صفر

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See also: صقر and ص ف ر

Arabic

Etymology 1

From ص ف ر (ṣ f r, void), supposedly because pagan Arabs looted during this month and left the houses empty.

Pronunciation

Proper noun

صَفَر (ṣafarm (plural أَصْفَار (ʔaṣfār))

  1. Safar, the second of the twelve months of the Muslim lunar calendar, each beginning with a new moon.
Declension
See also
Hijri calendar months in Arabic · الْأَشْهُر فِي التَّقْوِيمِ الْهِجْرِيّ (al-ʔašhur fī at-taqwīmi al-hijriyy) (layout · text)
Muharram Safar Rabi I Rabi II
اَلْمُحَرَّم (al-muḥarram)
مُحَرَّم (muḥarram)
صَفَر (ṣafar) رَبِيع الْأَوَّل (rabīʕ al-ʔawwal) رَبِيع الْآخِر (rabīʕ al-ʔāḵir)
رَبِيع الثَّانِي (rabīʕ aṯ-ṯānī)
Jumada I Jumada II Rajab Sha'ban
جُمَادَى الْأُولَى (jumādā l-ʔūlā) جُمَادَى الْآخِرَة (jumādā l-ʔāḵira)
جُمَادَى الثَّانِي (jumādā ṯ-ṯānī)
رَجَب (rajab) شَعْبَان (šaʕbān)
Ramadan Shawwal Dhu'l-Qa'da Dhu'l-Hijja
رَمَضَان (ramaḍān) شَوَّال (šawwāl) ذُو الْقَعْدَة (ḏū l-qaʕda) ذُو الْحِجَّة (ḏū l-ḥijja)

Etymology 2

Root
ص ف ر (ṣ-f-r)

Verb

صَفِرَ (ṣafira) I, non-past يَصْفَرُ‎ (yaṣfaru)

  1. to be empty, to be devoid, to be vacant
Conjugation

Etymology 3

Causative of صَفِرَ (ṣafira, to be empty).

Verb

صَفَّرَ (ṣaffara) II, non-past يُصَفِّرُ‎ (yuṣaffiru)

  1. to empty, to void, to vacate, to evacuate, to free
Conjugation

Etymology 4

Root
ص ف ر (ṣ-f-r)

Compare صَفِرَ (ṣafira, to be empty).

Adjective

صَفْر or صِفْر or صُفْر or صَفِر or صُفُر (ṣafr or ṣifr or ṣufr or ṣafir or ṣufur) (masculine plural أَصْفَار (ʔaṣfār), elative أَصْفَر (ʔaṣfar))

  1. empty, void, devoid, free from
Declension

Etymology 5

Arabic numbers (edit)
٠
0
1  →  10  → 
    Cardinal: صِفْر (ṣifr)
    Ordinal: صِفْرِيّ (ṣifriyy)

Semantic loan from Sanskrit शून्य (śūnya), also with the original meaning of empty, void. Compare صَفْر (ṣafr, empty, void) (also صِفْر (ṣifr)).

Pronunciation

Numeral

صِفْر (ṣifrm (plural أَصْفَار (ʔaṣfār))

  1. zero
    Eastern Arabic numeral: ٠ (0)
Declension
Descendants

Etymology 6

Causative from the root ص ف ر (ṣ-f-r), from which the color or defect adjective أَصْفَر (ʔaṣfar, yellow) also comes.

Verb

صَفَّرَ (ṣaffara) II, non-past يُصَفِّرُ‎ (yuṣaffiru)

  1. to dye yellow, to make yellow, to color yellow
Conjugation

Etymology 7

Related to أَصْفَر (ʔaṣfar, yellow), from the root ص ف ر (ṣ-f-r).

Noun

صُفْر or صُفَّر (ṣufr or ṣuffarm

  1. brass
  2. money
Declension
Descendants
  • Lishana Deni: צפר (ṣəfər, copper)

Etymology 8

In its meaning "jaundice", related to أَصْفَر (ʔaṣfar, yellow), from the root ص ف ر (ṣ-f-r).

Noun

صَفَر (ṣafarm

  1. verbal noun of صَفِرَ (ṣafira) (form I)
  2. (medicine) jaundice
Declension

Etymology 9

Inflected form.

Adjective

صُفْر (ṣufrm pl

  1. plural of أَصْفَر (ʔaṣfar, yellow)

Etymology 10

Root
ص ف ر (ṣ-f-r)

Verb

صَفَرَ (ṣafara) I, non-past يَصْفِرُ‎ (yaṣfiru)

  1. to whistle
  2. to hiss
  3. to chirp, to stridulate
  4. to scream (of a siren)
Conjugation

Etymology 11

Presumably, originally an intensive of صَفَرَ (ṣafara, to whistle, hiss, chirp), later losing its intensive sense.

Verb

صَفَّرَ (ṣaffara) II, non-past يُصَفِّرُ‎ (yuṣaffiru)

  1. to whistle
  2. to hiss
  3. to chirp, to stridulate
  4. to scream (of a siren)
Conjugation

Egyptian Arabic

Root
ص ف ر
1 term

Etymology 1

Verb

صفر (ṣafar) I (non-past يصفر (yuṣfur))

  1. to whistle
    الريح بيصفر في الشباك
    ir-rīḥ biyuṣfur fi š-šibbāk
    The wind whistles at the window.
Conjugation

Verb

صفر (ṣaffar) I (non-past يصفر (yiṣaffar))

  1. to whistle
Conjugation

Etymology 2

Egyptian Arabic numbers (edit)
0 1  →  10  → 
    Cardinal: صفر

Numeral

صفر (ṣifrm (plural أصفار (ʔaṣfār) or صفار (ṣifār))

  1. zero
    صفر ع الشمال
    ṣifr ʕa š-šimāl
    zero on the left side (something worthless)

Malay

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic صَفَر (ṣafar).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Proper noun

صفر (Rumi spelling Safar)

  1. Safar (the second month of the Islamic calendar)
Synonyms
See also

Etymology 2

Malay cardinal numbers
٠ ١  > 
    Cardinal : صفر

Borrowed from Arabic صِفْر (ṣifr).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Numeral

صفر (Rumi spelling sifar)

  1. zero
Synonyms

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic أَصْفَر (ʔaṣfar).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sˤfar/
  • (file)

Adjective

صفر (ṣfar) (feminine صفرا (ṣafra), common plural صوفر (ṣūfer), masculine plural صفرين (ṣafrīn), feminine plural صفرات (ṣafrāt), elative أصفر (ʔaṣfar) or صفر (ṣfar))

  1. yellow

See also

Colors in Moroccan Arabic · ألوان (ʔalwān) (layout · text)
     بيض (byaḍ)      رمادي (rmādi)      كحل (kḥal)
             حمر (ḥmar); قرمزي (qarmzi)              ليموني (līmūni, laymūni), لتشيني (litšīni); قهوي (qahwi)              صفر (ṣfar)
             ليمي (līmi)              خضر (ḵḍar)              نعناعي (naʕnāʕi)
             سماوي (smāwi)              لازوردي (lāzūrdi)              زرق (zraq)
             قوقي (qūqi), موڤ (mūv), بنفسجي (banafsaji)              أرجواني (ʔurjwāni)              وردي (wardi), فجلي (fajli)

Ottoman Turkish

Ottoman Turkish cardinal numbers
0 1  > 
    Cardinal : صفر (sıfr)
    Ordinal : صفرنجی (sıfrıncı)

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic صِفْر (ṣifr).

Numeral

صفر (sıfr, sıfır)

  1. zero (0)
    Next number: بر (bir) (1)

Noun

صفر (sıfır)

  1. nought, naught, zero
Descendants

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic صَفَر (ṣafar).

Noun

صفر (safer)

  1. Safar
Descendants

Persian

Persian numbers (edit)
۰
0
1  →  10  → 
    Cardinal: صفر (sefr)

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic صَفَر (ṣafar).

Pronunciation

Readings
Classical reading? safar
Dari reading? safar
Iranian reading? safar
Tajik reading? safar

Proper noun

صَفَر (safar)

  1. Safar

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic صِفْر (ṣifr).

Pronunciation

Readings
Classical reading? sifr
Dari reading? sifr
Iranian reading? sefr
Tajik reading? sifr

Noun

صِفْر (sefr)

  1. nought, naught, cipher, zero

South Levantine Arabic

South Levantine Arabic numbers (edit)
٠
0
1  →  10  → 
    Cardinal: صفر

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Arabic صِفْر (ṣifr).

Pronunciation

Numeral

صفر (ṣifr)

  1. zero

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian صِفْر (sifr), from Arabic صِفْر (ṣifr).

Numeral

Urdu numbers (edit)
۰
0
1  →  10  → 
    Cardinal: صِفْر (sifr)
    Ordinal: صِفَرْواں (sifarvā̃)

صِفْر (sifrm (Hindi spelling सिफ़र)

  1. zero

Declension

Declension of صفر
singular plural
direct صفر (sifr) صفر (sifr)
oblique صفر (sifr) صفروں (sifrō̃)
vocative صفر (sifr) صفرو (sifrō)

Noun

صِفْر (sifrm (Hindi spelling सिफ़र)

  1. nought, naught, cipher, zero