गणयति

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

গণয়তি (Assamese script)
ᬕᬡᬬᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
গণয়তি (Bengali script)
𑰐𑰜𑰧𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀕𑀡𑀬𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
ဂဏယတိ (Burmese script)
ગણયતિ (Gujarati script)
ਗਣਯਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌗𑌣𑌯𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
ꦒꦟꦪꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
𑂏𑂝𑂨𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
ಗಣಯತಿ (Kannada script)
គណយតិ (Khmer script)
ຄຓຍຕິ (Lao script)
ഗണയതി (Malayalam script)
ᡤᠠᢏᠠᠶᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
𑘐𑘜𑘧𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
ᠺᠠᢏᠠᠶ᠋ᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
𑦰𑦼𑧇𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
𑐐𑐞𑐫𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
ଗଣଯତି (Odia script)
ꢔꢠꢫꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
𑆓𑆟𑆪𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
𑖐𑖜𑖧𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
ගණයති (Sinhalese script)
𑩞𑩪𑩻𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
𑚌𑚘𑚣𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
க³ணயதி (Tamil script)
గణయతి (Telugu script)
คณยติ (Thai script)
ག་ཎ་ཡ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
𑒑𑒝𑒨𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
𑨍𑨘𑨪𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From the root गण् (gaṇ) +‎ -अयति (-ayati)

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɐ.ɳɐ́.jɐ.ti/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɐ.ɳɐ.jɐ.t̪i/

Verb

गणयति • (gaṇayati) third-singular indicative (class 10, type P, present, root गण्)

count, number, enumerate, sum up, add up, reckon, calculate, compute, take into account
collect into one series
esteem, think worth, value at
- c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata 3:
  I do not value him at a straw
consider, regard as, enumerate among (with loc.)
ascribe, attribute to (with loc.)
attend to, take notice of
(with a negative particle) not care about, leave unnoticed
न गणयति मृत्युम्
na gaṇayati mṛtyum
he does not care for death

Conjugation

Forms of Sanskrit verbs are numerous and complicated. The following conjugation shows only a subset of all forms and should be treated as a guide.

Nonfinite Forms: गणयितुम् (gaṇáyitum)
	Undeclinable
Infinitive	गणयितुम् gaṇáyitum
Gerund	गणित्वा gaṇitvā́
	Participles
Masculine/Neuter Gerundive	गणयितव्य / गणनीय gaṇayitavyà / gaṇanī́ya
Feminine Gerundive	गणयितव्या / गणनीया gaṇayitavyā̀ / gaṇanī́yā
Masculine/Neuter Past Passive Participle	गणित gaṇitá
Feminine Past Passive Participle	गणिता gaṇitā́
Masculine/Neuter Past Active Participle	गणितवत् gaṇitávat
Feminine Past Active Participle	गणितवती gaṇitávatī

Present: गणयति (gaṇáyati), गणयते (gaṇáyate)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	गणयति gaṇáyati	गणयतः gaṇáyataḥ	गणयन्ति gaṇáyanti	गणयते gaṇáyate	गणयेते gaṇáyete	गणयन्ते gaṇáyante
Second	गणयसि gaṇáyasi	गणयथः gaṇáyathaḥ	गणयथ gaṇáyatha	गणयसे gaṇáyase	गणयेथे gaṇáyethe	गणयध्वे gaṇáyadhve
First	गणयामि gaṇáyāmi	गणयावः gaṇáyāvaḥ	गणयामः / गणयामसि¹ gaṇáyāmaḥ / gaṇáyāmasi¹	गणये gaṇáye	गणयावहे gaṇáyāvahe	गणयामहे gaṇáyāmahe
Imperative
Third	गणयतु gaṇáyatu	गणयताम् gaṇáyatām	गणयन्तु gaṇáyantu	गणयताम् gaṇáyatām	गणयेताम् gaṇáyetām	गणयन्ताम् gaṇáyantām
Second	गणय gaṇáya	गणयतम् gaṇáyatam	गणयत gaṇáyata	गणयस्व gaṇáyasva	गणयेथाम् gaṇáyethām	गणयध्वम् gaṇáyadhvam
First	गणयानि gaṇáyāni	गणयाव gaṇáyāva	गणयाम gaṇáyāma	गणयै gaṇáyai	गणयावहै gaṇáyāvahai	गणयामहै gaṇáyāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	गणयेत् gaṇáyet	गणयेताम् gaṇáyetām	गणयेयुः gaṇáyeyuḥ	गणयेत gaṇáyeta	गणयेयाताम् gaṇáyeyātām	गणयेरन् gaṇáyeran
Second	गणयेः gaṇáyeḥ	गणयेतम् gaṇáyetam	गणयेत gaṇáyeta	गणयेथाः gaṇáyethāḥ	गणयेयाथाम् gaṇáyeyāthām	गणयेध्वम् gaṇáyedhvam
First	गणयेयम् gaṇáyeyam	गणयेव gaṇáyeva	गणयेम gaṇáyema	गणयेय gaṇáyeya	गणयेवहि gaṇáyevahi	गणयेमहि gaṇáyemahi
Subjunctive
Third	गणयात् / गणयाति gaṇáyāt / gaṇáyāti	गणयातः gaṇáyātaḥ	गणयान् gaṇáyān	गणयाते / गणयातै gaṇáyāte / gaṇáyātai	गणयैते gaṇáyaite	गणयन्त / गणयान्तै gaṇáyanta / gaṇáyāntai
Second	गणयाः / गणयासि gaṇáyāḥ / gaṇáyāsi	गणयाथः gaṇáyāthaḥ	गणयाथ gaṇáyātha	गणयासे / गणयासै gaṇáyāse / gaṇáyāsai	गणयैथे gaṇáyaithe	गणयाध्वै gaṇáyādhvai
First	गणयानि gaṇáyāni	गणयाव gaṇáyāva	गणयाम gaṇáyāma	गणयै gaṇáyai	गणयावहै gaṇáyāvahai	गणयामहै gaṇáyāmahai
Participles
	गणयत् gaṇáyat			गणयमान / गणयान² gaṇáyamāna / gaṇayāna²
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit. ¹Vedic ²Later Sanskrit

Imperfect: अगणयत् (ágaṇayat), अगणयत (ágaṇayata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अगणयत् ágaṇayat	अगणयताम् ágaṇayatām	अगणयन् ágaṇayan	अगणयत ágaṇayata	अगणयेताम् ágaṇayetām	अगणयन्त ágaṇayanta
Second	अगणयः ágaṇayaḥ	अगणयतम् ágaṇayatam	अगणयत ágaṇayata	अगणयथाः ágaṇayathāḥ	अगणयेथाम् ágaṇayethām	अगणयध्वम् ágaṇayadhvam
First	अगणयम् ágaṇayam	अगणयाव ágaṇayāva	अगणयाम ágaṇayāma	अगणये ágaṇaye	अगणयावहि ágaṇayāvahi	अगणयामहि ágaṇayāmahi

Future: गणयिष्यति (gaṇayiṣyáti), गणयिष्यते (gaṇayiṣyáte)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	गणयिष्यति gaṇayiṣyáti	गणयिष्यतः gaṇayiṣyátaḥ	गणयिष्यन्ति gaṇayiṣyánti	गणयिष्यते gaṇayiṣyáte	गणयिष्येते gaṇayiṣyéte	गणयिष्यन्ते gaṇayiṣyánte
Second	गणयिष्यसि gaṇayiṣyási	गणयिष्यथः gaṇayiṣyáthaḥ	गणयिष्यथ gaṇayiṣyátha	गणयिष्यसे gaṇayiṣyáse	गणयिष्येथे gaṇayiṣyéthe	गणयिष्यध्वे gaṇayiṣyádhve
First	गणयिष्यामि gaṇayiṣyā́mi	गणयिष्यावः gaṇayiṣyā́vaḥ	गणयिष्यामः / गणयिष्यामसि¹ gaṇayiṣyā́maḥ / gaṇayiṣyā́masi¹	गणयिष्ये gaṇayiṣyé	गणयिष्यावहे gaṇayiṣyā́vahe	गणयिष्यामहे gaṇayiṣyā́mahe
Participles
	गणयिष्यत् gaṇayiṣyát			गणयिष्यमाण gaṇayiṣyámāṇa
Notes	¹Vedic

Conditional: अगणयिष्यत् (ágaṇayiṣyat), अगणयिष्यत (ágaṇayiṣyata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अगणयिष्यत् ágaṇayiṣyat	अगणयिष्यताम् ágaṇayiṣyatām	अगणयिष्यन् ágaṇayiṣyan	अगणयिष्यत ágaṇayiṣyata	अगणयिष्येताम् ágaṇayiṣyetām	अगणयिष्यन्त ágaṇayiṣyanta
Second	अगणयिष्यः ágaṇayiṣyaḥ	अगणयिष्यतम् ágaṇayiṣyatam	अगणयिष्यत ágaṇayiṣyata	अगणयिष्यथाः ágaṇayiṣyathāḥ	अगणयिष्येथाम् ágaṇayiṣyethām	अगणयिष्यध्वम् ágaṇayiṣyadhvam
First	अगणयिष्यम् ágaṇayiṣyam	अगणयिष्याव ágaṇayiṣyāva	अगणयिष्याम ágaṇayiṣyāma	अगणयिष्ये ágaṇayiṣye	अगणयिष्यावहि ágaṇayiṣyāvahi	अगणयिष्यामहि ágaṇayiṣyāmahi

Benedictive/Precative: गण्यात् (gaṇyā́t) or गण्याः (gaṇyā́ḥ), गणयिषीष्ट (gaṇayiṣīṣṭá)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Optative/Potential
Third	गण्यात् / गण्याः¹ gaṇyā́t / gaṇyā́ḥ¹	गण्यास्ताम् gaṇyā́stām	गण्यासुः gaṇyā́suḥ	गणयिषीष्ट gaṇayiṣīṣṭá	गणयिषीयास्ताम्² gaṇayiṣīyā́stām²	गणयिषीरन् gaṇayiṣīrán
Second	गण्याः gaṇyā́ḥ	गण्यास्तम् gaṇyā́stam	गण्यास्त gaṇyā́sta	गणयिषीष्ठाः gaṇayiṣīṣṭhā́ḥ	गणयिषीयास्थाम्² gaṇayiṣīyā́sthām²	गणयिषीढ्वम् gaṇayiṣīḍhvám
First	गण्यासम् gaṇyā́sam	गण्यास्व gaṇyā́sva	गण्यास्म gaṇyā́sma	गणयिषीय gaṇayiṣīyá	गणयिषीवहि gaṇayiṣīváhi	गणयिषीमहि gaṇayiṣīmáhi
Notes	¹Vedic ²Uncertain

Perfect: गणयामास (gaṇayā́mā́sa) or गणयांचकार (gaṇayā́ṃcakā́ra), गणयांचक्रे (gaṇayā́ṃcakré)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	गणयामास / गणयांचकार gaṇayā́mā́sa / gaṇayā́ṃcakā́ra	गणयामासतुः / गणयांचक्रतुः gaṇayā́māsátuḥ / gaṇayā́ṃcakrátuḥ	गणयामासुः / गणयांचक्रुः gaṇayā́māsúḥ / gaṇayā́ṃcakrúḥ	गणयांचक्रे gaṇayā́ṃcakré	गणयांचक्राते gaṇayā́ṃcakrā́te	गणयांचक्रिरे gaṇayā́ṃcakriré
Second	गणयामासिथ / गणयांचकर्थ gaṇayā́mā́sitha / gaṇayā́ṃcakártha	गणयामासथुः / गणयांचक्रथुः gaṇayā́māsáthuḥ / gaṇayā́ṃcakráthuḥ	गणयामास / गणयांचक्र gaṇayā́māsá / gaṇayā́ṃcakrá	गणयांचकृषे gaṇayā́ṃcakṛṣé	गणयांचक्राथे gaṇayā́ṃcakrā́the	गणयांचकृध्वे gaṇayā́ṃcakṛdhvé
First	गणयामास / गणयांचकर gaṇayā́mā́sa / gaṇayā́ṃcakára	गणयामासिव / गणयांचकृव gaṇayā́māsivá / gaṇayā́ṃcakṛvá	गणयामासिम / गणयांचकृम gaṇayā́māsimá / gaṇayā́ṃcakṛmá	गणयांचक्रे gaṇayā́ṃcakré	गणयांचकृवहे gaṇayā́ṃcakṛváhe	गणयांचकृमहे gaṇayā́ṃcakṛmáhe
Participles
	गणयामासिवांस् / गणयांचकृवांस् gaṇayā́māsivā́ṃs / gaṇayā́ṃcakṛvā́ṃs			गणयांचक्राण gaṇayā́ṃcakrāṇá

Descendants

Dardic:
- Dameli: gaṇ
- Kalami: gän
- Kashmiri: (gaṇṇo)
- → Proto-Nuristani:
  - Ashkun: gäṇ
  - Waigali: gaṇ
Pali: gaṇeti
Prakrit: 𑀕𑀡𑁂𑀇 (gaṇei), 𑀕𑀡𑀇 (gaṇaï) (see there for further descendants)
→ Tamil: கணி (kaṇi)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “गणयति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 342.
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ganayati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 213

गणयति

Contents