نشستن

• ششتن (šištan), شیشتن (šīštan) (informal Dari, Tajik)

From Middle Persian nšstn' (nišastan, “sit on”), a compound from Proto-Indo-European *ni- (“in”) / *na- + Middle Persian *šstn' (*šastan-), the latter from Proto-Iranian *had- (“to sit, be seated”), from Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“to sit”).^[1] Cognate with Russian сидеть (sidetʹ), Armenian նիստ (nist), English nest).

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

نشستن • (nešastan) (present stem نشین (nešin))

1. to sit down, to sit, to take a seat

   پسر روی صندلی نشسته است. (more literary)

   pesar ru-ye sandali nešaste ast.

   پسره رو صندلی نشسته. (more colloquial)

   pesare ru sandali nešaste.

   The boy is sat on the chair.

2. to settle, to subside, to be deposited
3. to be settled, to be suppressed
4. to reside

Though this verb is often somewhat erroneously translated as English "to sit", نشستن (nešastan) really refers to the action of sitting down, not the state of being sat. Hence the Persian equivalent for the English "to be sitting" is the present perfect of نشستن (nešastan), i.e. "to have sat down", and the Persian present progressive is equivalent to English "to be sitting down".

• نشاندن (nešândan)