	سیزلارکا (sizlärgä)	اولارغە (ularğa)
accusative	منی (meni)	سنی (seni)	سیزنی (sizni)	انی (ani)	بیزنی (bizni)	سیزلارنی (sizlärni)	اولارنی (ularni)
locative	مندە (mändä)	سندە (sändä)	سیزدە (sizdä)	اونينکدە, اندا, انينکدە (uniñda, anda, aniñda)	بیزدە (bizdä)	سیزلاردە (sizlärdä)	اولاردە (ularda)
ablative	مندين (mändin)	سندين (sändin)	سیزدين (sizdin)	اونينکدين, اندين, انينکدين (uniñdin, andin, aniñdin)	بیزدين (bizdin)	سیزلاردين (sizlärdin)	اولاردين (ulardin)

Karakhanid

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *sen (“thou”). Cognate with Turkish sen (“you”), -sin (“second person singular suffix”), Old Turkic 𐰾𐰤 (sen, “you”).

Pronoun

سَنْ (sen)

thou; you

Related terms

سِزْ (siz)

Postposition

سَنْ (sen)

Denotes "to be" for second person singular when at the end of an object; are.
Denotes second person singular after various tenses.

Usage notes

It can be said that the postposition acts as a suffix.

Khalaj

Pronoun

سَن (sən) (definite accusative مه‌نۆ, plural سیز)

Arabic spelling of sən (“you (singular), thou”)

Old Anatolian Turkish

Etymology

Inherited from Common Turkic *sen, from oblique forms of Proto-Turkic *sẹ.

Pronoun

سَنْ (sän)

thou, you (second person singular pronoun)

Descendants

Azerbaijani: sən
Gagauz: sän
Ottoman Turkish: سن (sen)
- Turkish: sen

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

From Proto-Turkic *sen.

Pronoun

سن • (sen)

you (singular), thou

Declension

declension of سن

	singular (مفرد)	plural (جمع)
nominative	سن (sen)	سز (siz)
genitive	سنڭ (seniñ)	سزڭ (siziñ)
dative	سڭا (saña)	سزه (size)
definite accusative	سنی (seni)	سزی (sizi)
locative	سنده (sende)	سزده (sizde)
ablative	سندن (senden)	سزدن (sizden)

Descendants

Turkish: sen

Etymology 2

From Arabic سِنّ (sinn).

Noun

سن • (sinn)

tooth
age

Etymology 3

Borrowed from French Seine.

Proper noun

سن • (Sen)

the Seine
- 1885–1886, Abdülhak Hâmid, دیوانه‌لكلرم یاخود بلده‎, page 11:
  اوچ فياقر اوزره کنار سنده
  Üç fiakr üzre kenar-ı Sende
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Descendants

Turkish: Sen

Persian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic سِنّ (sinn).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): ,

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): ,
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): ,
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): ,

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): ,

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key):

Readings
Classical reading^?	sinn, sin
Dari reading^?	sinn, sin
Iranian reading^?	senn, sen
Tajik reading^?	sin

Noun


Iranian Persian	سنّ
Dari	سنّ
Tajik	син

سِنّ • (senn)

age

Etymology 2

Borrowed from French scène.

Pronunciation

(Iran) IPA^(key): /sen/

Noun

سِن • (sen)

(Iran) stage
Synonym: صحنه (sahne)

Etymology 3

Possibly cognate with Proto-Slavic *sěno.

Alternative forms

سیان (sayân)

Noun

سن • (san)

(archaic) ivy

Etymology 4

Borrowed from French Seine.

Proper noun

سن • (sen)

(Iran) the Seine (French river)

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic سِنّ (sinn).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /sinn/,
Audio (Ramallah): (file)

Noun

سن • (sinn) m (plural سنان (snān))

tooth
فرشاية السنان ― furšāyet is-snān ― toothbrush

Audio (Ramallah): (file)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian (sinn), from Arabic سِنّ (sinn).

Pronunciation

(Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /sɪn/

Noun

سِن • (sin) m (Hindi spelling सिन)

age
Synonym: عمر (ʾumar)

References

“سن”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
“سن”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary , Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.

[1] “Sunna”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.

[1]

Arabic

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Descendants

References

Azerbaijani

Pronoun

Chagatai

Etymology

Pronoun

Declension

Karakhanid

Etymology

Pronoun

Related terms

Postposition

Usage notes

Khalaj

Pronoun

See also

Old Anatolian Turkish

Etymology

Pronoun

Descendants

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Pronoun

Declension

Descendants

Etymology 2

Noun

Etymology 3

Proper noun

Descendants

Persian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Etymology 3

Alternative forms

Noun

Etymology 4

Proper noun

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Urdu

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

References

Wikious

Boobota

Sagapedia