ऋक्ष

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hŕ̥ćšas (“bear”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos (“bear”). Cognate with Hittite 𒄯𒁖𒂵𒀸 (ḫartakkaš), Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬴𐬀 (arṣ̌a), Ancient Greek ἄρκτος (árktos), Latin ursus.

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ŕ̩k.ʂɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈr̩k.ʂɐ/

ऋक्ष • (ṛ́kṣa) stem, m

1. a bear
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.56.3:

     मी॒ळ्हुष्म॑तीव पृथि॒वी परा॑हता॒ मद॑न्त्येत्य॒स्मदा।
     ऋक्षो॒ न वो॑ मरुतः॒ शिमी॑वाँ॒ अमो॑ दु॒ध्रो गौरि॑व भीम॒युः॥

     mīḷhúṣmatīva pṛthivī́ párāhatā mádantyetyasmádā́.
     ṛ́kṣo ná vo marutaḥ śímīvām̐ ámo dudhró gaúriva bhīmayúḥ.

     Earth, like a bounteous lady, liberal of her gifts, struck down and shaken, yet exultant, comes to us.
     Impetuous as a bear, O Maruts, is your rush terrible as a dreadful bull.

2. a species of ape
3. Oroxylum indicum (syn. Bignonia indica)

• Dardic:
  • Kalasha: ič̣
  • Phalura: iṇc̣
  • Torwali: ایِݜ (īṣ)
• Prakrit: 𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙 (riccha), 𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀙 (accha), 𑀭𑀺𑀁𑀙 (riṃcha), 𑀭𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔 (rikkha)
  • Central Indo-Aryan:
    • Hindustani:

      Hindi: रीछ (rīch)

      Urdu: ریچھ (rech)

  • Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
    • Pahari-Potwari: رِچّھ (ricch)
    • Punjabi:

      Gurmukhi script: ਰਿੱਛ (riccha)

      Shahmukhi script: رِچّھ (ricch)

    • Sindhi:

      Arabic script: رِڇُ (richu)

      Devanagari script: रिछु (richu)

  • Southern Indo-Aryan:
    • Old Marathi:

      Devanagari script: रिहस (rihasa)

      Modi script: 𑘨𑘱𑘮𑘭 (rihasa)

      • Marathi: रीस (rīs)
  • Western Indo-Aryan:
    • Gujarati: રીંછ (rī̃ch)
    • ⇒ Romani: hirč
  • Garhwali: रिख (rikh)
• Bengali: ঋক্ষ (rikkho)
• Pali: accha
  • → Sanskrit: अच्छ (accha)
  • → Tamil: அச்சம் (accam)
• → Thai: ฤกษ์ (rə̂ək)

Unknown. Probably a hypercorrection of अच्छ (accha) (sense 1: not covered (by hair)).

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /r̩k.ʂɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈr̩k.ʂɐ/

ऋक्ष • (ṛkṣá) stem

1. bald, bare

Probably from the root ऋश् (√ṛś)

ऋक्ष • (ṛ́kṣa) stem

1. hurting, pernicious

ऋक्ष • (ṛ́kṣa) stem, m or n

1. star, constellation, lunar mansion

ऋक्ष • (ṛkṣa) stem, n

1. the twelfth part of the ecliptic
2. the particular star under which a person happens to be born

• → Thai: ฤกษ์ (rə̂ək)
• → Old Khmer: ṛkṣa (“lunar mansion”)
  • Khmer: ឫក្ស (rɨk)

ऋक्ष • (ṛkṣa) stem

1. cut, pierced

• “ऋ॑क्ष” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 96, column 2.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “ऋक्ष”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 056
• Monier Williams (1899) “ऋक्ष”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 224, column 3.
• Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 167