شيص

Arabic

FWOTD – 16 June 2023

Alternative forms

شِيش (šīš), صِيص (ṣīṣ)

Etymology

Borrowed from Aramaic שִׁיצָא (šīṣā, “a somehow inferior quality of dates”), from Akkadian 𒅆𒍮𒌈 (ši-ṣu-tum /⁠šīṣūtū⁠/, “a quality of dates”), 𒊮𒋤 (ŠA₃.SUD /⁠šuṣū⁠/, “a quality of date palms and dates”), considered borrowed from Sumerian 𒊮𒋤 (ša₃.sud).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʃiːsˤ/

Noun

شِيص • (šīṣ) m (collective, singulative شِيصَة f (šīṣa))

dates of a palm that has not been fecundated and thus have not ripened with stones
- 7th century CE, Jamīʿ at-Tirmiḏiyy, section 47:
  يَأْتِي الرَّجُلُ بِالْقِنْوِ فِيهِ الشِّيصُ وَالْحَشَفُ وَبِالْقِنْوِ قَدِ انْكَسَرَ فَيُعَلِّقُهُ
  yaʔtī r-rajulu bi-l-qinwi fī-hī aš-šīṣu wa-l-ḥašafu wabi-l-qinwi qadi nkasara fa-yuʕalliqu-hū
  The man brings a cluster with infecund and wizened dates in it and a cluster with dates that suffered damage and suspends it.

Declension

Declension of noun شِيص (šīṣ)

Collective	basic collective triptote
Collective	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شِيص šīṣ	الشِّيص aš-šīṣ	شِيص šīṣ
Nominative	شِيصٌ šīṣun	الشِّيصُ aš-šīṣu	شِيصُ šīṣu
Accusative	شِيصًا šīṣan	الشِّيصَ aš-šīṣa	شِيصَ šīṣa
Genitive	شِيصٍ šīṣin	الشِّيصِ aš-šīṣi	شِيصِ šīṣi
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
Singulative	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شِيصَة šīṣa	الشِّيصَة aš-šīṣa	شِيصَة šīṣat
Nominative	شِيصَةٌ šīṣatun	الشِّيصَةُ aš-šīṣatu	شِيصَةُ šīṣatu
Accusative	شِيصَةً šīṣatan	الشِّيصَةَ aš-šīṣata	شِيصَةَ šīṣata
Genitive	شِيصَةٍ šīṣatin	الشِّيصَةِ aš-šīṣati	شِيصَةِ šīṣati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شِيصَتَيْن šīṣatayn	الشِّيصَتَيْن aš-šīṣatayn	شِيصَتَيْ šīṣatay
Nominative	شِيصَتَانِ šīṣatāni	الشِّيصَتَانِ aš-šīṣatāni	شِيصَتَا šīṣatā
Accusative	شِيصَتَيْنِ šīṣatayni	الشِّيصَتَيْنِ aš-šīṣatayni	شِيصَتَيْ šīṣatay
Genitive	شِيصَتَيْنِ šīṣatayni	الشِّيصَتَيْنِ aš-šīṣatayni	شِيصَتَيْ šīṣatay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
Paucal (3-10)	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شِيصَات šīṣāt	الشِّيصَات aš-šīṣāt	شِيصَات šīṣāt
Nominative	شِيصَاتٌ šīṣātun	الشِّيصَاتُ aš-šīṣātu	شِيصَاتُ šīṣātu
Accusative	شِيصَاتٍ šīṣātin	الشِّيصَاتِ aš-šīṣāti	شِيصَاتِ šīṣāti
Genitive	شِيصَاتٍ šīṣātin	الشِّيصَاتِ aš-šīṣāti	شِيصَاتِ šīṣāti

References

“شيص” in Almaany
“šyc”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
Freytag, Georg (1833) “شيص”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 471a–b
Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 146
Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “شيص”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎ (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, page 1297a
Lane, Edward William (1863) “شيص”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 1630c
Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen‎ (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 114
Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎ (in German), volume 2, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, page 341
Sokoloff, Michael (2002) “שִׁיצָא”, in A Dictionary of Jewish Babylonian Aramaic of the Talmudic and Geonic periods, Ramat Gan: Bar Ilan University, page 1139b
Zimmern, Heinrich (1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 54

شيص

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