अङ्गार

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hángāras, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hángāras, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óngʷl̥. Cognate with Old Church Slavonic ѫгль (ǫglĭ), Lithuanian anglis, Old Armenian ածուղ (acuł).

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐ́ŋ.ɡɑː.ɾɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɐŋˈɡɑː.ɾɐ/

अङ्गा॑र • (áṅgāra) stem, m

1. charcoal, either heated or not heated
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.34.9:

     नी॒चा व॑र्तन्त उ॒परि॑ स्फुरन्त्यह॒स्तासो॒ हस्त॑वन्तं सहन्ते।
     दि॒व्या अङ्गा॑रा॒ इरि॑णे॒ न्यु॑प्ताः शी॒ताः सन्तो॒ हृद॑यं॒ निर्द॑हन्ति॥

     nīcā́ vartanta upári sphurantyahastā́so hástavantaṃ sahante.
     divyā́ áṅgārā íriṇe nyùptāḥ śītā́ḥ sánto hṛ́dayaṃ nírdahanti.

     Downward they roll, and then spring quickly upward, and, handless, force the man with hands to serve them.
     Cast on the board, like lumps of magic charcoal, though cold themselves they burn the heart to ashes.

2. the planet Mars

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:मङ्गल

3. the plant hitāvalī

• Pali: aṅgāra
• Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀸𑀭 (aṃgāra), 𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀸𑀮 (aṃgāla) (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed terms

• Monier Williams (1899) “अङ्गार”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 8/1.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 48
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “áṅgāra”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 7