صدف
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Arabic
| Root |
|---|
| ص د ف (ṣ d f) |
| 5 terms |
Verb
صَدَفَ • (ṣadafa) I (non-past يَصْدِفُ (yaṣdifu), verbal noun صَدْف (ṣadf))
- (transitive, construed with direct object and عَن (ʕan)) turn away from
Conjugation
Conjugation of صَدَفَ (I, sound, a ~ i, full passive, verbal noun صَدْف)
| verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
صَدْف ṣadf | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
صَادِف ṣādif | |||||||||||
| passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَصْدُوف maṣdūf | |||||||||||
| active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
| singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
| 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
| past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | صَدَفْتُ ṣadaftu |
صَدَفْتَ ṣadafta |
صَدَفَ ṣadafa |
صَدَفْتُمَا ṣadaftumā |
صَدَفَا ṣadafā |
صَدَفْنَا ṣadafnā |
صَدَفْتُمْ ṣadaftum |
صَدَفُوا ṣadafū | |||
| f | صَدَفْتِ ṣadafti |
صَدَفَتْ ṣadafat |
صَدَفَتَا ṣadafatā |
صَدَفْتُنَّ ṣadaftunna |
صَدَفْنَ ṣadafna | |||||||
| non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَصْدِفُ ʔaṣdifu |
تَصْدِفُ taṣdifu |
يَصْدِفُ yaṣdifu |
تَصْدِفَانِ taṣdifāni |
يَصْدِفَانِ yaṣdifāni |
نَصْدِفُ naṣdifu |
تَصْدِفُونَ taṣdifūna |
يَصْدِفُونَ yaṣdifūna | |||
| f | تَصْدِفِينَ taṣdifīna |
تَصْدِفُ taṣdifu |
تَصْدِفَانِ taṣdifāni |
تَصْدِفْنَ taṣdifna |
يَصْدِفْنَ yaṣdifna | |||||||
| subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَصْدِفَ ʔaṣdifa |
تَصْدِفَ taṣdifa |
يَصْدِفَ yaṣdifa |
تَصْدِفَا taṣdifā |
يَصْدِفَا yaṣdifā |
نَصْدِفَ naṣdifa |
تَصْدِفُوا taṣdifū |
يَصْدِفُوا yaṣdifū | |||
| f | تَصْدِفِي taṣdifī |
تَصْدِفَ taṣdifa |
تَصْدِفَا taṣdifā |
تَصْدِفْنَ taṣdifna |
يَصْدِفْنَ yaṣdifna | |||||||
| jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَصْدِفْ ʔaṣdif |
تَصْدِفْ taṣdif |
يَصْدِفْ yaṣdif |
تَصْدِفَا taṣdifā |
يَصْدِفَا yaṣdifā |
نَصْدِفْ naṣdif |
تَصْدِفُوا taṣdifū |
يَصْدِفُوا yaṣdifū | |||
| f | تَصْدِفِي taṣdifī |
تَصْدِفْ taṣdif |
تَصْدِفَا taṣdifā |
تَصْدِفْنَ taṣdifna |
يَصْدِفْنَ yaṣdifna | |||||||
| imperative الْأَمْر |
m | اِصْدِفْ iṣdif |
اِصْدِفَا iṣdifā |
اِصْدِفُوا iṣdifū |
||||||||
| f | اِصْدِفِي iṣdifī |
اِصْدِفْنَ iṣdifna | ||||||||||
| passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
| singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
| 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
| past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | صُدِفْتُ ṣudiftu |
صُدِفْتَ ṣudifta |
صُدِفَ ṣudifa |
صُدِفْتُمَا ṣudiftumā |
صُدِفَا ṣudifā |
صُدِفْنَا ṣudifnā |
صُدِفْتُمْ ṣudiftum |
صُدِفُوا ṣudifū | |||
| f | صُدِفْتِ ṣudifti |
صُدِفَتْ ṣudifat |
صُدِفَتَا ṣudifatā |
صُدِفْتُنَّ ṣudiftunna |
صُدِفْنَ ṣudifna | |||||||
| non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُصْدَفُ ʔuṣdafu |
تُصْدَفُ tuṣdafu |
يُصْدَفُ yuṣdafu |
تُصْدَفَانِ tuṣdafāni |
يُصْدَفَانِ yuṣdafāni |
نُصْدَفُ nuṣdafu |
تُصْدَفُونَ tuṣdafūna |
يُصْدَفُونَ yuṣdafūna | |||
| f | تُصْدَفِينَ tuṣdafīna |
تُصْدَفُ tuṣdafu |
تُصْدَفَانِ tuṣdafāni |
تُصْدَفْنَ tuṣdafna |
يُصْدَفْنَ yuṣdafna | |||||||
| subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُصْدَفَ ʔuṣdafa |
تُصْدَفَ tuṣdafa |
يُصْدَفَ yuṣdafa |
تُصْدَفَا tuṣdafā |
يُصْدَفَا yuṣdafā |
نُصْدَفَ nuṣdafa |
تُصْدَفُوا tuṣdafū |
يُصْدَفُوا yuṣdafū | |||
| f | تُصْدَفِي tuṣdafī |
تُصْدَفَ tuṣdafa |
تُصْدَفَا tuṣdafā |
تُصْدَفْنَ tuṣdafna |
يُصْدَفْنَ yuṣdafna | |||||||
| jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُصْدَفْ ʔuṣdaf |
تُصْدَفْ tuṣdaf |
يُصْدَفْ yuṣdaf |
تُصْدَفَا tuṣdafā |
يُصْدَفَا yuṣdafā |
نُصْدَفْ nuṣdaf |
تُصْدَفُوا tuṣdafū |
يُصْدَفُوا yuṣdafū | |||
| f | تُصْدَفِي tuṣdafī |
تُصْدَفْ tuṣdaf |
تُصْدَفَا tuṣdafā |
تُصْدَفْنَ tuṣdafna |
يُصْدَفْنَ yuṣdafna | |||||||
Verb
صَدَفَ • (ṣadafa) I (non-past يَصْدِفُ (yaṣdifu), verbal noun صَدْف (ṣadf) or صُدُوف (ṣudūf))
- (intransitive, construed with عَن (ʕan)) turn away from, avoid, shun
Conjugation
Conjugation of صَدَفَ (I, sound, a ~ i, impersonal passive (?), verbal nouns صَدْف, صُدُوف)
| verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
صَدْف, صُدُوف ṣadf, ṣudūf | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
صَادِف ṣādif | |||||||||||
| passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَصْدُوف maṣdūf | |||||||||||
| active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
| singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
| 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
| past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | صَدَفْتُ ṣadaftu |
صَدَفْتَ ṣadafta |
صَدَفَ ṣadafa |
صَدَفْتُمَا ṣadaftumā |
صَدَفَا ṣadafā |
صَدَفْنَا ṣadafnā |
صَدَفْتُمْ ṣadaftum |
صَدَفُوا ṣadafū | |||
| f | صَدَفْتِ ṣadafti |
صَدَفَتْ ṣadafat |
صَدَفَتَا ṣadafatā |
صَدَفْتُنَّ ṣadaftunna |
صَدَفْنَ ṣadafna | |||||||
| non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَصْدِفُ ʔaṣdifu |
تَصْدِفُ taṣdifu |
يَصْدِفُ yaṣdifu |
تَصْدِفَانِ taṣdifāni |
يَصْدِفَانِ yaṣdifāni |
نَصْدِفُ naṣdifu |
تَصْدِفُونَ taṣdifūna |
يَصْدِفُونَ yaṣdifūna | |||
| f | تَصْدِفِينَ taṣdifīna |
تَصْدِفُ taṣdifu |
تَصْدِفَانِ taṣdifāni |
تَصْدِفْنَ taṣdifna |
يَصْدِفْنَ yaṣdifna | |||||||
| subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَصْدِفَ ʔaṣdifa |
تَصْدِفَ taṣdifa |
يَصْدِفَ yaṣdifa |
تَصْدِفَا taṣdifā |
يَصْدِفَا yaṣdifā |
نَصْدِفَ naṣdifa |
تَصْدِفُوا taṣdifū |
يَصْدِفُوا yaṣdifū | |||
| f | تَصْدِفِي taṣdifī |
تَصْدِفَ taṣdifa |
تَصْدِفَا taṣdifā |
تَصْدِفْنَ taṣdifna |
يَصْدِفْنَ yaṣdifna | |||||||
| jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَصْدِفْ ʔaṣdif |
تَصْدِفْ taṣdif |
يَصْدِفْ yaṣdif |
تَصْدِفَا taṣdifā |
يَصْدِفَا yaṣdifā |
نَصْدِفْ naṣdif |
تَصْدِفُوا taṣdifū |
يَصْدِفُوا yaṣdifū | |||
| f | تَصْدِفِي taṣdifī |
تَصْدِفْ taṣdif |
تَصْدِفَا taṣdifā |
تَصْدِفْنَ taṣdifna |
يَصْدِفْنَ yaṣdifna | |||||||
| imperative الْأَمْر |
m | اِصْدِفْ iṣdif |
اِصْدِفَا iṣdifā |
اِصْدِفُوا iṣdifū |
||||||||
| f | اِصْدِفِي iṣdifī |
اِصْدِفْنَ iṣdifna | ||||||||||
| passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
| singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
| 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
| past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | — | — | صُدِفَ ṣudifa |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
| f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | — | — | يُصْدَفُ yuṣdafu |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
| f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | — | — | يُصْدَفَ yuṣdafa |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
| f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | — | — | يُصْدَفْ yuṣdaf |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
| f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
Noun
صَدَف • (ṣadaf) m (plural أَصْدَاف (ʔaṣdāf))
- highest part, top
- mountain cutting
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 18:96:
- آتُونِي زُبَرَ الْحَدِيدِ حَتَّىٰ إِذَا سَاوَىٰ بَيْنَ الصَّدَفَيْنِ قَالَ ٱنْفُخُوا حَتَّىٰ إِذَا جَعَلَهُ نَارًا قَالَ آتُونِي أُفْرِغْ عَلَيْهِ قِطْرًا
- ʔātūnī zubara l-ḥadīdi ḥattā ʔiḏā sāwā bayna aṣ-ṣadafayni qāla nfuḵū ḥattā ʔiḏā jaʕalahū nāran qāla ʔātūnī ʔufriḡ ʕalayhi qiṭran
- “Give me bits of iron.” Until he dumped equally high between the two mountain cuttings. He said: “Blow.” Till he made fire. He said: “Bring me molten copper I pour upon it.“
Declension
Declension of noun صَدَف (ṣadaf)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | صَدَف ṣadaf |
الصَّدَف aṣ-ṣadaf |
صَدَف ṣadaf |
| Nominative | صَدَفٌ ṣadafun |
الصَّدَفُ aṣ-ṣadafu |
صَدَفُ ṣadafu |
| Accusative | صَدَفًا ṣadafan |
الصَّدَفَ aṣ-ṣadafa |
صَدَفَ ṣadafa |
| Genitive | صَدَفٍ ṣadafin |
الصَّدَفِ aṣ-ṣadafi |
صَدَفِ ṣadafi |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | صَدَفَيْن ṣadafayn |
الصَّدَفَيْن aṣ-ṣadafayn |
صَدَفَيْ ṣadafay |
| Nominative | صَدَفَانِ ṣadafāni |
الصَّدَفَانِ aṣ-ṣadafāni |
صَدَفَا ṣadafā |
| Accusative | صَدَفَيْنِ ṣadafayni |
الصَّدَفَيْنِ aṣ-ṣadafayni |
صَدَفَيْ ṣadafay |
| Genitive | صَدَفَيْنِ ṣadafayni |
الصَّدَفَيْنِ aṣ-ṣadafayni |
صَدَفَيْ ṣadafay |
| Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | أَصْدَاف ʔaṣdāf |
الْأَصْدَاف al-ʔaṣdāf |
أَصْدَاف ʔaṣdāf |
| Nominative | أَصْدَافٌ ʔaṣdāfun |
الْأَصْدَافُ al-ʔaṣdāfu |
أَصْدَافُ ʔaṣdāfu |
| Accusative | أَصْدَافًا ʔaṣdāfan |
الْأَصْدَافَ al-ʔaṣdāfa |
أَصْدَافَ ʔaṣdāfa |
| Genitive | أَصْدَافٍ ʔaṣdāfin |
الْأَصْدَافِ al-ʔaṣdāfi |
أَصْدَافِ ʔaṣdāfi |
Noun
صَدَف • (ṣadaf) m (collective, singulative صَدَفَة f (ṣadafa), plural أَصْدَاف (ʔaṣdāf))
Declension
Declension of noun صَدَف (ṣadaf)
| Collective | basic collective triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | صَدَف ṣadaf |
الصَّدَف aṣ-ṣadaf |
صَدَف ṣadaf |
| Nominative | صَدَفٌ ṣadafun |
الصَّدَفُ aṣ-ṣadafu |
صَدَفُ ṣadafu |
| Accusative | صَدَفًا ṣadafan |
الصَّدَفَ aṣ-ṣadafa |
صَدَفَ ṣadafa |
| Genitive | صَدَفٍ ṣadafin |
الصَّدَفِ aṣ-ṣadafi |
صَدَفِ ṣadafi |
| Singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | صَدَفَة ṣadafa |
الصَّدَفَة aṣ-ṣadafa |
صَدَفَة ṣadafat |
| Nominative | صَدَفَةٌ ṣadafatun |
الصَّدَفَةُ aṣ-ṣadafatu |
صَدَفَةُ ṣadafatu |
| Accusative | صَدَفَةً ṣadafatan |
الصَّدَفَةَ aṣ-ṣadafata |
صَدَفَةَ ṣadafata |
| Genitive | صَدَفَةٍ ṣadafatin |
الصَّدَفَةِ aṣ-ṣadafati |
صَدَفَةِ ṣadafati |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | صَدَفَتَيْن ṣadafatayn |
الصَّدَفَتَيْن aṣ-ṣadafatayn |
صَدَفَتَيْ ṣadafatay |
| Nominative | صَدَفَتَانِ ṣadafatāni |
الصَّدَفَتَانِ aṣ-ṣadafatāni |
صَدَفَتَا ṣadafatā |
| Accusative | صَدَفَتَيْنِ ṣadafatayni |
الصَّدَفَتَيْنِ aṣ-ṣadafatayni |
صَدَفَتَيْ ṣadafatay |
| Genitive | صَدَفَتَيْنِ ṣadafatayni |
الصَّدَفَتَيْنِ aṣ-ṣadafatayni |
صَدَفَتَيْ ṣadafatay |
| Paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | صَدَفَات ṣadafāt |
الصَّدَفَات aṣ-ṣadafāt |
صَدَفَات ṣadafāt |
| Nominative | صَدَفَاتٌ ṣadafātun |
الصَّدَفَاتُ aṣ-ṣadafātu |
صَدَفَاتُ ṣadafātu |
| Accusative | صَدَفَاتٍ ṣadafātin |
الصَّدَفَاتِ aṣ-ṣadafāti |
صَدَفَاتِ ṣadafāti |
| Genitive | صَدَفَاتٍ ṣadafātin |
الصَّدَفَاتِ aṣ-ṣadafāti |
صَدَفَاتِ ṣadafāti |
| Plural of variety | basic broken plural triptote | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | أَصْدَاف ʔaṣdāf |
الْأَصْدَاف al-ʔaṣdāf |
أَصْدَاف ʔaṣdāf |
| Nominative | أَصْدَافٌ ʔaṣdāfun |
الْأَصْدَافُ al-ʔaṣdāfu |
أَصْدَافُ ʔaṣdāfu |
| Accusative | أَصْدَافًا ʔaṣdāfan |
الْأَصْدَافَ al-ʔaṣdāfa |
أَصْدَافَ ʔaṣdāfa |
| Genitive | أَصْدَافٍ ʔaṣdāfin |
الْأَصْدَافِ al-ʔaṣdāfi |
أَصْدَافِ ʔaṣdāfi |
Descendants
- → Armenian: սադափ (sadapʻ), սադաֆ (sadaf)
- → Azerbaijani: sədəf
- → Georgian: სადაფი (sadapi), ზადაპი (zadaṗi)
- → Hebrew: צדף (tsedef)
- → Kazakh: седеп (sedep)
- → Kyrgyz: седеп (sedep)
- → Middle Armenian: սատաֆ (sataf), սատապ (satap), սատափ (satapʻ), սադաֆ (sadaf)
- → Ottoman Turkish: صدف (sedef)
- → Persian: صدف (sadaf)
- → Pashto: صدف (sadáf)
- → Turkmen: sadap
- → Uyghur: سەدەپ (sedep)
- → Uzbek: sadaf
Noun
صَدْف • (ṣadf) m
- verbal noun of صَدَفَ (ṣadafa, “turn away from”) (form I)
Declension
Declension of noun صَدْف (ṣadf)
Noun
صُدَف • (ṣudaf) pl
Persian
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic صَدَف (ṣadaf).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key):
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key):
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key):
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | saḏaf |
| Dari reading? | sadaf |
| Iranian reading? | sadaf |
| Tajik reading? | sadaf |
Noun
صدف • (sadaf) (plural صدفها (sadaf-hâ))
- shell, seashell
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 2677:
- خود چه گویم پیش آن در این صدف / نیست الا کف کف کف کف
- xwad či goyad peš ân dar in sadaf / nest alâ kaf-i-kaf-i-kaf-i-kaf
- What indeed shall I say? Compared with that pearl (Divine clemency) this oyster-shell (human clemency) is naught but the foam of the foam of the foam of foam.
Proper noun
صدف • (sadaf)
- a female given name, Sadaf, from Arabic