گناه

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Ottoman Turkish

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian گناه (gonâh, “sin; crime; guilt”).

Noun

گناه • (günah)

  1. fault, guilt, blame, the responsibility for a mistake or wrongdoing
    Synonyms: ذنب (zenb), صوچ (suç)
  2. crime, misdeed, offence, any act committed in violation of the law
    Synonyms: جرم (cürm), جنایت (cinayet), صوچ (suç)
  3. (religion) sin, a transgression against divine law or a law of God
    Synonyms: صوچ (suç), وبال (vebal)

Derived terms

Descendants

Further reading

Persian

Persian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fa

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle Persian (wnʾs /⁠wināh⁠/), 𐫇𐫏𐫗𐫀𐫍 (wynʾh /⁠wināh⁠/, “sin, crime”), ultimately from the Proto-Iranian preverb *vi- (from Proto-Indo-European *wi (“apart, against”)) and the root *nas- (“to disappear; to perish”), from Proto-Indo-European *neḱ- (“to perish, to disappear”). Akin to Old Armenian վնաս (vnas) (from Iranian), Old Georgian უნასი (unasi) (from Iranian), Baluchi (gināsk), Northern Kurdish binas (binās) and Sanskrit विनाश (vināśa).

Pronunciation

 

Readings
Classical reading? gunāh
Dari reading? gunāh
Iranian reading? gonâh
Tajik reading? gunoh

Noun

Dari گناه
Iranian Persian
Tajik гуноҳ

گناه • (gonâh) (plural گناهان (gonâhân) or گناه‌ها (gonâh-hâ))

  1. sin
  2. crime, guilt
    • 11th century, Abul-Fazl Bayhaqi, Tarikh-e Beyhaqi
      امیر گفت: پس از حسنک درین باب چه گناه بوده است؟ که اگر راه بادیه آمدی در خون آنهمه خلق شدی
      amir goft: "pas az hasanak darin bâb če gonâh bude ast? ke agar râh-e bâdiye âmadi, dar xun-e ânhame xalq šodi."
      Amir said: "So what was Hasanak's crime here? For if he would come through the desert route, he would have been responsible for the blood of so many people."

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “wināh”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 91
  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “վնաս”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 347
  • Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*nas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 282ff
  • Nyberg, H. S. (1974) “vinās”, in A Manual of Pahlavi, Part II: Glossary, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, page 213a
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