شديد

Arabic

Adjective

شَدِيد • (šadīd) (feminine شَدِيدَة (šadīda), common plural شِدَاد (šidād), masculine plural شَدِيدُونَ (šadīdūna) or أَشِدَّاء (ʔašiddāʔ), feminine plural شَدِيدَات (šadīdāt) or شَدَائِد (šadāʔid), elative أَشَدّ (ʔašadd))

1. violent, strong, intense, severe, hard, difficult, acute, extreme
2. vigorous, powerful
3. persevering, firm
4. avaricious
5. thick, tight
6. oppressive
7. (phonetics) plosive
   • (Can we date this quote?), Sibawayh, “باب عدد الحروف العربية ومخارجها ومهموسها ومجهورها وأحوال مهموسها ومجهورها واختلافها”, in Al-Kitab:

     وَمِنَ ٱلْحُرُوفِ ٱلشَّدِيدُ، وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِي يَمْنَعُ ٱلصَّوْتَ أَنْ يَجْرِيَ فِيهِ، وَهُوَ ٱلْهَمْزَةُ وَٱلْقَافُ وَٱلْكَافُ وَٱلْجِيمُ وَٱلطَّاءُ وَٱلتَّاء وَٱلدَّالُ وَٱلْبَاءُ. وَذَلِكَ أَنَّكَ لَوْ قُلْتَ ”أَلْحَجْ“ ثُمَّ مَدَدْتَ صَوْتَكَ لَمْ يَجْرِ ذَلِكَ.

     wamina l-ḥurūfi š-šadīdu, wahuwa llaḏī yamnaʕu ṣ-ṣawta ʔan yajriya fīhi, wahuwa l-hamzatu wal-qāfu wal-kāfu wal-jīmu waṭ-ṭāʔu wat-tāʔ wad-dālu wal-bāʔu. waḏalika ʔannaka law qulta ”ʔalḥaj“ ṯumma madadta ṣawtaka lam yajri ḏalika.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

Descendants

• → Ottoman Turkish: شدید (şedid)
  • Turkish: şedit
• → Persian: شدید (šadid)

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “شديد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen

Sudanese Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic شَدِيد (šadīd).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃadiːd/

Adverb

شديد • (šadīd)

1. very
   • 2024 April 21 (last accessed), “الخليقة”, in Global Recordings Network‎:

     الله شاف كل الحاجات العمله كان كويس شديد، كان مبسوط بكل الحاجات.

     God saw that everything he had made was very good, he was very pleased with all of it.

Further reading

• “شديد” in The Living Arabic Project