صوم

Compare with Hebrew צוֹם (ṣōm), Ge'ez ጾም (ṣom, “fast”), Ugaritic 𐎑𐎎 (ẓm, “fast”). Nöldeke was convinced that the meaning “to fast” is borrowed from the Aramaic צומא / ܨܰܘܡܳܐ (ṣōmā, ṣawmā, “fast”), referring to the verb’s meaning “to stand still”, Jeffery says that the Arabic verb is “obviously denominative from صَوْم (ṣawm)” and notes that the term is only used in late Qurʾānic passages. Cognate with Armenian ծոմ (com, “fast”) from Aramaic.

• IPA^(key): /sˤawm/

صَوْم • (ṣawm) m

1. verbal noun of صَامَ (ṣāma) (form I)
   1. fast, sawm (period of abstainment, usually from food and drink)

• صِيَام (ṣiyām)

• صَلَاة (ṣalāh, “prayer, salat”)
• زَكَاة (zakāh, “almsgiving, zakat”)
• دُعَاء (duʕāʔ, “supplication, du'a'”)

• Freytag, Georg (1833) “صوم”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 534
• Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 201–202
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “صوم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate
• Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft‎ (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 36

Verb form II from the root ص و م (ṣ-w-m).

• IPA^(key): /sˤaw.wa.ma/

صَوَّمَ • (ṣawwama) II, non-past يُصَوِّمُ‎ (yuṣawwimu)

1. to cause to fast

From Arabic صَوْم (ṣawm).

• IPA^(key): /sˤoːm/,

صوم • (ṣōm) m

1. fast (abstainment, usually from food and drink)

   Synonym: صِيَام (ṣiyām)

From Arabic صَوْم (ṣawm). Equivalent to the verbal noun of صام (ṣām, “to fast”).

• IPA^(key): /sˤoːm/,

• Audio (Ramallah):

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صوم • (ṣōm) m

1. fast (abstainment, usually from food and drink)

   Synonym: صيام (ṣyām)