ܡܕܝܢܬܐ

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Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܕ ܘ ܢ (d w n)
6 terms

From Aramaic מְדִינְתָּא (məḏīntā), derived from the same root of דָּן (dān, “to judge”), denoting the place where judgement takes place; compare Turoyo ܡܕ݂ܝܬ݂ܐ (mḏiṯo) and also borrowed into Arabic مَدِينَة (madīna, “city”) and Hebrew מְדִינָה (m'diná, “state”).

Pronunciation

(Standard) IPA^(key):
(Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key):
(Urmia) IPA^(key):

Noun

ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ • (mḏītā) f sg (plural ܡܕ݂ܝܼ̈ܢܵܬ݂ܹܐ (mḏīnāṯē) or ܡܕ݂ܝܼ̈ܢܹܐ (mḏīnē))

city (large settlement, bigger than a town)
ܐ݇ܙܝܼܠ ܠܲܢ ܠܚܕ݂ܵܐ ܡܕܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ ܐ݇ܚܹܪ݇ܬܵܐ ܩܵܐ ܐܲܪܒܥܵܐ ܝܵܘܡܵܢܹ̈ܐ ܘܐ݇ܬܹܐ ܠܲܢ ܠܢܝܼܢܘܹܐ ܥܪܘܼܒ݂ܬܵܐ ܒܨܲܦܪܵܐ.
zīl lan lḥḏā mdītā ḥētā qā arbˁā yāwmānē w-tē lan l-nīnwē ˁruḇtā b-ṣaprā.
We went to another city for four days and arrived in Nineveh on Friday morning.

ܐܝܼܬ݂ ܡܸܩܕ݂ܲܪ ܬܡܵܢܸܡܐܵܐ ܡܕ݂ܝܼ̈ܢܵܬ݂ܹܐ ܓܵܘ ܐܹܘܪܘܿܦܹܐ.
īṯ miqḏar tmānimˀā mḏīnāṯē gāw ēwrōpē.
There are approximately eight hundred cities in Europe.

Inflection

Inflection of **ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ**
	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
	state	form		person	m	f	plural
singular	absolute	–		1^st person			ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܲܢ (mḏītan)
	construct	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܲܬ݂ (mḏīnaṯ)		2^nd person	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܘܼܟ݂ (mḏītūḵ)	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܟ݂ܝ (mḏītāḵ)	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (mḏītāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ (mḏītā)		3^rd person	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܹܗ (mḏītēh)	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܗ̇ (mḏītāh)	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܗܘܿܢ (mḏīthōn)
plural	absolute	–		1^st person	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܵܬܝܼ̈ (mḏīnātī)		ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܵܬܲܢ̈ (mḏīnātan)
	construct	ܡܕ݂ܝܼ̈ܢܵܬ (mḏīnāt)		2^nd person	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܵܬܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (mḏīnātūḵ)	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܵܬܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (mḏīnātāḵ)	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܵܬܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (mḏīnātāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܡܕ݂ܝܼ̈ܢܵܬ݂ܹܐ (mḏīnāṯē)		3^rd person	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܵܬܘܼ̈ܗܝ (mḏīnātūh)	ܡܕ݂ܝܼ̈ܢܵܬ݂ܘܿܗ̇ (mḏīnāṯōh)	ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܵܬܗ̈ܘܿܢ (mḏīnāthōn)

Hypernyms

ܝܲܬܒ݂ܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (yatḇūṯā, “settlement”)

Coordinate terms

ܡܵܬ݂ܵܐ (māṯā, “village, town”), ܟܲܦܪܵܐ (kaprā, “town”), ܫܒ݂ܵܒ݂ܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (šḇāḇūṯā, “neighbourhood”), ܡܵܚܘܿܙܵܐ (māḥōzā, “quarter”), ܠܲܩܚܵܐ (laqḥā, “suburb”), ܦܢܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (pnīṯā, “area, region”), ܐܘܼܚܕܵܢܵܐ (uḥdānā, “state”), ܐܲܬ݂ܪܵܐ (aṯrā, “country”)

Derived terms

ܒܹܝܬ݂ ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ (bēṯ mḏītā, “city hall, town hall”)
ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܲܬ݂ ܦܘܼܪܓܵܝܵܐ (mḏīnaṯ purgāyā, “amusement park”)
ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܲܬ݂ ܩܘܼܕܫܵܐ (mḏīnaṯ qudšā, “Jerusalem”)
ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܵܝܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (mḏīnāyūṯā, “citizenship, municipality”)
ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܵܝܵܐ (mḏīnāyā, “urban, civil”)
ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܘܿܢܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (mḏītōnīṯā, “town”)
ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ ܝܲܬܝܼܪܬܵܐ (mḏītā yatīrtā, “Utopia”)
ܩܸܢܛܪܘܿܢ ܕܲܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ (qinṭrōn damḏītā, “town centre, city center, downtown”)
ܪܹܝܫ ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ (rēš mḏītā, “mayor”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

From the root ܕ-ܘ-ܢ; compare Arabic مَدِينَة (madīna, “city”), Hebrew מְדִינָה (məḏînâ, “state”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mə.din.tɑʔ/, (singular)
IPA^(key): , (plural)

Noun

ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ • (məḏītā) f (plural ܡܕܝܢܬܐ or ܡܕܝܢܐ)

city, town
Synonym: ܩܪܝܬܐ (qərīṯā)
region
Synonym: ܩܠܝܡܐ (qəlīmā)
(rare) province, country
Synonym: ܐܬܪܐ (ʾaṯrā)

Inflection

Inflection of **ܡܕܝܢܬܐ**
	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
	state	form		person	m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܡܕܝܢܐ		1^st person	ܡܕܝܢܬܝ		ܡܕܝܢܬܢ
	construct	ܡܕܝܢܬ		2^nd person	ܡܕܝܢܬܟ	ܡܕܝܢܬܟܝ	ܡܕܝܢܬܟܘܢ	ܡܕܝܢܬܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܡܕܝܢܬܐ		3^rd person	ܡܕܝܢܬܗ	ܡܕܝܢܬܗ	ܡܕܝܢܬܗܘܢ	ܡܕܝܢܬܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܡܕܝܢܢ ,ܡܕܝܢܝܢ		1^st person	ܡܕܝܢܬܝ ,ܡܕܝܢܝ		ܡܕܝܢܬܢ ,ܡܕܝܢܝܢ
	construct	ܡܕܝܢܬ ,ܡܕܝܢܝ		2^nd person	ܡܕܝܢܬܟ ,ܡܕܝܢܝܟ	ܡܕܝܢܬܟܝ ,ܡܕܝܢܝܟܝ	ܡܕܝܢܬܟܘܢ ,ܡܕܝܢܝܟܘܢ	ܡܕܝܢܬܟܝܢ ,ܡܕܝܢܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܡܕܝܢܬܐ ,ܡܕܝܢܐ		3^rd person	ܡܕܝܢܬܗ ,ܡܕܝܢܘܗܝ	ܡܕܝܢܬܗ ,ܡܕܝܢܝܗ	ܡܕܝܢܬܗܘܢ ,ܡܕܝܢܝܗܘܢ	ܡܕܝܢܬܗܝܢ ,ܡܕܝܢܝܗܝܢ

Derived terms

ܡܕܝܢܝܐ (məḏīnāyā)
ܡܕܝܢܝܘܬܐ (məḏīnāyūṯā)
ܡܕܝܢܬܘܢܝܬܐ (məḏītōnīṯā)

Descendants

Arabic: مَدِينَة (madīna)
- Maltese: Mdina
- Cypriot Arabic: mtine
- Gulf Arabic: مَدينة (madina)
- Moroccan Arabic: مدينة (mdīna)
  - → Tarifit: tamdint
- → Bengali: মদিনা (modina)
- → French: médina
- → English: medina
- → Kabyle: tamdint (“city”)
Hebrew: מְדִינָה (m'diná, “state”)

References

“mdynh”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-11-05
Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 60b
Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 252b
Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 713b

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