كيف

See also: کیف

Arabic

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kaj.fa/
Audio (file)

Adverb

كَيْفَ • (kayfa)

(interrogative) how
however (in whatever way or state)
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 3:6:
  هُوَ ٱلَّذِي يُصَوِّرُكُمْ فِي ٱلْأَرْحَامِ كَيْفَ يَشَاءُ
  huwa llaḏī yuṣawwirukum fī l-ʔarḥāmi kayfa yašāʔu
  It is He who forms you in the wombs however He wills.

Derived terms

كَيْفَمَا (kayfamā)

Descendants

Maltese: kif
Hijazi Arabic: كيف (kēf)
Moroccan Arabic: كيف (kīf)
North Levantine Arabic: كيف (kīf)
South Levantine Arabic: كيف (kīf)

Etymology 2

Root
ك ي ف (k-y-f)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kajf/

Noun

كَيْف • (kayf) m (plural كُيُوف (kuyūf))

condition, state
mood
will
pleasure, well-being, good humor, enjoyment
carouse
excitement from opium
opiate, narcotic, cannabis

Declension

Declension of noun كَيْف (kayf)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	كَيْف kayf	الْكَيْف al-kayf	كَيْف kayf
Nominative	كَيْفٌ kayfun	الْكَيْفُ al-kayfu	كَيْفُ kayfu
Accusative	كَيْفًا kayfan	الْكَيْفَ al-kayfa	كَيْفَ kayfa
Genitive	كَيْفٍ kayfin	الْكَيْفِ al-kayfi	كَيْفِ kayfi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	كَيْفَيْن kayfayn	الْكَيْفَيْن al-kayfayn	كَيْفَيْ kayfay
Nominative	كَيْفَانِ kayfāni	الْكَيْفَانِ al-kayfāni	كَيْفَا kayfā
Accusative	كَيْفَيْنِ kayfayni	الْكَيْفَيْنِ al-kayfayni	كَيْفَيْ kayfay
Genitive	كَيْفَيْنِ kayfayni	الْكَيْفَيْنِ al-kayfayni	كَيْفَيْ kayfay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	كُيُوف kuyūf	الْكُيُوف al-kuyūf	كُيُوف kuyūf
Nominative	كُيُوفٌ kuyūfun	الْكُيُوفُ al-kuyūfu	كُيُوفُ kuyūfu
Accusative	كُيُوفًا kuyūfan	الْكُيُوفَ al-kuyūfa	كُيُوفَ kuyūfa
Genitive	كُيُوفٍ kuyūfin	الْكُيُوفِ al-kuyūfi	كُيُوفِ kuyūfi

Descendants

Maltese: kif
Moroccan Arabic: كيف (kīf)
- → English: kif
- → French: kif, kiffer
- → German: kiffen, Kiffer
→ Azerbaijani: kef
→ Hebrew: כֵּיף (kēf)
→ Ottoman Turkish: كیف (keyf), քէյֆ (keyf), քէֆ (kef)
- Turkish: keyif
- → Albanian: qejf
- → Armenian: քեֆ (kʻef), քեփ (kʻepʻ); քեյֆ (kʻeyf)
- → Georgian: ქეიფი (keipi) (or from Persian)
- → Greek: κέφι (kéfi)
- → Macedonian: ќеф (ḱef)
- → Romanian: chef
- → Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ћѐиф
  Latin script: ćèif
→ Persian: کیف (keyf)
- → Azerbaijani: kif
→ Russian: кайф (kajf), кейф (kejf)
- → Armenian: կայֆ (kayf)
- → Azerbaijani: kayf
- → Georgian: კაიფი (ḳaipi)
→ Uyghur: كەيپ (keyp)
→ Uzbek: kayf

Etymology 3

In most of its senses, denominal from كَيْف (kayf). In the sense “to cut off entirely”, intensive of كَافَ (kāfa, “to cut off”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kaj.ja.fa/

Verb

كَيَّفَ • (kayyafa) II, non-past يُكَيِّفُ‎ (yukayyifu)

to cut off entirely
to regulate
to form, to mold; to adapt, to fit, to modify, to qualify
(modern) to bring one into good humor, to amuse one well
(modern) to make one tipsy, to intoxicate

Conjugation

Conjugation of

كَيَّفَ

(form-II sound)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					تَكْيِيف takyīf
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					مُكَيِّف mukayyif
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مُكَيَّف mukayyaf
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	كَيَّفْتُ kayyaftu	كَيَّفْتَ kayyafta	كَيَّفَ kayyafa	كَيَّفْتُمَا kayyaftumā	كَيَّفَا kayyafā	كَيَّفْنَا kayyafnā	كَيَّفْتُمْ kayyaftum	كَيَّفُوا kayyafū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	كَيَّفْتُ kayyaftu	كَيَّفْتِ kayyafti	كَيَّفَتْ kayyafat	كَيَّفْتُمَا kayyaftumā	كَيَّفَتَا kayyafatā	كَيَّفْنَا kayyafnā	كَيَّفْتُنَّ kayyaftunna	كَيَّفْنَ kayyafna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُكَيِّفُ ʔukayyifu	تُكَيِّفُ tukayyifu	يُكَيِّفُ yukayyifu	تُكَيِّفَانِ tukayyifāni	يُكَيِّفَانِ yukayyifāni	نُكَيِّفُ nukayyifu	تُكَيِّفُونَ tukayyifūna	يُكَيِّفُونَ yukayyifūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُكَيِّفُ ʔukayyifu	تُكَيِّفِينَ tukayyifīna	تُكَيِّفُ tukayyifu	تُكَيِّفَانِ tukayyifāni	تُكَيِّفَانِ tukayyifāni	نُكَيِّفُ nukayyifu	تُكَيِّفْنَ tukayyifna	يُكَيِّفْنَ yukayyifna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُكَيِّفَ ʔukayyifa	تُكَيِّفَ tukayyifa	يُكَيِّفَ yukayyifa	تُكَيِّفَا tukayyifā	يُكَيِّفَا yukayyifā	نُكَيِّفَ nukayyifa	تُكَيِّفُوا tukayyifū	يُكَيِّفُوا yukayyifū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُكَيِّفَ ʔukayyifa	تُكَيِّفِي tukayyifī	تُكَيِّفَ tukayyifa	تُكَيِّفَا tukayyifā	تُكَيِّفَا tukayyifā	نُكَيِّفَ nukayyifa	تُكَيِّفْنَ tukayyifna	يُكَيِّفْنَ yukayyifna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُكَيِّفْ ʔukayyif	تُكَيِّفْ tukayyif	يُكَيِّفْ yukayyif	تُكَيِّفَا tukayyifā	يُكَيِّفَا yukayyifā	نُكَيِّفْ nukayyif	تُكَيِّفُوا tukayyifū	يُكَيِّفُوا yukayyifū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُكَيِّفْ ʔukayyif	تُكَيِّفِي tukayyifī	تُكَيِّفْ tukayyif	تُكَيِّفَا tukayyifā	تُكَيِّفَا tukayyifā	نُكَيِّفْ nukayyif	تُكَيِّفْنَ tukayyifna	يُكَيِّفْنَ yukayyifna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		كَيِّفْ kayyif		كَيِّفَا kayyifā			كَيِّفُوا kayyifū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		كَيِّفِي kayyifī		كَيِّفَا kayyifā			كَيِّفْنَ kayyifna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	كُيِّفْتُ kuyyiftu	كُيِّفْتَ kuyyifta	كُيِّفَ kuyyifa	كُيِّفْتُمَا kuyyiftumā	كُيِّفَا kuyyifā	كُيِّفْنَا kuyyifnā	كُيِّفْتُمْ kuyyiftum	كُيِّفُوا kuyyifū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	كُيِّفْتُ kuyyiftu	كُيِّفْتِ kuyyifti	كُيِّفَتْ kuyyifat	كُيِّفْتُمَا kuyyiftumā	كُيِّفَتَا kuyyifatā	كُيِّفْنَا kuyyifnā	كُيِّفْتُنَّ kuyyiftunna	كُيِّفْنَ kuyyifna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُكَيَّفُ ʔukayyafu	تُكَيَّفُ tukayyafu	يُكَيَّفُ yukayyafu	تُكَيَّفَانِ tukayyafāni	يُكَيَّفَانِ yukayyafāni	نُكَيَّفُ nukayyafu	تُكَيَّفُونَ tukayyafūna	يُكَيَّفُونَ yukayyafūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُكَيَّفُ ʔukayyafu	تُكَيَّفِينَ tukayyafīna	تُكَيَّفُ tukayyafu	تُكَيَّفَانِ tukayyafāni	تُكَيَّفَانِ tukayyafāni	نُكَيَّفُ nukayyafu	تُكَيَّفْنَ tukayyafna	يُكَيَّفْنَ yukayyafna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُكَيَّفَ ʔukayyafa	تُكَيَّفَ tukayyafa	يُكَيَّفَ yukayyafa	تُكَيَّفَا tukayyafā	يُكَيَّفَا yukayyafā	نُكَيَّفَ nukayyafa	تُكَيَّفُوا tukayyafū	يُكَيَّفُوا yukayyafū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُكَيَّفَ ʔukayyafa	تُكَيَّفِي tukayyafī	تُكَيَّفَ tukayyafa	تُكَيَّفَا tukayyafā	تُكَيَّفَا tukayyafā	نُكَيَّفَ nukayyafa	تُكَيَّفْنَ tukayyafna	يُكَيَّفْنَ yukayyafna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُكَيَّفْ ʔukayyaf	تُكَيَّفْ tukayyaf	يُكَيَّفْ yukayyaf	تُكَيَّفَا tukayyafā	يُكَيَّفَا yukayyafā	نُكَيَّفْ nukayyaf	تُكَيَّفُوا tukayyafū	يُكَيَّفُوا yukayyafū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُكَيَّفْ ʔukayyaf	تُكَيَّفِي tukayyafī	تُكَيَّفْ tukayyaf	تُكَيَّفَا tukayyafā	تُكَيَّفَا tukayyafā	نُكَيَّفْ nukayyaf	تُكَيَّفْنَ tukayyafna	يُكَيَّفْنَ yukayyafna

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ك ي ف
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic كَيْفَ (kayfa).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /keːf/,

Adverb

كيف • (kēf)

how

Moroccan Arabic

Root
ك ي ف
1 term

Etymology 1

From Arabic كَيْفَ (kayfa). Compare Maltese kif.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kiːf/
- IPA^(key): /kiː/ (in rapid speech)

Adverb

كيف • (kīf)

(interrogative) how
Synonym: كيفاش (kīfāš)

كيف صبحتي اليوم؟ ― صبحت شوية عيان.
kīf ṣbaḥti l-yūm? ― ṣbaḥt šwiyya ʕiyyān.
How did you sleep today? ― I woke up a bit tired.
(literally, “How did you wake up today? ― I woke up a bit tired.”)
as soon as
كيف جا، مشيت بحالي.
kīf jā, mšīt bḥāli.
As soon as he came, I've left.

Conjunction

كيف • (kīf)

(before nouns and pronouns) as, like
Synonym: (before verbal clauses) كيف ما (kīf mā)

ما كاين حد كيفنا.
ma kāyin ḥadd kīfna.
There is no one like us.

Etymology 2

From Arabic كَيْف (kayf).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kiːf/

Noun

كيف • (kīf) m (usually uncountable)

cannabis
Synonym: حشيش (ḥšīš)

غشوني فالكيف اللي شريت ديك النهار.
ḡaššūni f-el-kīf elli šrīt dīk en-nhār.
They scammed me with the cannabis I bought the other day.

Descendants

→ English: kif
→ French: kif, kiffer
→ German: kiffen, Kiffer

North Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic كَيْفَ (kayfa).

Adverb

كيف • (kīf)

how?
Synonym: (Syria) شلون (šlōn)

كيفك؟ (to a male) ― kīfak? ― How are you?

كيفك؟ (to a female) ― kīfik? ― How are you?

Ottoman Turkish

Proper noun

كيف • (Kiyef)

Kyiv (the capital of Ukraine)

Descendants

Turkish: Kiyiv

References

Sezen, Tahir (2017) “Kiyef”, in Osmanlı Yer Adları [Ottoman Place Names]‎, 2nd edition, Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, page 472

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic كَيْفَ (kayfa).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kiːf/,
Audio (Ramallah) (file)

Pronoun

كيف • (kīf)

how?

Derived terms

كيفك (kīfak, kīfek, “how are you?”)

Wikious

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