نزل

See also: ن ز ل

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ن ز ل (n-z-l)

Noun

نُزُل • (nuzul) m (plural أَنْزَال (ʔanzāl))

quarter, lodging
inn, residence, hostel

Declension

Declension of noun نُزُل (nuzul)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نُزُل nuzul	النُّزُل an-nuzul	نُزُل nuzul
Nominative	نُزُلٌ nuzulun	النُّزُلُ an-nuzulu	نُزُلُ nuzulu
Accusative	نُزُلًا nuzulan	النُّزُلَ an-nuzula	نُزُلَ nuzula
Genitive	نُزُلٍ nuzulin	النُّزُلِ an-nuzuli	نُزُلِ nuzuli
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نُزُلَيْن nuzulayn	النُّزُلَيْن an-nuzulayn	نُزُلَيْ nuzulay
Nominative	نُزُلَانِ nuzulāni	النُّزُلَانِ an-nuzulāni	نُزُلَا nuzulā
Accusative	نُزُلَيْنِ nuzulayni	النُّزُلَيْنِ an-nuzulayni	نُزُلَيْ nuzulay
Genitive	نُزُلَيْنِ nuzulayni	النُّزُلَيْنِ an-nuzulayni	نُزُلَيْ nuzulay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَنْزَال ʔanzāl	الْأَنْزَال al-ʔanzāl	أَنْزَال ʔanzāl
Nominative	أَنْزَالٌ ʔanzālun	الْأَنْزَالُ al-ʔanzālu	أَنْزَالُ ʔanzālu
Accusative	أَنْزَالًا ʔanzālan	الْأَنْزَالَ al-ʔanzāla	أَنْزَالَ ʔanzāla
Genitive	أَنْزَالٍ ʔanzālin	الْأَنْزَالِ al-ʔanzāli	أَنْزَالِ ʔanzāli

Noun

نُزْل • (nuzl) m (plural أَنْزَال (ʔanzāl))

food served to a guest

Declension

Declension of noun نُزْل (nuzl)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نُزْل nuzl	النُّزْل an-nuzl	نُزْل nuzl
Nominative	نُزْلٌ nuzlun	النُّزْلُ an-nuzlu	نُزْلُ nuzlu
Accusative	نُزْلًا nuzlan	النُّزْلَ an-nuzla	نُزْلَ nuzla
Genitive	نُزْلٍ nuzlin	النُّزْلِ an-nuzli	نُزْلِ nuzli
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نُزْلَيْن nuzlayn	النُّزْلَيْن an-nuzlayn	نُزْلَيْ nuzlay
Nominative	نُزْلَانِ nuzlāni	النُّزْلَانِ an-nuzlāni	نُزْلَا nuzlā
Accusative	نُزْلَيْنِ nuzlayni	النُّزْلَيْنِ an-nuzlayni	نُزْلَيْ nuzlay
Genitive	نُزْلَيْنِ nuzlayni	النُّزْلَيْنِ an-nuzlayni	نُزْلَيْ nuzlay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَنْزَال ʔanzāl	الْأَنْزَال al-ʔanzāl	أَنْزَال ʔanzāl
Nominative	أَنْزَالٌ ʔanzālun	الْأَنْزَالُ al-ʔanzālu	أَنْزَالُ ʔanzālu
Accusative	أَنْزَالًا ʔanzālan	الْأَنْزَالَ al-ʔanzāla	أَنْزَالَ ʔanzāla
Genitive	أَنْزَالٍ ʔanzālin	الْأَنْزَالِ al-ʔanzāli	أَنْزَالِ ʔanzāli

Verb

نَزَلَ • (nazala) I, non-past يَنْزِلُ‎ (yanzilu)

to descend, to come down, to go down
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 034:002:
  يَعْلَمُ مَا يَلِجُ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَمَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا وَمَا يَنْزِلُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ وَمَا يَعْرُجُ فِيهَا
  yaʕlamu mā yaliju fī l-ʔarḍi wamā yaḵruju minhā wamā yanzilu mina s-samāʔi wamā yaʕruju fīhā
  This is certainly a revelation from the Lord of all worlds, The Trustworthy Spirit has brought it down.
1. to send down, to take down
  - 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 26:192-193:
    وَإِنَّهُ لَتَنْزِيلُ رَبِّ ٱلْعَالَمِينَ نَزَلَ بِهِ ٱلرُّوحُ ٱلْأَمِينُ
    waʔinnahu latanzīlu rabbi l-ʕālamīna nazala bihi r-rūḥu l-ʔamīnu
    This is certainly a revelation from the Lord of all worlds, The Trustworthy Spirit has brought it down.
to alight, to get off
to stay, to dwell
to settle (down somewhere)

Conjugation

Conjugation of

نَزَلَ

(form-I sound, verbal noun نُزُول)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					نُزُول nuzūl
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					نَازِل nāzil
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَنْزُول manzūl
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	نَزَلْتُ nazaltu	نَزَلْتَ nazalta	نَزَلَ nazala	نَزَلْتُمَا nazaltumā	نَزَلَا nazalā	نَزَلْنَا nazalnā	نَزَلْتُمْ nazaltum	نَزَلُوا nazalū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	نَزَلْتُ nazaltu	نَزَلْتِ nazalti	نَزَلَتْ nazalat	نَزَلْتُمَا nazaltumā	نَزَلَتَا nazalatā	نَزَلْنَا nazalnā	نَزَلْتُنَّ nazaltunna	نَزَلْنَ nazalna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَنْزِلُ ʔanzilu	تَنْزِلُ tanzilu	يَنْزِلُ yanzilu	تَنْزِلَانِ tanzilāni	يَنْزِلَانِ yanzilāni	نَنْزِلُ nanzilu	تَنْزِلُونَ tanzilūna	يَنْزِلُونَ yanzilūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَنْزِلُ ʔanzilu	تَنْزِلِينَ tanzilīna	تَنْزِلُ tanzilu	تَنْزِلَانِ tanzilāni	تَنْزِلَانِ tanzilāni	نَنْزِلُ nanzilu	تَنْزِلْنَ tanzilna	يَنْزِلْنَ yanzilna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَنْزِلَ ʔanzila	تَنْزِلَ tanzila	يَنْزِلَ yanzila	تَنْزِلَا tanzilā	يَنْزِلَا yanzilā	نَنْزِلَ nanzila	تَنْزِلُوا tanzilū	يَنْزِلُوا yanzilū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَنْزِلَ ʔanzila	تَنْزِلِي tanzilī	تَنْزِلَ tanzila	تَنْزِلَا tanzilā	تَنْزِلَا tanzilā	نَنْزِلَ nanzila	تَنْزِلْنَ tanzilna	يَنْزِلْنَ yanzilna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَنْزِلْ ʔanzil	تَنْزِلْ tanzil	يَنْزِلْ yanzil	تَنْزِلَا tanzilā	يَنْزِلَا yanzilā	نَنْزِلْ nanzil	تَنْزِلُوا tanzilū	يَنْزِلُوا yanzilū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَنْزِلْ ʔanzil	تَنْزِلِي tanzilī	تَنْزِلْ tanzil	تَنْزِلَا tanzilā	تَنْزِلَا tanzilā	نَنْزِلْ nanzil	تَنْزِلْنَ tanzilna	يَنْزِلْنَ yanzilna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِنْزِلْ inzil		اِنْزِلَا inzilā			اِنْزِلُوا inzilū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		اِنْزِلِي inzilī		اِنْزِلَا inzilā			اِنْزِلْنَ inzilna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	نُزِلَ nuzila	—	—	—	—	—
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُنْزَلُ yunzalu	—	—	—	—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُنْزَلَ yunzala	—	—	—	—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُنْزَلْ yunzal	—	—	—	—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

References

Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “نزل”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen

Verb

نَزَّلَ • (nazzala) II, non-past يُنَزِّلُ‎ (yunazzilu)

to send down, to take down
Synonym: أَنْزَلَ (ʔanzala)
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 029:063:
  وَلَئِن سَأَلْتَهُم مَن نَزَّلَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً فَأَحْيَا بِهِ الْأَرْضَ مِن بَعْدِ مَوْتِهَا لَيَقُولُنَّ اللَّهُ
  walaʔin saʔaltahum man nazzala mina s-samāʔi māʔan faʔaḥyā bihi l-ʔarḍa min baʕdi mawtihā layaqūlunna l-lahu
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
to reveal
Synonyms: أَنْزَلَ (ʔanzala), أَوْحَى (ʔawḥā)
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 76:23:
  إِنَّا نَحْنُ نَزَّلْنَا عَلَيْكَ الْقُرْآنَ تَنْزِيلًا
  ʔinnā naḥnu nazzalnā ʕalayka l-qurʔāna tanzīlan
  Lo! We, even We, have revealed unto thee the Qur'an, a revelation.
(computing) to download

Conjugation

Conjugation of

نَزَّلَ

(form-II sound)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					تَنْزِيل tanzīl
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					مُنَزِّل munazzil
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مُنَزَّل munazzal
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	نَزَّلْتُ nazzaltu	نَزَّلْتَ nazzalta	نَزَّلَ nazzala	نَزَّلْتُمَا nazzaltumā	نَزَّلَا nazzalā	نَزَّلْنَا nazzalnā	نَزَّلْتُمْ nazzaltum	نَزَّلُوا nazzalū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	نَزَّلْتُ nazzaltu	نَزَّلْتِ nazzalti	نَزَّلَتْ nazzalat	نَزَّلْتُمَا nazzaltumā	نَزَّلَتَا nazzalatā	نَزَّلْنَا nazzalnā	نَزَّلْتُنَّ nazzaltunna	نَزَّلْنَ nazzalna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُنَزِّلُ ʔunazzilu	تُنَزِّلُ tunazzilu	يُنَزِّلُ yunazzilu	تُنَزِّلَانِ tunazzilāni	يُنَزِّلَانِ yunazzilāni	نُنَزِّلُ nunazzilu	تُنَزِّلُونَ tunazzilūna	يُنَزِّلُونَ yunazzilūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُنَزِّلُ ʔunazzilu	تُنَزِّلِينَ tunazzilīna	تُنَزِّلُ tunazzilu	تُنَزِّلَانِ tunazzilāni	تُنَزِّلَانِ tunazzilāni	نُنَزِّلُ nunazzilu	تُنَزِّلْنَ tunazzilna	يُنَزِّلْنَ yunazzilna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُنَزِّلَ ʔunazzila	تُنَزِّلَ tunazzila	يُنَزِّلَ yunazzila	تُنَزِّلَا tunazzilā	يُنَزِّلَا yunazzilā	نُنَزِّلَ nunazzila	تُنَزِّلُوا tunazzilū	يُنَزِّلُوا yunazzilū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُنَزِّلَ ʔunazzila	تُنَزِّلِي tunazzilī	تُنَزِّلَ tunazzila	تُنَزِّلَا tunazzilā	تُنَزِّلَا tunazzilā	نُنَزِّلَ nunazzila	تُنَزِّلْنَ tunazzilna	يُنَزِّلْنَ yunazzilna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُنَزِّلْ ʔunazzil	تُنَزِّلْ tunazzil	يُنَزِّلْ yunazzil	تُنَزِّلَا tunazzilā	يُنَزِّلَا yunazzilā	نُنَزِّلْ nunazzil	تُنَزِّلُوا tunazzilū	يُنَزِّلُوا yunazzilū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُنَزِّلْ ʔunazzil	تُنَزِّلِي tunazzilī	تُنَزِّلْ tunazzil	تُنَزِّلَا tunazzilā	تُنَزِّلَا tunazzilā	نُنَزِّلْ nunazzil	تُنَزِّلْنَ tunazzilna	يُنَزِّلْنَ yunazzilna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		نَزِّلْ nazzil		نَزِّلَا nazzilā			نَزِّلُوا nazzilū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		نَزِّلِي nazzilī		نَزِّلَا nazzilā			نَزِّلْنَ nazzilna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	نُزِّلْتُ nuzziltu	نُزِّلْتَ nuzzilta	نُزِّلَ nuzzila	نُزِّلْتُمَا nuzziltumā	نُزِّلَا nuzzilā	نُزِّلْنَا nuzzilnā	نُزِّلْتُمْ nuzziltum	نُزِّلُوا nuzzilū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	نُزِّلْتُ nuzziltu	نُزِّلْتِ nuzzilti	نُزِّلَتْ nuzzilat	نُزِّلْتُمَا nuzziltumā	نُزِّلَتَا nuzzilatā	نُزِّلْنَا nuzzilnā	نُزِّلْتُنَّ nuzziltunna	نُزِّلْنَ nuzzilna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُنَزَّلُ ʔunazzalu	تُنَزَّلُ tunazzalu	يُنَزَّلُ yunazzalu	تُنَزَّلَانِ tunazzalāni	يُنَزَّلَانِ yunazzalāni	نُنَزَّلُ nunazzalu	تُنَزَّلُونَ tunazzalūna	يُنَزَّلُونَ yunazzalūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُنَزَّلُ ʔunazzalu	تُنَزَّلِينَ tunazzalīna	تُنَزَّلُ tunazzalu	تُنَزَّلَانِ tunazzalāni	تُنَزَّلَانِ tunazzalāni	نُنَزَّلُ nunazzalu	تُنَزَّلْنَ tunazzalna	يُنَزَّلْنَ yunazzalna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُنَزَّلَ ʔunazzala	تُنَزَّلَ tunazzala	يُنَزَّلَ yunazzala	تُنَزَّلَا tunazzalā	يُنَزَّلَا yunazzalā	نُنَزَّلَ nunazzala	تُنَزَّلُوا tunazzalū	يُنَزَّلُوا yunazzalū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُنَزَّلَ ʔunazzala	تُنَزَّلِي tunazzalī	تُنَزَّلَ tunazzala	تُنَزَّلَا tunazzalā	تُنَزَّلَا tunazzalā	نُنَزَّلَ nunazzala	تُنَزَّلْنَ tunazzalna	يُنَزَّلْنَ yunazzalna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُنَزَّلْ ʔunazzal	تُنَزَّلْ tunazzal	يُنَزَّلْ yunazzal	تُنَزَّلَا tunazzalā	يُنَزَّلَا yunazzalā	نُنَزَّلْ nunazzal	تُنَزَّلُوا tunazzalū	يُنَزَّلُوا yunazzalū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُنَزَّلْ ʔunazzal	تُنَزَّلِي tunazzalī	تُنَزَّلْ tunazzal	تُنَزَّلَا tunazzalā	تُنَزَّلَا tunazzalā	نُنَزَّلْ nunazzal	تُنَزَّلْنَ tunazzalna	يُنَزَّلْنَ yunazzalna

Etymology 2

Verb

نَزَلْ • (nazal) (form I)

first-person plural non-past active jussive of زَالَ (zāla)

Verb

نَزُلْ • (nazul) (form I)

first-person plural non-past active jussive of زَالَ (zāla)

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ن ز ل
4 terms

Etymology 1

From Arabic نَزَلَ (nazala).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ni.zil/,
Audio (al-Lidd) (file)

Verb

نزل • (nizil) I (present بنزل (binzal), active participle نازل (nāzel))

to go down, to come down
Synonym: طاح (ṭāḥ)

Antonym: طلع (ṭiliʕ)

شفت ها نازلة من عنده.
šuftha nāzle min ʕendo.
I saw her coming down from his place.

كل شهر بنزل على يافا.
kull šahr banzal ʕala yāfa.
Every month I go down to Jaffa.
(by extension) to get off, to disembark
Antonym: ركب (rikib)

نزلت من الباص.
nzilt min il-bāṣ.
I got off the bus.
(by extension) to flow, to drip, to leak
دمّ ه نازل.
dammo nāzel.
He's bleeding.
(literally, “His blood is flowing.”)

الميّ نازلة من الحنفية.
il-mayy nāzle min il-ḥanafiyye.
The water is leaking from the faucet.
(by extension) to stay (in some accommodation)
فيه مكان تنزل فيه في رام الله؟
fī makān tinzal fī fi ramallah?.
Is there a place for you to stay in Ramallah?

Conjugation

Conjugation of نزل (nizil)
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	نزلت (nzilt)	نزلت (nzilt)	نزل (nizil)	نزلنا (nzilna)	نزلتو (nziltu)	نزلو (nizlu)
past	f	نزلت (nzilt)	نزلتي (nzilti)	نزلت (nizlat)	نزلنا (nzilna)	نزلتو (nziltu)	نزلو (nizlu)
present	m	بنزل (banzal)	بتنزل (btinzal)	بنزل (binzal)	مننزل (mninzal)	بتنزلو (btinzalu)	بنزلو (binzalu)
present	f	بنزل (banzal)	بتنزلي (btinzali)	بتنزل (btinzal)	مننزل (mninzal)	بتنزلو (btinzalu)	بنزلو (binzalu)
subjunctive	m	أنزل (ʔanzal)	تنزل (tinzal)	ينزل (yinzal)	ننزل (ninzal)	تنزلو (tinzalu)	ينزلو (yinzalu)
subjunctive	f	أنزل (ʔanzal)	تنزلي (tinzali)	تنزل (tinzal)	ننزل (ninzal)	تنزلو (tinzalu)	ينزلو (yinzalu)
imperative	m		انزل (inzal)			انزلو (inzalu)
imperative	f		انزلي (inzali)			انزلو (inzalu)

Etymology 2

From Arabic نَزَّلَ (nazzala).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /naz.zal/,
Audio (al-Lidd) (file)

Verb

نزّل • (nazzal) II (present بنزّل (binazzel))

(transitive) to lower, to bring down
(computing) to download
Antonym: حمّل (ḥammal)

Conjugation

Conjugation of نزّل (nazzal)
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	نزّلت (nazzalt)	نزّلت (nazzalt)	نزّل (nazzal)	نزّلنا (nazzalna)	نزّلتو (nazzaltu)	نزّلو (nazzalu)
past	f	نزّلت (nazzalt)	نزّلتي (nazzalti)	نزّلت (nazzalat)	نزّلنا (nazzalna)	نزّلتو (nazzaltu)	نزّلو (nazzalu)
present	m	بنزّل (banazzel)	بتنزّل (bitnazzel)	بنزّل (binazzel)	مننزّل (minnazzel)	بتنزّلو (bitnazzlu)	بنزّلو (binazzlu)
present	f	بنزّل (banazzel)	بتنزّلي (bitnazzli)	بتنزّل (bitnazzel)	مننزّل (minnazzel)	بتنزّلو (bitnazzlu)	بنزّلو (binazzlu)
subjunctive	m	انزّل (anazzel)	تنزّل (tnazzel)	ينزّل (ynazzel)	ننزّل (nnazzel)	تنزّلو (tnazzlu)	ينزّلو (ynazzlu)
subjunctive	f	انزّل (anazzel)	تنزّلي (tnazzli)	تنزّل (tnazzel)	ننزّل (nnazzel)	تنزّلو (tnazzlu)	ينزّلو (ynazzlu)
imperative	m		نزّل (nazzel)			نزّلو (nazzlu)
imperative	f		نزّلي (nazzli)			نزّلو (nazzlu)

نزل

Contents

Arabic

Etymology 1

Noun

Declension

Noun

Declension

Verb

Conjugation

References

Verb

Conjugation

Etymology 2

Verb

Verb

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Wikious

Boobota

Sagapedia