عذاب

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Arabic

Root
ع ذ ب (ʕ-ḏ-b)

Etymology

Compare عَذَّبَ (ʕaḏḏaba, “to torment”) and تَعَذَّبَ (taʕaḏḏaba).

Pronunciation

Noun

عَذَاب • (ʕaḏāb) m

  1. torture, torment, punishment
    Antonym: رَحْمَة (raḥma)
    • 7th century CE, The Quran‎:
      إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَا نُوحًا إِلَى قَوْمِهِ أَنْ أَنْذِرْ قَوْمَكَ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ
      ʔinnā ʔarsalnā nūḥan ʔilā qawmihi ʔan ʔanḏir qawmaka min qabli ʔan yaʔtiyahum ʕaḏābun ʔalīmun
      Lo! We sent Noah unto his people (saying): Warn thy people ere the painful doom come unto them.
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 88:23-24:
      إِلَّا مَن تَوَلَّىٰ وَكَفَرَ / فَيُعَذِّبُهُ اللَّهُ الْعَذَابَ الْأَكْبَرَ
      ʔillā man tawallā wakafara / fayuʕaḏḏibuhu l-lahu al-ʕaḏāba al-ʔakbara
      But whoso is averse and disbelieveth, Allah will punish him with direst punishment.
  2. torment (“extreme pain”), agony, suffering, pain
    Antonym: نَعِيم (naʕīm)

Declension

Declension of noun عَذَاب (ʕaḏāb)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal عَذَاب
ʕaḏāb 		الْعَذَاب
al-ʕaḏāb 		عَذَاب
ʕaḏāb
Nominative عَذَابٌ
ʕaḏābun 		الْعَذَابُ
al-ʕaḏābu 		عَذَابُ
ʕaḏābu
Accusative عَذَابًا
ʕaḏāban 		الْعَذَابَ
al-ʕaḏāba 		عَذَابَ
ʕaḏāba
Genitive عَذَابٍ
ʕaḏābin 		الْعَذَابِ
al-ʕaḏābi 		عَذَابِ
ʕaḏābi

Descendants

Persian

Etymology

From Arabic عَذَاب (ʕaḏāb).

Noun

عذاب • ('azâb)

  1. torture
  2. torment
  3. punishment

Urdu

Etymology

From Classical Persian عذاب ('azāb), from Arabic عَذَاب (ʕaḏāb).

Noun

عذاب • ('azāb) m (Hindi spelling अज़ाब)

  1. torture
  2. torment
  3. punishment
  4. doom

Ushojo

Etymology

From Urdu عذاب ('azāb).

Noun

عذاب ('azāb)

  1. torture
  2. torment
  3. punishment
  4. doom
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