ܟܪܟܐ
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ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܕܟܪܟ݂ܐ
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
Etymology 1
Inherited from Aramaic כַּרְכָא (karḵā), from either Demotic grg or the above root; cognate of Hebrew כְּרַךְ (k'rákh) and Coptic ϭⲉⲣϭⲏ (cercē). The proper noun is a shortening of ܟܲܪܟ݂ܵܐ ܕܒܹܝܬ݂ ܣܠܘܿܩ (karḵā d-bēṯ slōq, “Citadel of the Seleucids”).
Pronunciation
Noun
ܟܲܪܟ݂ܵܐ or ܟܪܟ̣ܐ • (karḵā) m (plural ܟܲܪ̈ܟ݂ܹܐ (karḵē))
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | |||||||
| singular | absolute | ܟܪܲܟ݂ (kraḵ) | 1st person | ܟܲܪܟ݂ܝܼ (karḵī) | ܟܲܪܟ݂ܲܢ (karḵan) | |||
| construct | ܟܪܲܟ݂ (kraḵ) | 2nd person | ܟܲܪܟ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (karḵōḵ) | ܟܲܪܟ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (karḵāḵ) | ܟܲܪܟ݂ܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (karḵawḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܟܲܪܟ݂ܵܐ (karḵā) | 3rd person | ܟܲܪܟ݂ܹܗ (karḵēh) | ܟܲܪܟ݂ܵܗ̇ (karḵāh) | ܟܲܪܟ݂ܗܘܿܢ (karḵhōn) | |||
| plural | absolute | ܟܲܪ̈ܟ݂ܝܼܢ (karḵīn) | 1st person | ܟܲܪ̈ܟ݂ܝܼ (karḵī) | ܟܲܪ̈ܟ݂ܲܢ (karḵan) | |||
| construct | ܟܲܪ̈ܟ݂ܲܝ (karḵay) | 2nd person | ܟܲܪ̈ܟ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (karḵōḵ) | ܟܲܪ̈ܟ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (karḵāḵ) | ܟܲܪ̈ܟ݂ܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (karḵawḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܟܲܪ̈ܟ݂ܹܐ (karḵē) | 3rd person | ܟܲܪ̈ܟ݂ܘܼܗܝ (karḵūh) | ܟܲܪ̈ܟ݂ܘܼܗ̇ (karḵōh) | ܟܲܪ̈ܟ݂ܲܝܗܘܿܢ (karḵayhōn) | |||
Proper noun
ܟܲܪܟ݂ܵܐ • (karḵā) f
- Kirkuk (a historically Assyrian city in northern Iraq, located in the Nineveh Plains and historically the capital of Beth Garmai)
Descendants
- → Arabic: كَرْكُوكْ (karkūk)
Etymology 2
Of the noun pattern 1i23ā, from the verb ܟܵܪܹܟ݂ (kārēḵ, “to encircle”) and inherited from Aramaic כִּרְכָּא (kirkā); compare Hebrew כֶּרֶךְ (kérekh) and Akkadian 𒆠𒅕𒆪 (/kirku/, “roll”).
Pronunciation
Noun
ܟܸܪܟܵܐ or ܟ̣ܪܟܐ • (kirkā) m (plural ܟܸܪ̈ܟܹܐ (kirkē))
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | |||||||
| singular | absolute | ܟܪܸܟ݂ (kriḵ) | 1st person | ܟܸܪܟܝܼ (kirkī) | ܟܸܪܟܲܢ (kirkan) | |||
| construct | ܟܪܸܟ݂ (kriḵ) | 2nd person | ܟܸܪܟܘܼܟ݂ (kirkōḵ) | ܟܸܪܟܵܟ݂ܝ (kirkāḵ) | ܟܸܪܟܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (kirkawḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܟܸܪܟܵܐ (kirkā) | 3rd person | ܟܸܪܟܹܗ (kirkēh) | ܟܸܪܟܵܗ̇ (kirkāh) | ܟܸܪܟܗܘܿܢ (kirkhōn) | |||
| plural | absolute | ܟܸܪ̈ܟ݂ܝܼܢ (kirḵīn) | 1st person | ܟܸܪ̈ܟ݂ܝܼ (kirḵī) | ܟܸܪ̈ܟ݂ܲܢ (kirḵan) | |||
| construct | ܟܸܪ̈ܟ݂ܲܝ (kirḵay) | 2nd person | ܟܸܪ̈ܟ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (kirḵōḵ) | ܟܸܪ̈ܟ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (kirḵāḵ) | ܟܸܪ̈ܟ݂ܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (kirḵawḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܟܸܪ̈ܟ݂ܹܐ (kirḵē) | 3rd person | ܟܸܪ̈ܟ݂ܘܼܗܝ (kirḵūh) | ܟܸܪ̈ܟ݂ܘܼܗ̇ (kirḵōh) | ܟܸܪ̈ܟ݂ܲܝܗܘܿܢ (kirḵayhōn) | |||
Etymology 3
Active noun of the verb ܟܵܪܹܟ݂ (kārēḵ).
Pronunciation
Noun
ܟܲܪܵܟ݂ܵܐ or ܟ̇ܪܟܐ • (karrāḵā) m (plural ܟܲܪ̈ܵܟ݂ܹܐ (karrāḵē), feminine ܟܲܪܵܟ݂ܬܵܐ (karrāḵtā))
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | |||||||
| singular | absolute | ܟܲܪܵܟ݂ (karrāḵ) | 1st person | ܟܲܪܵܟ݂ܝܼ (karrāḵī) | ܟܲܪܵܟ݂ܲܢ (karrāḵan) | |||
| construct | ܟܲܪܵܟ݂ (karrāḵ) | 2nd person | ܟܲܪܵܟ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (karrāḵōḵ) | ܟܲܪܵܟ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (karrāḵāḵ) | ܟܲܪܵܟ݂ܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (karrāḵawḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܟܲܪܵܟ݂ܵܐ (karrāḵā) | 3rd person | ܟܲܪܵܟ݂ܹܗ (karrāḵēh) | ܟܲܪܵܟ݂ܵܗ̇ (karrāḵāh) | ܟܲܪܵܟ݂ܗܘܿܢ (karrāḵhōn) | |||
| plural | absolute | ܟܲܪ̈ܵܟ݂ܝܼܢ (karrāḵīn) | 1st person | ܟܲܪ̈ܵܟ݂ܝܼ (karrāḵī) | ܟܲܪ̈ܵܟ݂ܲܢ (karrāḵan) | |||
| construct | ܟܲܪ̈ܵܟ݂ܲܝ (karrāḵay) | 2nd person | ܟܲܪ̈ܵܟ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (karrāḵōḵ) | ܟܲܪ̈ܵܟ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (karrāḵāḵ) | ܟܲܪ̈ܵܟ݂ܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (karrāḵawḵōn) | |||
| emphatic | ܟܲܪ̈ܵܟ݂ܹܐ (karrāḵē) | 3rd person | ܟܲܪ̈ܵܟ݂ܘܼܗܝ (karrāḵūh) | ܟܲܪ̈ܵܟ݂ܘܼܗ̇ (karrāḵōh) | ܟܲܪ̈ܵܟ݂ܲܝܗܘܿܢ (karrāḵayhōn) | |||
Classical Syriac
Etymology 1
Derived from Demotic grg or from the root ܟ ܪ ܟ related to encircling. Compare Hebrew כְּרַךְ (kəraḵ).
Pronunciation
Noun
ܟܪܟܐ • (karəḵā) m (plural ܟܪܟܐ (karəḵē))
Usage notes
A ܟܪܟܐ (karəḵā) is generally larger than a ܡܚܘܙܐ (māḥōzā).
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | m | f | |||||
| singular | absolute | ܟܪܟ | 1st person | ܟܪܟܝ | ܟܪܟܢ | |||
| construct | ܟܪܟ | 2nd person | ܟܪܟܟ | ܟܪܟܟܝ | ܟܪܟܟܘܢ | ܟܪܟܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | ܟܪܟܐ | 3rd person | ܟܪܟܗ | ܟܪܟܗ | ܟܪܟܗܘܢ | ܟܪܟܗܝܢ | ||
| plural | absolute | ܟܪܟܝܢ | 1st person | ܟܪܟܝ | ܟܪܟܝܢ | |||
| construct | ܟܪܟܝ | 2nd person | ܟܪܟܝܟ | ܟܪܟܝܟܝ | ܟܪܟܝܟܘܢ | ܟܪܟܝܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | ܟܪܟܐ | 3rd person | ܟܪܟܘܗܝ | ܟܪܟܝܗ | ܟܪܟܝܗܘܢ | ܟܪܟܝܗܝܢ | ||
Descendants
Etymology 2
From the root ܟ ܪ ܟ related to encircling. Compare Hebrew כֶּרֶךְ (kéreḵ).
Pronunciation
Noun
ܟܪܟܐ • (kerkā) m (plural ܟܪܟܐ (kerkē))
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | m | f | |||||
| singular | absolute | ܟܪܟ | 1st person | ܟܪܟܝ | ܟܪܟܢ | |||
| construct | ܟܪܟ | 2nd person | ܟܪܟܟ | ܟܪܟܟܝ | ܟܪܟܟܘܢ | ܟܪܟܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | ܟܪܟܐ | 3rd person | ܟܪܟܗ | ܟܪܟܗ | ܟܪܟܗܘܢ | ܟܪܟܗܝܢ | ||
| plural | absolute | ܟܪܟܝܢ | 1st person | ܟܪܟܝ | ܟܪܟܝܢ | |||
| construct | ܟܪܟܝ | 2nd person | ܟܪܟܝܟ | ܟܪܟܝܟܝ | ܟܪܟܝܟܘܢ | ܟܪܟܝܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | ܟܪܟܐ | 3rd person | ܟܪܟܘܗܝ | ܟܪܟܝܗ | ܟܪܟܝܗܘܢ | ܟܪܟܝܗܝܢ | ||
Etymology 3
From the root ܟ ܪ ܟ related to encircling. Compare Akkadian 𒆠𒅕𒆪 (/kirku/, “roll”), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic כְּרָכָא (kərāḵā, “large mat”). Doubtfully connected in the sense “woof” to Ancient Greek κρόκη (krókē).
Pronunciation
Noun
ܟܪܟܐ • (kərāḵā) m (plural ܟܪܟܐ (kərāḵē))
Inflection
| isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
| m | f | m | f | |||||
| singular | absolute | ܟܪܟ | 1st person | ܟܪܟܝ | ܟܪܟܢ | |||
| construct | ܟܪܟ | 2nd person | ܟܪܟܟ | ܟܪܟܟܝ | ܟܪܟܟܘܢ | ܟܪܟܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | ܟܪܟܐ | 3rd person | ܟܪܟܗ | ܟܪܟܗ | ܟܪܟܗܘܢ | ܟܪܟܗܝܢ | ||
| plural | absolute | ܟܪܟܝܢ | 1st person | ܟܪܟܝ | ܟܪܟܝܢ | |||
| construct | ܟܪܟܝ | 2nd person | ܟܪܟܝܟ | ܟܪܟܝܟܝ | ܟܪܟܝܟܘܢ | ܟܪܟܝܟܝܢ | ||
| emphatic | ܟܪܟܐ | 3rd person | ܟܪܟܘܗܝ | ܟܪܟܝܗ | ܟܪܟܝܗܘܢ | ܟܪܟܝܗܝܢ | ||
References
- “krk”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- “krk2”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- “krk3”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 162b
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 227b
- Peust, Carsten (2010) Die Toponyme vorarabischen Ursprungs im modernen Ägypten (Göttinger Miszellen. Beihefte; 8) (in German), Göttingen, page 43
- Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, →ISBN, pages 654a–b