केतक

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /kɐj.tɐ.kɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈkeː.t̪ɐ.kɐ/

केतक • (ketaka) stem, m

1. screw pine (Pandanus fascicularis or odoratissimus) (MBh., R., Megh. etc.)
   • 8th c., Bhavabhuti, Uttararāmacarita (Rama's Last Act), Prelude to act III:

     किसलयमिव मुग्धं बन्धनाद्विप्रलूनम् । हृदय कुसुम शोषी दारुणो दीर्घ शोकः
     ग्लपयति परिपाण्डु क्षाममस्याः शरीरं । शरदि ज इव धर्मः केतकी गर्भ पत्रं ॥

     kisalayam iva mugdhaṃ bandhanād vipralūnam / ḥrdaya kusuma śoṣī dāruṇo dīrgha śokaḥ
     glapayati paripāṇḍu kṣāmam asyāḥ śarīraṃ / śaradi ja iva dharmaḥ ketakī garbha patram.

     Like a tender bud sheared off from its stem / her pallid and haggard body has been withered
     by long hard grief parching her heart’s flower / like autumn heat a leaf in a ketaki bud.

• Pali: ketaka, ketakī f
• Prakrit: 𑀓𑁂𑀅𑀕 (keaga), 𑀓𑁂𑀅𑀬 (keaya), 𑀓𑁂𑀅𑀕𑀻 f (keagī)
  • Helu Prakrit:
    • Dhivehi: ކަށިކެޔޮ (kaṣikeyo)
    • Sinhalese: කේ (kē)
  • Magadhi Prakrit:
    • Bengali: কেয়া (keẏa)
    • Odia: କିଆ (kiā)
  • →? Middle Persian: (gytyk /⁠gēdīg⁠/)
    • Persian: گیدی (gidi), کیدی (kidi), کادی (kâdi), کدر (perhaps misspelling)
      • → Arabic: كَاذِيّ (kāḏiyy)
      • → Ottoman Turkish: كاذی (kazi)
• ⇒ Prakrit: 𑀓𑁂𑀅𑀬𑁆𑀟 (keayḍa) (with Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀟- (-ḍa-))
  • Magadhi Prakrit:
    • Bengali: কেওড়া (keōṛa)
  • Maharastri Prakrit:
    • Marathi: केवडा (kevḍā)
  • Paisaci Prakrit:
    • Vracada Apabhramsa:
      • Sindhi:

        Arabic script: ڪيلو (also < कदल (kadala)), ڪيوِڙو (“banana, plantain”)

        Devanagari script: केलो (also < कदल (kadala)), केविड़ो (“banana, plantain”)

  • Sauraseni Prakrit:
    • Gurjara Apabhramsa:
      • Gujarati: કેવડો (kevḍo)
    • Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
      • Hindustani: kevṛā

        Hindi: केवड़ा

        Urdu: کیوڑا (kyoṛā), کیوڑہ (kyoṛh)

        • → English: kewra
• → Bengali: কেতকী (ketoki)
• → Gujarati: કેતક (ketak), કેતકી f (ketkī)
• → Kannada: ಕೇದಗೆ (kēdage)
• → Hindustani: ketkī f

  Hindi: केतकी

  Urdu: کیتْکِی (ketkī)

• → Malayalam: കേതകി (kētaki)
• → Marathi: केतकी (ketkī) f
• → Odia: କେତକୀ (ketaki)
• → Sindhi:

  Arabic script: ڪيتڪي

• → Tamil: கேதகை (kētakai); கைதை (kaitai)
• → Telugu: కేతకి (kētaki)
• → Tulu: ಕೇತಗೆ (kētage), ಕೇದಗೆ (kēdage), ಕೇದಯಿ (kēdayi), ಕೇದಿಗೆ (kēdige)

• Monier Williams (1899) “केतक”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0309.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kētaka”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press