गन्ध • (gandh) f
गन्ध m
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | गन्धो (gandho) | गन्धा (gandhā) |
| Accusative (second) | गन्धं (gandhaṃ) | गन्धे (gandhe) |
| Instrumental (third) | गन्धेन (gandhena) | गन्धेहि (gandhehi) or गन्धेभि (gandhebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | गन्धस्स (gandhassa) or गन्धाय (gandhāya) or गन्धत्थं (gandhatthaṃ) | गन्धानं (gandhānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | गन्धस्मा (gandhasmā) or गन्धम्हा (gandhamhā) or गन्धा (gandhā) | गन्धेहि (gandhehi) or गन्धेभि (gandhebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | गन्धस्स (gandhassa) | गन्धानं (gandhānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | गन्धस्मिं (gandhasmiṃ) or गन्धम्हि (gandhamhi) or गन्धे (gandhe) | गन्धेसु (gandhesu) |
| Vocative (calling) | गन्ध (gandha) | गन्धा (gandhā) |
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *g(ʰ)andʰ- (“to smell”); further etymology unknown, and likely a borrowing, perhaps from the BMAC substrate.[1] Alternative theories consider a relation to गध्य (gadhya, “to be seized or gained as booty”), citing a semantic parallel with सुरभि (surabhi, “sweet-smelling, fragrant”, literally “seizing pleasantly”) and its root रभ् (rabh, “to grasp”).[2] Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬌𐬧𐬙𐬌 (gaiṇti, “stench”), 𐬛𐬎𐬲𐬔𐬀𐬌𐬧𐬙𐬌 (dužgaiṇti, “smelling badly”), Sogdian γnt (“stench”), Persian گنده (gande, “stench”), Northern Luri گںن (gən).
गन्ध • (gandhá) stem, m
| Masculine a-stem declension of गन्ध (gandhá) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | गन्धः gandháḥ |
गन्धौ / गन्धा¹ gandhaú / gandhā́¹ |
गन्धाः / गन्धासः¹ gandhā́ḥ / gandhā́saḥ¹ |
| Vocative | गन्ध gándha |
गन्धौ / गन्धा¹ gándhau / gándhā¹ |
गन्धाः / गन्धासः¹ gándhāḥ / gándhāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | गन्धम् gandhám |
गन्धौ / गन्धा¹ gandhaú / gandhā́¹ |
गन्धान् gandhā́n |
| Instrumental | गन्धेन gandhéna |
गन्धाभ्याम् gandhā́bhyām |
गन्धैः / गन्धेभिः¹ gandhaíḥ / gandhébhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | गन्धाय gandhā́ya |
गन्धाभ्याम् gandhā́bhyām |
गन्धेभ्यः gandhébhyaḥ |
| Ablative | गन्धात् gandhā́t |
गन्धाभ्याम् gandhā́bhyām |
गन्धेभ्यः gandhébhyaḥ |
| Genitive | गन्धस्य gandhásya |
गन्धयोः gandháyoḥ |
गन्धानाम् gandhā́nām |
| Locative | गन्धे gandhé |
गन्धयोः gandháyoḥ |
गन्धेषु gandhéṣu |
| Notes |
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Borrowed terms