یل

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See also: يل

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *yẹl (“wind”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰘𐰠 (yél), Azerbaijani yel, Bashkir ел (yel), Chuvash ҫил (śil), Kazakh жел (jel), Kyrgyz жел (jel), Tatar җил (cil), Turkmen ýel and Uzbek yel.

Noun

یل • (yel)

wind, real or perceived movement of atmospheric air
Synonyms: باد (bad), روزگار (rüzgâr), ریح (rih)
flatus, gas generated in the digestive tract
(pathology) rheumatism, any disorder of the muscles, tendons, etc.

Derived terms

یللنمك (yellenmek, “to break wind”)
یللو (yelli, “windy”)

Descendants

Turkish: yel
→ Armenian: ել (el, “rheumatism”)

Further reading

Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “yel1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 5276
Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “یل”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 509a
Kélékian, Diran (1911) “یل”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 1355
Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Ventus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1732
Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “یل”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 5596
Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “yel”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Redhouse, James W. (1890) “یل”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2207

Persian

Etymology

Inherited from Middle Persian (yl /⁠yal⁠/, “hero”), of unclear further etymology. Initial ya- cannot be directly inherited from Proto-Iranian. It is possibly a borrowing from Alanic or some other Northeastern Iranian descendant of Proto-Iranian *Áryah (“Aryan, Iranian”),^[1] whence also (irân, “Iran”). Compare Proto-Sarmatian *Allān (“of the Aryans”, genitive plural).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key):

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key):
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key):
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key):

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key):

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key):

Readings
Classical reading^?	yal
Dari reading^?	yal
Iranian reading^?	yal
Tajik reading^?	yal

Noun

یل • (yal)

hero, great warrior
Synonyms: قهرمان (qahramân), پهلوان (pahlavân)
- c. 1030, Fakhr al-Dīn Asʿad Gurgānī, ويس و رامين [Vīs u Rāmīn]‎:
  مهان نامی از هر شهر و کشور
  یلان جنگی از هر مرز و گوهر
  mihān-i nāmī az har šahr u kišwar
  yalān-i jangī az har marz u gawhar
  Renowned nobles from every city and kingdom,
  Warlike heroes from every borderland and bloodline.
  (Classical Persian romanization)

References

^ D. N. Mackenzie (1984) “Review of "Die Geschichte Zarēr's" by Davoud Monchi-Zadeh”, in Indo-Iranian Journal, volume 27, number 2, page 160

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