आर्तव

Vṛddhi derivative of ऋतु (ṛtú, “season, period of time”).

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɑːɾ.tɐ.ʋɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɑːɾ.t̪ɐ.ʋɐ/

आर्तव • (ārtavá) stem

1. belonging, relating or conforming to seasons or periods of time, seasonal, seasonable
   • c. 500 BCE – 100 BCE, Rāmāyaṇa 3.29.8:

     अवश्यं लभते जन्तुः फलं पापस्य कर्मणः ।
     घोरं पर्यागते काले द्रुमाः पुष्पम् इवार्तवम् ॥

     avaśyaṃ labhate jantuḥ phalaṃ pāpasya karmaṇaḥ.
     ghoraṃ paryāgate kāle drumāḥ puṣpam ivārtavam.

     A being certainly gets a terrible fruit of sinful deeds at the right time, just as the trees get the flower of the season.

2. menstrual

आर्तव • (ārtavá) stem, m

1. a section of the year, a combination of many seasons
   • c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 5.28.2:

     अग्निः सूर्यश्चन्द्रमा भूमिरापो द्यौरन्तरिक्षं प्रदिशो दिशश्च ।
     आर्तवा ऋतुभिः संविदाना अनेन मा त्रिवृता पारयन्तु ॥

     agniḥ sūryaścandramā bhūmirāpo dyaurantarikṣaṃ pradiśo diśaśca.
     ārtavā ṛtubhiḥ saṃvidānā anena mā trivṛtā pārayantu.

     May Agni, Sun, and Moon, and Earth, and Waters, Sky, Air, the Quarters and the Points between them,
     And Parts of Years accordant with the Seasons by this three-threaded Amulet preserve me.

आर्तव • (ārtavá) stem, n

1. menstruation, the menstrual discharge
   • c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa
   • c. 600 BCE – 600 CE, Suśruta, Suśruta Saṃhitā
   • c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti 4.40:

     नोपगच्छेत् प्रमत्तो ऽपि स्त्रियं आर्तवदर्शने ।
     समानशयने चैव न शयीत तया सह ॥

     nopagacchet pramatto ʼpi striyaṃ ārtavadarśane.
     samānaśayane caiva na śayīta tayā saha.

     Even though mad with desire, he may not approach his wife when she is experiencing her menstrual flow; he may also not sleep with her in the same bed.

• → Malayalam: ആർത്തവം (āṟttavaṁ)

• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “आर्तव”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 355
• Monier Williams (1899) “आर्तव”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 151.