उल्का

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Hindi

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Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उल्का (ulkā́, “meteor”), which is probably related to Sanskrit वर्चस्- (várcas-, “luster”), from a root Proto-Indo-Iranian *warč-. Cognates include Hindi ऊक (ūk, “torch”), Bengali ঊক্ (uk, “torch”), Odia ଉକା (ukā, “torch, flash of fire, meteor”), Punjabi ਉਲਕਾ (ulakā), Assamese উকা (uka, “ignis fatuus”), Persian ورج (varj, “dignity”).[1][2]

Pronunciation

  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /ʊl.kɑː/,

Noun

उल्का • (ulkā) f

  1. (astronomy) meteor
    उल्का वर्षा ― ulkā varṣā ― meteor shower
    • (Can we date this quote?), Pradeep Kumar Mishra, अंतरिक्ष नगर:
      परंतु पंकज इधर-उधर ऊपर-नीचे होकर बचता रहा। अचानक दोनों के बीच में एक बड़ा सा उल्का पिंड आ गया।
      parantu paṅkaj idhar-udhar ūpar-nīce hokar bactā rahā. acānak donõ ke bīc mẽ ek baṛā sā ulkā piṇḍ ā gayā.
      But Pankaj saved himself going here-and-there, under-and-over. Suddenly, a meteor came between the two.

Declension

Declension of उल्का (fem ā-stem)
singular plural
direct उल्का
ulkā 		उल्काएँ
ulkāẽ
oblique उल्का
ulkā 		उल्काओं
ulkāõ
vocative उल्का
ulkā 		उल्काओ
ulkāo

References

  1. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 231
  2. ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ulkā”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 111

Further reading

  • Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press
  • Monier-Williams (1872): A Sanskṛit-English Dictionary Etymologically and Philologically Arranged: With Special Reference to Greek, Latin, Gothic, German, Anglo-Saxon, and Other Cognate Indo-European Languages
  • Blažek, Václav (2010): The Indo-european "Smith"

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

Etymology

Uncertain. Probably related to वर्चस् (várcas-, “lustre”). Maybe related to Latin Vulcānus.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

उल्का • (ulkā́) stem, f

  1. meteor
  2. fiery appearance
  3. torch

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of उल्का (ulkā́)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative उल्का
ulkā́ 		उल्के
ulké 		उल्काः
ulkā́ḥ
Vocative उल्के
úlke 		उल्के
úlke 		उल्काः
úlkāḥ
Accusative उल्काम्
ulkā́m 		उल्के
ulké 		उल्काः
ulkā́ḥ
Instrumental उल्कया / उल्का¹
ulkáyā / ulkā́¹ 		उल्काभ्याम्
ulkā́bhyām 		उल्काभिः
ulkā́bhiḥ
Dative उल्कायै
ulkā́yai 		उल्काभ्याम्
ulkā́bhyām 		उल्काभ्यः
ulkā́bhyaḥ
Ablative उल्कायाः / उल्कायै²
ulkā́yāḥ / ulkā́yai² 		उल्काभ्याम्
ulkā́bhyām 		उल्काभ्यः
ulkā́bhyaḥ
Genitive उल्कायाः / उल्कायै²
ulkā́yāḥ / ulkā́yai² 		उल्कयोः
ulkáyoḥ 		उल्कानाम्
ulkā́nām
Locative उल्कायाम्
ulkā́yām 		उल्कयोः
ulkáyoḥ 		उल्कासु
ulkā́su
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
  • ²Brāhmaṇas

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 231-32

Further reading

  • Monier Williams (1899) “उल्का”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 218, column 3.
  • Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “उल्का”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
  • Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “उल्का”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
  • Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “उल्क”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
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