سوگند

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Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian سوگند (sawgand, “oath”).

Noun

سوگند • (sevgend)

  1. oath, vow, a solemn pledge or promise
    Synonyms: آند (and), قسم (kasem), یمین (yemin)

Further reading

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian swknd (sōgand, “oath”), from Avestan (/⁠saokanta⁠/, “sulphur”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewk- (“white”). Related to سوختن (sōxtan, “to burn”), and سوگ (sōg, “sadness, mourning”).

Originally سوگند (sowgand) was a sulphur-filled drink given to defendants to determine the truth based on their body reaction to Sulphur.

Pronunciation

 

Readings
Classical reading? sawgand
Dari reading? sawgand
Iranian reading? sowgand
Tajik reading? savgand

Noun

Dari سوگند
Iranian Persian
Tajik савганд

سوگند • (sowgand) (plural سوگندها (sowgand-hâ))

  1. oath

Inflection

    Enclitic-attached forms of سوگند (sowgand) (Iranian Persian)
    Basic forms of سوگند (sowgand)
singular plural
bare سوگند
(sowgand) 		سوگندها
(sowgand-hấ)
سوگندا △
(sowgandấ)
definitive direct object سوگند را
(sowgand râ)
سوگند رو △
(sowgando) 		سوگندها را
(sowgand-hấ râ)
سوگندا رو △
(sowgandấ ro)
ezâfe سوگند
(sowgand-e) 		سوگندهای
(sowgand-hấ-ye)
سوگندای △
(sowgandấ-ye)
marked indefinite
or relative definite 		سوگندی
(sowgand-i) 		سوگندهایی
(sowgandấn-i, sowgand-hấ-i)
سوگندایی △
(sowgandấi)
△ Colloquial.
    Possessive forms of سوگند (sowgand)
singular plural
1st person singular
(“my”) 		سوگندم
(sowgandam) 		سوگند‌هایم
(sowgand-hấyam)
سوگند‌هام، سوگندام △
(sowgandấm)
2nd person singular
(“your”) 		سوگندت
(sowgandat)
△
(sowgandet) 		سوگند‌هایت
(sowgand-hấyat)
سوگند‌هات، سوگندات △
(sowgandất)
3rd person singular
(“his, her, its”) 		سوگندش
(sowgandaš)
△
(sowgandeš) 		سوگند‌هایش
(sowgand-hấyaš)
سوگند‌هاش، سوگنداش △
(sowgandấš)
1st plural
(“our”) 		سوگندمان
(sowgandemân)
سوگندمون △
(sowgandemun) 		سوگند‌هایمان
(sowgand-hấyemân)
سوگند‌هامون، سوگندامون △
(sowgandấmun)
2nd plural
(“your”) 		سوگندتان
(sowgandetân)
سوگندتون △
(sowgandetun) 		سوگند‌هایتان
(sowgand-hấyetân)
سوگند‌هاتون، سوگنداتون △
(sowgandấtun)
3rd plural
(“their”) 		سوگندشان
(sowgandešân)
سوگندشون △
(sowgandešun) 		سوگند‌هایشان
(sowgand-hấyešân)
سوگند‌هاشون، سوگنداشون △
(sowgandấšun)
△ Colloquial.

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

  • → Ottoman Turkish: سوگند (sevgend)
  • → Azerbaijani: sövgənd

References

  1. ^ Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 235

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian سوگند (sawgand).

Noun

سوگند • (saugand) f (Hindi spelling सौगंद)

  1. oath, asseveration

Synonyms

References

  • John T. Platts (2012 November 15 (last accessed)) A Dictionary of Urdu, Classical Hindi, and English‎
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