गृह

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Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गृह (gṛhá). Doublet of घर (ghar).

Pronunciation

  • (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /ɡɾiːɦ/, , /ɡɾɪ.ɦᵊ/

Noun

गृह (gŕhm (Urdu spelling گرہ)

  1. house, dwelling, habitation
    Synonyms: घर (ghar), मकान (makān), भवन (bhavan)

Declension

References

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰr̥dʰás (house), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰr̥dʰ-ó-s, from *gʰerdʰ- (enclosure). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (gərəδa), Old Church Slavonic градъ (gradŭ, city), English yard.

Pronunciation

Noun

गृह (gṛha) stemm or n

  1. a house, habitation, home, dwelling
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.49.1:
      उषो॑ भ॒द्रेभि॒रा ग॑हि दि॒वश्चि॑द्रोच॒नादधि॑ ।
      वह॑न्त्वरु॒णप्स॑व॒ उप॑ त्वा सो॒मिनो॑ गृ॒हम्
      úṣo bhadrébhirā́ gahi diváścidrocanā́dádhi .
      váhantvaruṇápsava úpa tvā somíno gṛhám .
      Uṣas, come by auspicious way from the bright firmament; let the purple kine bring you to the dwelling of the offer of Soma.
  2. assistant, servant
  3. the inhabitants of a house, family
    1. wife; householder
  4. (at the end of a compound, with names of gods) a temple
    चण्डिकागृहcaṇḍikāgṛhaa temple of Durgā
    देवतागृहdevatāgṛhatemple, chapel
  5. (at the end of a compound, with name of plants) a bower

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of गृह (gṛhá)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative गृहः
gṛháḥ
गृहौ / गृहा¹
gṛhaú / gṛhā́¹
गृहाः / गृहासः¹
gṛhā́ḥ / gṛhā́saḥ¹
Vocative गृह
gṛ́ha
गृहौ / गृहा¹
gṛ́hau / gṛ́hā¹
गृहाः / गृहासः¹
gṛ́hāḥ / gṛ́hāsaḥ¹
Accusative गृहम्
gṛhám
गृहौ / गृहा¹
gṛhaú / gṛhā́¹
गृहान्
gṛhā́n
Instrumental गृहेण
gṛhéṇa
गृहाभ्याम्
gṛhā́bhyām
गृहैः / गृहेभिः¹
gṛhaíḥ / gṛhébhiḥ¹
Dative गृहाय
gṛhā́ya
गृहाभ्याम्
gṛhā́bhyām
गृहेभ्यः
gṛhébhyaḥ
Ablative गृहात्
gṛhā́t
गृहाभ्याम्
gṛhā́bhyām
गृहेभ्यः
gṛhébhyaḥ
Genitive गृहस्य
gṛhásya
गृहयोः
gṛháyoḥ
गृहाणाम्
gṛhā́ṇām
Locative गृहे
gṛhé
गृहयोः
gṛháyoḥ
गृहेषु
gṛhéṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
  • In later Sanskrit only the plural forms of the masculine were used.
Neuter a-stem declension of गृह (gṛhá)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative गृहम्
gṛhám
गृहे
gṛhé
गृहाणि / गृहा¹
gṛhā́ṇi / gṛhā́¹
Vocative गृह
gṛ́ha
गृहे
gṛ́he
गृहाणि / गृहा¹
gṛ́hāṇi / gṛ́hā¹
Accusative गृहम्
gṛhám
गृहे
gṛhé
गृहाणि / गृहा¹
gṛhā́ṇi / gṛhā́¹
Instrumental गृहेण
gṛhéṇa
गृहाभ्याम्
gṛhā́bhyām
गृहैः / गृहेभिः¹
gṛhaíḥ / gṛhébhiḥ¹
Dative गृहाय
gṛhā́ya
गृहाभ्याम्
gṛhā́bhyām
गृहेभ्यः
gṛhébhyaḥ
Ablative गृहात्
gṛhā́t
गृहाभ्याम्
gṛhā́bhyām
गृहेभ्यः
gṛhébhyaḥ
Genitive गृहस्य
gṛhásya
गृहयोः
gṛháyoḥ
गृहाणाम्
gṛhā́ṇām
Locative गृहे
gṛhé
गृहयोः
gṛháyoḥ
गृहेषु
gṛhéṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
  • Used only in the sense "house".

Noun

गृह (gṛhá) stemn

  1. wife
  2. zodiac sign
  3. an astrological mansion
  4. name of the 4th astrological mansion
  5. (chess) square

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of गृह (gṛhá)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative गृहम्
gṛhám
गृहे
gṛhé
गृहाणि / गृहा¹
gṛhā́ṇi / gṛhā́¹
Vocative गृह
gṛ́ha
गृहे
gṛ́he
गृहाणि / गृहा¹
gṛ́hāṇi / gṛ́hā¹
Accusative गृहम्
gṛhám
गृहे
gṛhé
गृहाणि / गृहा¹
gṛhā́ṇi / gṛhā́¹
Instrumental गृहेण
gṛhéṇa
गृहाभ्याम्
gṛhā́bhyām
गृहैः / गृहेभिः¹
gṛhaíḥ / gṛhébhiḥ¹
Dative गृहाय
gṛhā́ya
गृहाभ्याम्
gṛhā́bhyām
गृहेभ्यः
gṛhébhyaḥ
Ablative गृहात्
gṛhā́t
गृहाभ्याम्
gṛhā́bhyām
गृहेभ्यः
gṛhébhyaḥ
Genitive गृहस्य
gṛhásya
गृहयोः
gṛháyoḥ
गृहाणाम्
gṛhā́ṇām
Locative गृहे
gṛhé
गृहयोः
gṛháyoḥ
गृहेषु
gṛhéṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  • Monier Williams (1899) “गृह”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0361/3.
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 495