کردن

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Central Kurdish

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *kar-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kar- (to do, make), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷer- (to do, make, construct).

Verb

Northern Kurdish kirin
Southern Kurdish کردن (kirdin)

کردن (kirdin)

  1. to do
  2. to make

Conjugation

Derived terms

Terms derived from کردن

See also

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian 𐭥𐭡𐭩𐭣𐭥𐭭𐭲𐭭𐭩 (OBYDWN-tn’), 𐭪𐭥𐭲𐭭𐭩 (krtn’ /⁠kardan⁠/), from Old Persian (kar-, to do, make, build), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kar- (to do, make), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷer- (to do, make, construct).

Modern Indo-Iranian cognates include Ossetian кӕнын (kænyn), конд (kond), Pashto کول (kawël, krël), Baluchi (kan-, ku(r)t-), Northern Kurdish kirin, Zazaki (kerdiš, ken-), Hindi करना (karnā), and Urdu کرنا (karnā).

The generic root for "to do, make" has developed in a wide range of specific activities, which have been preserved in old derivations such as: سگالیدن (segâlidan, to think, meditate), پیکر (peykar, picture, statue), نگاشتن (negâštan, to paint), انگاشتن (engâštan, to suppose; believe, consider), پنگاشتن (pengâštan, paint, figure, write).

Pronunciation

  • (file)

Readings
Classical reading? kardan
Dari reading? kardan
Iranian reading? kardan
Tajik reading? kardan
  • (file)
    • (dialectal Iranian, especially Mashhad, Yazd, Shiraz): IPA(key): /keɾˈdæn/

Verb

Dari کردن
Iranian Persian
Tajik кардан

کَرْدَن (kardan) (present stem کُن (kon))

  1. to do
    Synonym: انجام دادن (anjâm dâdan)
  2. to make
  3. A highly productive light verb that derives verbs from nouns and adjectives.
    Synonyms: انجام دادن (anjâm dâdan), فرمودن (farmudan, honorific)
    معرفی (mo'arrefi, introduction) + ‎کردن (kardan) → ‎معرفی کردن (mo'arrefi kardan, to introduce, literally to make introduction)
    پیشرفت (pišraft, progress) + ‎کردن (kardan) → ‎پیشرفت کردن (pišraft kardan, to progress, literally to make progress)
    باز (bâz, open) + ‎کردن (kardan) → ‎باز کردن (bâz kardan, to open, literally to make open)
    تمیز (tamiz, clean) + ‎کردن (kardan) → ‎تمیز کردن (tamiz kardan, to clean, literally to make clean)
    گوش (guš, ear) + ‎کردن (kardan) → ‎گوش کردن (guš kardan, to listen)
  4. (vulgar) to fuck

Conjugation

Derived terms

References

Southern Kurdish

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *kar-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kar- (to do, make), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷer- (to do, make, construct).

Pronunciation

Verb

Northern Kurdish kirin
Central Kurdish کردن (kirdin)
  1. (transitive) to do, to make (to perform an action)

Conjugation

Derived terms

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian کردن (kardan).

Pronunciation

Verb

کَرْدَن (kardan) (Hindi spelling कर्दन)

  1. (rare, example) to do

References

  • کردن”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • کردن”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary , Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.