क्रिया

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit क्रिया (kriyā́).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /kɾɪ.jɑː/,

Noun

क्रिया • (kriyā) f (Urdu spelling کریا)

1. (grammar) verb
2. doing, performance
3. action, act, deed
4. undertaking
5. business
6. use
7. work, labour; literary work
8. medical treatment or practice
9. religious act or ceremony, pious act, a duty
10. obsequies
11. oath

Declension

Derived terms

• क्रियाशील (kriyāśīl)

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “क्रिया”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Platts, John T. (1884) “क्रिया”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit क्रिया (kriyā).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɾi.ja/

Noun

क्रिया • (kriyā) f

1. action, activity, act
2. process

   Synonym: प्रक्रिया (prakriyā)

3. doing
4. deed

   Synonym: कर्म (karma)

5. religious rite

Declension

Derived terms

References

• Berntsen, Maxine, “क्रिया”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From क्रिय् (kriy) +‎ -आ (-ā), in which क्रिय् (kriy) is a back-formation from क्रियते (kriyate), passive of करोति (karoti).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /kɾi.jɑ́ː/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈkɾi.jɑː/

Noun

क्रिया • (kriyā́) stem, f

1. doing, performing, performance, occupation with (in compounds), business, act, action, undertaking, activity, work, labour
2. bodily action, exercise of the limbs
3. (grammar) action (as the general idea expressed by any verb), verb

   सकर्मक्रिया (sakarmakriyā) — "active" verb

   अकर्मक्रिया (akarmakriyā) — intransitive verb

4. noun of action
5. literary work
6. medical treatment or practice, applying a remedy, cure

   समक्रियत्व (samakriyatva) — ?

   विषमक्रिय (viṣamakriya) — undergoing unequal (medical) treatment

7. a religious rite or ceremony, sacrificial act, sacrifice
8. (with caramā), "the last ceremony", rites performed immediately after death, obsequies, purificatory rites (as ablution etc.)
9. religious action, worship
10. Religious Action (personified as a daughter of Daksha and wife of Dharma; or as a daughter of Kardama and wife of Kratu)
11. judicial investigation (by human means, as by witnesses, documents etc., or by superhuman means, as by various ordeals)
12. atonement
13. disquisition
14. study
15. means, expedient

Declension

Descendants

• → Assamese: ক্ৰিয়া (kria)
• → English: Kriya, kriya
• → Burmese: ကြိယာ (kri.ya)
• → Hindi: क्रिया (kriyā)
• → Javanese: ꦏꦿꦶꦪ (kriya)
• → Khmer: កិរិយា (keriyaa)
• → Marathi: क्रिया (kriyā)
• → Nepali: क्रिया (kriyā)
• → Punjabi: ਕਿਰਿਆ (kiriā)
• → Sinhalese: ක්‍රියාව (kriyāwa)
• → Tamil: கிரியை (kiriyai)
• → Telugu: క్రియ (kriya)
• → Thai: กริยา (grì-yaa)
• → Urdu: کریا (kryā)

References

• “क्रिया” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 137.
• Monier Williams (1899) “क्रिया”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0320.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “क्रिया”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 076
• Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 257