قرب

Arabic

Etymology

• From the root ق ر ب (q-r-b), with the form I being reconstructed securely as Proto-Semitic *ḳarib-, likewise the form II as Proto-Semitic *ḳarrib-.
• While the Biblical Hebrew קָרַב (qāráḇ, “to approach”) governs prepositions of approach like אֶל (el), לְ (lə), עַל (ʿal), the Arabic قَرُبَ (qaruba) has obtained the opposited preposition مِن (min) by analogy of بَعُدَ (baʕuda, “to be far”); compare the same with دَنَا (danā, “to come near”).

Pronunciation 1

• IPA^(key): /qa.ru.ba/

Verb

قَرُبَ • (qaruba) I, non-past يَقْرُبُ‎ (yaqrubu)

1. to be near, to come near, to approach or

Conjugation

Verb

قَرُبَ • (qaruba) I, non-past يَقْرُبُ‎ (yaqrubu)

1. to be related, to be of close relations, to be kindred (especially on the maternal side)
2. to have relation to something, to be associated
3. to be engaged with, to be or become involved with

Conjugation

Pronunciation 2

• IPA^(key): /qa.ri.ba/

Verb

قَرِبَ • (qariba) I, non-past يَقْرَبُ‎ (yaqrabu)

1. (transitive) to be near, to come near, to approach

   لَا تَقْرَبِ الْأَسَدَ فَيَأْكُلَكَ.

   lā taqrabi al-ʔasada fayaʔkulaka.

   Do not approach the lion lest he eat you.

   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:35:

     وَقُلْنَا يَا آدَمُ ٱسْكُنْ أَنْتَ وَزَوْجُكَ الْجَنَّةَ وَكُلَا مِنْهَا رَغَدًا حَيْثُ شِئْتُمَا وَلَا تَقْرَبَا هَٰذِهِ ٱلشَّجَرَةَ فَتَكُونَا مِنَ ٱلظَّالِمِين

     waqulnā yā ʔādamu skun ʔanta wazawjuka l-jannata wakulā minhā raḡadan ḥayṯu šiʔtumā walā taqrabā hāḏihi š-šajarata fatakūnā mina ẓ-ẓālimīn

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. (transitive, euphemistic) to copulate with
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:222:

     وَلَا تَقْرَبُوهُنَّ حَتَّىٰ يَطْهُرْنَ

     walā taqrabūhunna ḥattā yaṭhurna

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Conjugation

Pronunciation 3

• IPA^(key): /qar.ra.ba/

Verb

قَرَّبَ • (qarraba) II, non-past يُقَرِّبُ‎ (yuqarribu)

1. to cause or allow to be near
2. to make or let approach

Conjugation

Pronunciation 4

• IPA^(key): /qurb/

Noun

قُرْب • (qurb) m

1. verbal noun of قَرُبَ (qaruba) (form I)
2. nearness, presence

   عِنْدَمَا كَانَ جَالِسًا بِالْقُرْبِ مِنْ زَوْجَتِهِ... صَرَخَتْ فِي وَجْهِهِ قَائِلَةً: ”اِبْتَعِدْ عَنِّي!“

   ʕindamā kāna jālisan bi-l-qurbi min zawjatihi... ṣaraḵat fī wajhihi qāʔilatan: ”ibtaʕid ʕannī!“

   When he was sitting next to his wife... she yelled into his face, saying: “Go away from me!”

   • 2004, Nancy Ajram, “Ana Leih”, in Ah W Noss:

     أنا ليه بحب حبك قوي كده ليه
     وأموت في قربك أنا كده ليه

     ʾana leih bi-ḥubbi ḥubbak qawī kida leih
     wa-'mūtu fī qorbak ʾana kida leih

Declension

Descendants

• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਕੁਰਬ (kurab)

  Shahmukhi script: قرب (qurb)

Pronunciation 5

• IPA^(key): /qur.ba/

Preposition

قُرْبَ • (qurba)

1. near, in the vicinity of

   قُرْبَ ٱلظُّهْر ― qurba ẓ-ẓuhr ― towards noon

References

Hijazi Arabic

Etymology 1

From Arabic قَرَّبَ (qarraba).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡar.rab/

Verb

قَرَّب • (garrab) II (non-past يِقَرِّب (yigarrib))

1. to be near, to come near, to approach
2. to cause or allow to be near
3. to make or let approach

Conjugation

Etymology 2

From Arabic قُرْب (qurb).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡurb/,

Noun

قرب • (gurb) m

1. nearness, closeness, presence

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡar.rib/

Verb

قرب • (garrib)

1. second-person masculine singular imperative of قَرَّب (garrab)

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic قَرَّبَ (qarraba).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Urban) /ʔar.rab/,
• IPA^(key): (Bedouin) /ɡar.rab/,

• Audio (al-Lidd)

  (file)

Verb

قرّب • (ʔarrab) II (present بقرّب (biʔarreb))

1. to make close, to bring close

Conjugation