گرگ
Baluchi
Etymology
from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebh₂- (“to grab, seize”). Cognates include Persian گرفتن (gereftan), Central Kurdish گرتن (girtin), Sanskrit गृह्णाति (gṛhṇāti, “he seizes”).
Verb
گرگ • (girag)
Persian
Etymology
From Middle Persian 𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢 (gʿlg /gurg/, “wolf”), from Old Persian 𐎺𐎼𐎣 (v-r-k /varka-/), from Proto-Iranian *wŕ̥kah (compare Avestan 𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀 (vəhrka), Sogdian (wyrk- /wərk/), Baluchi گرک (gurk), Mazanderani ورگ (verg), Northern Kurdish gur, gurg, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥kas (“wolf”) (compare Sanskrit वृक (vṛ́ka)), from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (compare English wolf).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key):
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key):
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key):
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | gurg |
| Dari reading? | gurg |
| Iranian reading? | gorg |
| Tajik reading? | gurg |
Noun
| Dari | گرگ |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | гург |
گرگ • (gorg) (plural گرگها (gorg-hâ) or گرگان (gorgân))
- a wolf
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3109:
- از کجا آموختی این ای بزرگ / گفت ای شاه جهان از حال گرگ
- az kujâ âmôxti ên ay buzurg / guft ay šâh-i-jahân az hâl-i-gurg
- Whence didst thou learn this, O eminent one?” “O King of the world,” he replied, “from the fate of the wolf.”
- (figurative) a social or sexual predator
- اون بیرون پر گرگه! ― un birun por-e gorg-e! ― There are lots of predators out there!
Derived terms
- گرگومیش (gorg-o-miš, “twilight”)
- گرگخوی (gorg-xuy, “wolfish, fierce, savage”)
- گرگین (gorgin, “wolflike, lupine”)
- گرگینه (gorgine, “werewolf”)
- گرگِ بالاندیده (gorg-e bâlân-dide, “a highly seasoned person”)
- گرگِ بیابان (gorg-e biâbân, “steppe wolf”)
- کفگرگی (kaf-gorgi, “slap”)
- گرگِ تاسمانی (gorg-e tâsmâni, “Tasmanian wolf”)
Related terms
References
Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “گرگ”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press