अंश

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit अंश (áṃśa).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ənʃ/,

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

अंश • (añś) m (Urdu spelling انش)

1. part, portion

   Synonym: हिस्सा (hissā)

   इस विवाद में सच का एक अंश तक नहीं है।

   is vivād mẽ sac kā ek añś tak nahī̃ hai.

   There is not even a morsel of truth in this debate.

2. degree
3. amount

Declension

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hánćas (“share, part, portion”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ónḱos. Cognate with Avestan 𐬄𐬯𐬀 (ąsa, “share, part”), Ancient Greek ὄγκος (ónkos, “mass, burden”). *h₁ónḱos may be a derivative of *h₁neḱ- (“to carry”) or *h₂neḱ- (“to reach”).

The word was borrowed into Finno-Ugric from Proto-Indo-Iranian before the merger of Proto-Indo-European */a/, */o/ and */e/ into Proto-Indo-Iranian */a/ occurred; compare Estonian and Finnish osa (“part”) and Hungarian oszt (“to divide”).

Pronunciation

• (Rigveda) IPA^(key): /ɐ́n.ɕɐ/, /ɐ̃́.ɕɐ/
• (Yajurveda chanting) IPA^(key): /ɐ́.ɡm̩.ɕɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɐ̃.ɕɐ/

Noun

अंश • (áṃśa) stem, m

1. a share, portion, part, party
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.31.03:

     अधायि धीतिरससृग्रमंशास्तीर्थे न दस्ममुप यन्त्यूमाः ।
     अभ्यानश्म सुवितस्य शूषं नवेदसो अमृतानामभूम ॥

     adhāyi dhītirasasṛgramaṃśāstīrthe na dasmamupa yantyūmāḥ .
     abhyānaśma suvitasya śūṣaṃ navedaso amṛtānāmabhūma .

     The hymn is formed, poured are the allotted portions: as to a ford friends come unto the Wondrous.
     We have obtained the power of case and comfort, we have become acquainted, with Immortals.

2. partition, inheritance
3. a share of booty
4. earnest money
5. stake (in betting)
6. a lot
7. the denominator of a fraction
8. a degree of latitude or longitude
9. a day
10. name of an Aditya
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.27.01:

      इमा गिर आदित्येभ्यो घृतस्नूः सनाद्राजभ्यो जुह्वा जुहोमि ।
      शृणोतु मित्रो अर्यमा भगो नस्तुविजातो वरुणो दक्षो अंशः ॥

      imā gira ādityebhyo ghṛtasnūḥ sanādrājabhyo juhvā juhomi .
      śṛṇotu mitro aryamā bhago nastuvijāto varuṇo dakṣo aṃśaḥ .

      These hymns that drop down fatness, with the ladle I ever offer to the Kings Ādityas.
      May Mitra, Aryaman, and Bhaga hear us, the mighty Varuṇa Dakṣa, and Aṁśa.

Declension

Related terms

• अंशक (aṃśaka, “forming part”)
• अंशिन् (aṃśin, “having a share”)
• अंशीकरोति (aṃśīkaroti, “to share”)

Descendants

• → Hindi: अंश (añś)
• → Kannada: ಅಂಶ (aṃśa)
• → Khmer: អង្សា (ʼɑngsaa)
• → Marathi: अंश (auśa)
• → Old Javanese: aṅśa
  • Javanese: ꦲꦁꦱ (angsa, “portion, share”)
  • → Balinese: ᬅᬗ᭄ᬰ (angsa, “inheritance, fraction”)
• → Odia: ଅଂଶ (ôṁśô)
• → Punjabi: ਅੰਸ਼ (ãśa)
• → Tamil: அங்கிசம் (aṅkicam), அசனம் (acaṉam), அஞ்சம் (añcam), அம்சம் (amcam), அமிசம் (amicam)
• → Thai: องศา (ong-sǎa)

References

• “अंश” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 1.
• Monier Williams (1899) “अंश”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0001.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “अंश”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 001
• Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 001
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 36