گران

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See also: گراں

Baluchi

Adjective

گران • (giran)

heavy

See also

گراں (gerá̃)
سنگین

Central Kurdish

Adjective

گران (gran)

heavy

Persian

Alternative forms

گرون (gerun) (Tehrani)

Etymology

From Middle Persian glʾn' (garān, “heavy”), from Proto-Iranian *grā-na- (“heavy”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷréh₂us (“heavy”). Cognate to Latin gravis (“heavy”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key):

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key):
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key):
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key):

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key):
- (Tehrani) IPA^(key):

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key):

Readings
Classical reading^?	garān
Dari reading^?	garān
Iranian reading^?	gerân
Tajik reading^?	garon

Adjective


Iranian Persian	گران
Dari	گران
Tajik	гарон

گران • (gerân) (comparative گران‌تَر (gerân-tar), superlative گران‌تَرین (gerân-tarin))

expensive
Antonym: ارزان (arzân, “cheap”)

(more formal) ― in besyâr gerân ast. ― This is too expensive.

(more colloquial) ― in xeyli gerun-e. ― This is too expensive.
- c. 1060, Nāṣir-i Khusraw, Safarnāma [Book of Travels]‎:
  یک سال آب نیل وفا نکرد و غله گران شد.
  yak sāl āb-i nīl wafā na-kard u ğalla garān šud.
  One year, the waters of the Nile did not rise and grain became expensive.
(archaic or poetic) heavy
Synonyms: سنگین (sangin), گرنگ (girang) (Dari)
- 1964, Rahi Mo'ayyeri, غزلها - جلد سوم‎:
  زندگی بر دوش ما بار گرانی بیش نیست
  عمر جاویدان عذاب جاودانی بیش نیست
  zendegi bar duš-e mâ bâr-e gerâni biš nist
  omr-e jâvidân ezâb-e jâvedâni biš nist
  Life on my shoulders is no more than a heavy load;
  The eternal life is no more than a torment everlasting.

Descendants

→ Pashto:
- → Phalura: graán

References

^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2007) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 3, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 181

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