مسلمان

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Chagatai

Etymology

    Borrowed from Classical Persian مُسَلْمَان (musalmān), borrowed from Arabic مُسْلِم (muslim), from أَسْلَمَ (ʔaslama).

    Noun

    مسلمان (musulman or muselman)

    1. Muslim

    Descendants

    • Uyghur: مۇسۇلمان (musulman)
    • Uzbek: musulmon

    Further reading

    • Jarring, Gunnar (1964) “مسلمان”, in An Eastern Turki-English Dialect Dictionary‎, C.W.K. Gleerup, page 201

    Ottoman Turkish

    Etymology

      From Classical Persian مسلمان (musalmān), from Arabic مُسْلِم (muslim).

      Noun

      مسلمان • (müsliman)

      1. Muslim

      Descendants

      Persian

      Etymology

        Ultimately from Arabic مُسْلِم (muslim), probably a corrupted borrowing of the Arabic plural مُسْلِمُون (muslimūn).

        This is one of a number of very early oral borrowings from Arabic, dating to the earliest years of Islamic rule, that underwent irregular phonetic shifts. Others include میر (mir, “prince”) from أَمِير (ʔamīr) and now archaic Classical Persian مزگت (mazgit, “mosque”) from مَسْجِد (masjid).

        Pronunciation

         

        Readings
        Classical reading? musalmān
        Dari reading? musalmān
        Iranian reading? mosalmân
        Tajik reading? musalmon

        Noun

        Dari مسلمان
        Iranian Persian
        Tajik мусалмон

        مسلمان • (mosalmân) (plural مسلمانان (mosalmânân) or مسلمین (moslemin) or مسلمان‌ها (mosalmân-hâ))

        1. Muslim
          • c. 1030, Farrukhī Sīstānī, “Qaṣīda 175”, in دیوان فرخی سیستانی [Dīvān of Farrukhī]‎:
            عزمش چو عزم و حجت پیغمبران درست
            رایش چو رای و دولت نیک اختران متین
            همچون پدر بزرگ و جهاندار و بختیار
            همچون پدر کریم و مسلمان و پاکدین
            azm-aš čū azm u hujjat-i payğambarān durust
            rāy-aš čū rāy u dawlat-i nēk axtarān matīn
            hamčūn pidar buzurg u jahandār u baxtyār
            hamčūn pidar karīm u musalmān u pākdīn
            His resolve is correct like the resolve and deeds of the prophets,
            His opinion is firm like the opinion and felicity of the fortunate:
            Just like his father, he is great, world-possessing, auspicious,
            Just like his father, he is noble, Muslim, pure of faith.
            (Classical Persian transliteration)
          • c. 1390, Hafez, “Ghazal 217”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divan of Hafez]‎:
            مسلمانان مرا وقتی دلی بود
            که با وی گفتمی گر مشکلی بود
            musalmānān ma-rā waqtē dilē būd
            ki bā way guftamē gar muškilē būd
            Muslims! I once used to have a heart
            To whom I would talk, should I have a problem.
            (Classical Persian romanization)

        Inflection

        Enclitic-attached forms


            Basic forms of مسلمان (mosalmân)
        singular plural
        bare مسلمان
        (mosalmân)         		مسلمانان
        (mosalmânấn)
        مسلمانا △
        (mosalmânấ)
        definitive direct object مسلمان را
        (mosalmân râ)
        مسلمان رو △
        (mosalmâno)         		مسلمانان را
        (mosalmânấn râ)
        مسلمانا رو △
        (mosalmânấ ro)
        ezâfe مسلمان
        (mosalmân-e)         		مسلمانان
        (mosalmânấn-e)
        مسلمانای △
        (mosalmânấ-ye)
        marked indefinite
        or relative definite         		مسلمانی
        (mosalmân-i)         		مسلمانانی
        (mosalmânấn-i)
        مسلمانایی △
        (mosalmânấi)
        △ Colloquial.
            Predicative forms of مسلمان (mosalmân)
        singular plural
        1st person
        (“I am, we are”)         		مسلمانم
        (mosalmânam)         		مسلمانیم
        (mosalmânim)
        2nd person
        (“you are”)         		مسلمانی
        (mosalmâni)         		مسلمانید
        (mosalmânid)
        مسلمانین △
        (mosalmânin)
        3rd person
        (“he/she/it is, they are”)         		مسلمان است
        (mosalmân ast)
        مسلمانه △
        (mosalmâne)         		مسلمانند
        (mosalmânand)
        مسلمانن △
        (mosalmânan)
        △ Colloquial.

        Descendants

        Urdu

        Urdu Wikipedia has an article on:
        Wikipedia ur

        Etymology

        Borrowed from Classical Persian مسلمان (musalmān), from Arabic مُسْلِم (muslim). Compare Punjabi ਮੁਸਲਮਾਨ (muslamān) / مُسَلمان (musalmān), Gujarati મુસલમાન (musalmān), Marathi मुसलमान (musalmān), Bengali মুসলমান (musolman). First attested as Middle Hindi مسلمان (musalamān).

        Pronunciation

        Noun

        مُسَلْمان • (musalmān) m (Hindi spelling मुसलमान)

        1. (Islam) Muslim

        Further reading

        • “مسلمان”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
        • “مسلمان”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary , Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
        • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “مسلمان”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
        • Platts, John T. (1884) “مسلمان”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
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