अष्टम

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *aštamás; ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw (“eight”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬱𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬀 (aštəma), Persian هشتم (haštom), Ossetian ӕстӕм (æstæm).

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐʂ.ʈɐ.mɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɐʂ.ʈɐ.mɐ/

अष्टम • (aṣṭamá) stem

1. eighth
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.114.9:

     कश्छन्दसां योगमावेद धीरः को धिष्ण्यां प्रति वाचं पपाद ।
     कमृत्विजाम्अष्टमं शूरमाहुर्हरी इन्द्रस्य नि चिकाय कः स्वित् ॥

     kaśchandasāṃ yogamāveda dhīraḥ ko dhiṣṇyāṃ prati vācaṃ papāda.
     kamṛtvijāmaṣṭamaṃ śūramāhurharī indrasya ni cikāya kaḥ svit.

     What sage hath learned the metres' application? Who hath gained Vāk, the spirit's aim and object?
     Which ministering priest is called the eighth Hero? Who then hath tracked the two Bay Steeds of Indra?

• Gandhari: 𐨀𐨛𐨨 (aṭhama)
• Pali: aṭṭhama
  • → Burmese: အဋ္ဌမ (athta.ma.)
• Prakrit: 𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀫 (aṭṭhama)
  • Khasa Prakrit:
    • Nepali: आठौं (āṭha͠u)
  • Maharastri Prakrit:
    • Konkani: आठवें (āṭhvẽ)
    • Marathi: आठवे (āṭhve)
  • Paisaci Prakrit:
    • Takka Apabhramsa:
      • Punjabi: ਅੱਠਵਾਂ (aṭṭhavā̃)
    • Vracada Apabhramsa:
      • Sindhi: aṭhõ

        Arabic script: اٺون

        Devanagari script: अठों

  • Sauraseni Prakrit:
    • Gujarati: આઠમું (āṭhamũ)
    • Hindustani: āṭhvā̃

      Hindi: आठवाँ

      Urdu: آٹھواں (āṭhvā̃)

• → Bengali: অষ্টম (ośṭom)
• → Kannada: ಅಷ್ಟಮ (aṣṭama)

• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “अष्टम”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
• Monier Williams (1899) “अष्टम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 117.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “aṣṭamá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 41