عوسج
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Arabic
Etymology
Put to Akkadian 𒀀𒊭𒄖 (ašāgu), though CAD rather wants to connect شَوْك (šawk) glossing both – while the latter is just the usual word for “thorns” – Prosopis farcta, which is known as يَنْبُوت (yanbūt); the term is used at Boğazköy in place of 𒀀𒄯𒁷𒉡 (amurdinnu) which is a thornbush noted for berries and beverage, plausibly boxthorn Lycium, camelthorn bush Alhagi, or just bramble Rubus, however is also found in equivalence with 𒀀𒄖𒌋 (agû), 𒂊𒄖𒌋 (egû), حَاج (ḥāj, “Alhagi”): 𒄿𒄀 (igi) = 𒀀𒃻𒄖 (ašāgu). Compare also the Iranian أُشَّق (ʔuššaq, “Ferula marmarica, Ferula aucheri, Ferula ammoniacum”).
Pronunciation
Noun
عَوْسَج • (ʕawsaj) m (collective, singulative عَوْسَجَة f (ʕawsaja))
- species of plants in genus Lycium, particularly:
Declension
Declension of noun عَوْسَج (ʕawsaj)
| Collective | basic collective triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | عَوْسَج ʕawsaj |
الْعَوْسَج al-ʕawsaj |
عَوْسَج ʕawsaj |
| Nominative | عَوْسَجٌ ʕawsajun |
الْعَوْسَجُ al-ʕawsaju |
عَوْسَجُ ʕawsaju |
| Accusative | عَوْسَجًا ʕawsajan |
الْعَوْسَجَ al-ʕawsaja |
عَوْسَجَ ʕawsaja |
| Genitive | عَوْسَجٍ ʕawsajin |
الْعَوْسَجِ al-ʕawsaji |
عَوْسَجِ ʕawsaji |
| Singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | عَوْسَجَة ʕawsaja |
الْعَوْسَجَة al-ʕawsaja |
عَوْسَجَة ʕawsajat |
| Nominative | عَوْسَجَةٌ ʕawsajatun |
الْعَوْسَجَةُ al-ʕawsajatu |
عَوْسَجَةُ ʕawsajatu |
| Accusative | عَوْسَجَةً ʕawsajatan |
الْعَوْسَجَةَ al-ʕawsajata |
عَوْسَجَةَ ʕawsajata |
| Genitive | عَوْسَجَةٍ ʕawsajatin |
الْعَوْسَجَةِ al-ʕawsajati |
عَوْسَجَةِ ʕawsajati |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | عَوْسَجَتَيْن ʕawsajatayn |
الْعَوْسَجَتَيْن al-ʕawsajatayn |
عَوْسَجَتَيْ ʕawsajatay |
| Nominative | عَوْسَجَتَانِ ʕawsajatāni |
الْعَوْسَجَتَانِ al-ʕawsajatāni |
عَوْسَجَتَا ʕawsajatā |
| Accusative | عَوْسَجَتَيْنِ ʕawsajatayni |
الْعَوْسَجَتَيْنِ al-ʕawsajatayni |
عَوْسَجَتَيْ ʕawsajatay |
| Genitive | عَوْسَجَتَيْنِ ʕawsajatayni |
الْعَوْسَجَتَيْنِ al-ʕawsajatayni |
عَوْسَجَتَيْ ʕawsajatay |
| Paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | عَوْسَجَات ʕawsajāt |
الْعَوْسَجَات al-ʕawsajāt |
عَوْسَجَات ʕawsajāt |
| Nominative | عَوْسَجَاتٌ ʕawsajātun |
الْعَوْسَجَاتُ al-ʕawsajātu |
عَوْسَجَاتُ ʕawsajātu |
| Accusative | عَوْسَجَاتٍ ʕawsajātin |
الْعَوْسَجَاتِ al-ʕawsajāti |
عَوْسَجَاتِ ʕawsajāti |
| Genitive | عَوْسَجَاتٍ ʕawsajātin |
الْعَوْسَجَاتِ al-ʕawsajāti |
عَوْسَجَاتِ ʕawsajāti |
Descendants
- Maltese: għawseġ
- Najdi Arabic: عوسج (ʕōsaj), عوشج (ʕōšaj), عوشز (ʕōšaz)
- → Middle Armenian: յասվաճ (yasvač), յավսաճ (yavsač), յավզաճ (yavzač)
References
- Freytag, Georg (1835) “عوسج”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 154
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “عوسج”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 2042
- Haupt, Paul (1910) “Elul und Adar”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (in German), volume 64, page 714
- Fitting, Hans, Littmann, Enno (1911) “Arabische Pflanzennamen aus der Umgegend von Biskra (Algerien)”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (in German), volume 65, pages 344–345
- Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden (in German), volume 3, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, page 362
- Thompson, Reginald Campbell (1941) Cyril John Gadd, editor, A Dictionary of Assyrian Botany, London: The British Academy, published 1949, page 182
- Mandaville, James Paul (2011) Bedouin Ethnobotany. Plant Concepts and Uses in a Desert Pastoral World, Tuscon: University of Arizona Press, →ISBN, page 243
- Pick, Hermann (1903) Assyrisches und Talmudisches. Kulturgeschichtliche und lexikalische Notizen (in German), Berlin: S. Calvary & Co., page 32
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “عوسج”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 839
- “ašāgu”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD), volume 1, A, part 1, Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1964, page 410b penultimate line
- “egu”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD), volume 4, E, Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1958, page 47b