कण
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See also: कोण
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit कण (kaṇa).
Noun
कण • (kaṇ) m
Declension
Declension of कण (masc cons-stem)
Marathi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit कण (kaṇa).
Pronunciation
Noun
कण • (kaṇ) m
Declension
| Declension of कण (masc cons-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
कण kaṇ | ||
| direct plural |
कण kaṇ | ||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
| nominative प्रथमा |
कण kaṇ |
कण kaṇ | |
| oblique सामान्यरूप |
कणा kaṇā |
कणां- kaṇān- | |
| acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
कणाला kaṇālā |
कणांना kaṇānnā | |
| ergative | कणाने, कणानं kaṇāne, kaṇāna |
कणांनी kaṇānnī | |
| instrumental | कणाशी kaṇāśī |
कणांशी kaṇānśī | |
| locative सप्तमी |
कणात kaṇāt |
कणांत kaṇāt | |
| vocative संबोधन |
कणा kaṇā |
कणांनो kaṇānno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of कण (masc cons-stem) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
| singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
कणाचा kaṇāċā |
कणाचे kaṇāċe |
कणाची kaṇācī |
कणाच्या kaṇācā |
कणाचे, कणाचं kaṇāċe, kaṇāċa |
कणाची kaṇācī |
कणाच्या kaṇācā | |
| plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
कणांचा kaṇānċā |
कणांचे kaṇānċe |
कणांची kaṇāñcī |
कणांच्या kaṇāncā |
कणांचे, कणांचं kaṇānċe, kaṇānċa |
कणांची kaṇāñcī |
कणांच्या kaṇāñcā | |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | ||||||||
Derived terms
- धूलिकण (dhūlikaṇ, “dust particle”)
References
- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “कण”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- কণ (Assamese script)
- ᬓᬡ (Balinese script)
- কণ (Bengali script)
- 𑰎𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀓𑀡 (Brahmi script)
- ကဏ (Burmese script)
- કણ (Gujarati script)
- ਕਣ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌕𑌣 (Grantha script)
- ꦏꦟ (Javanese script)
- 𑂍𑂝 (Kaithi script)
- ಕಣ (Kannada script)
- កណ (Khmer script)
- ກຓ (Lao script)
- കണ (Malayalam script)
- ᡬᠠᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘎𑘜 (Modi script)
- ᢉᠠᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦮𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐎𑐞 (Newa script)
- କଣ (Odia script)
- ꢒꢠ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆑𑆟 (Sharada script)
- 𑖎𑖜 (Siddham script)
- කණ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩜𑩪 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚊𑚘 (Takri script)
- கண (Tamil script)
- కణ (Telugu script)
- กณ (Thai script)
- ཀ་ཎ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒏𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨋𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-Aryan *kánas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kánas, from Proto-Indo-European *kón-os, from *ken- (“dust, ashes”); if so, then cognate with Latin cinis, Ancient Greek κόνις (kónis). Alternatively, related to कनीयस् (kanīyas, “younger, smaller”).
Pronunciation
Noun
कण • (káṇa) stem, m
- any minute particle, atom
- a grain, grain of corn, single seed
- a grain or particle (of dust)
- flake (of snow)
- a drop (of water)
- a spark (of fire)
- the spark or facet of a gem
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of कण (káṇa) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | कणः káṇaḥ |
कणौ / कणा¹ káṇau / káṇā¹ |
कणाः / कणासः¹ káṇāḥ / káṇāsaḥ¹ |
| Vocative | कण káṇa |
कणौ / कणा¹ káṇau / káṇā¹ |
कणाः / कणासः¹ káṇāḥ / káṇāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | कणम् káṇam |
कणौ / कणा¹ káṇau / káṇā¹ |
कणान् káṇān |
| Instrumental | कणेन káṇena |
कणाभ्याम् káṇābhyām |
कणैः / कणेभिः¹ káṇaiḥ / káṇebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | कणाय káṇāya |
कणाभ्याम् káṇābhyām |
कणेभ्यः káṇebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | कणात् káṇāt |
कणाभ्याम् káṇābhyām |
कणेभ्यः káṇebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | कणस्य káṇasya |
कणयोः káṇayoḥ |
कणानाम् káṇānām |
| Locative | कणे káṇe |
कणयोः káṇayoḥ |
कणेषु káṇeṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Descendants
- Assamese: কণী (koni), কণা (kona), কনি (koni)
- Punjabi: ਕਣ (kaṇ)
- → Gujarati: કણ (kaṇ)
- → Hindi: कण (kaṇ)
- → Kannada: ಕಣ (kaṇa)
- → Malayalam: കണം (kaṇaṁ)
- → Marathi: कण (kaṇ)
- → Telugu: కణము (kaṇamu)
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “कण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 245/1.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 291
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 146