घर्म

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Hindi

Etymology

    Borrowed from Sanskrit घ॒र्म (gharmá). Doublet of गर्म (garm), a borrowing from Persian.

    Pronunciation

    • (Delhi) IPA(key): /ɡʱəɾm/,

    Noun

    घर्म (gharmm (Urdu spelling گھرم)

    1. heat
    2. hot weather
    3. summer
    4. sunshine

    Declension

    See also

    Sanskrit

    Alternative scripts

    Etymology

      Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰarmás, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- + *-mós.

      Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬨𐬀 (garəma, hot; warmth), Persian گرم (garm), Ancient Greek θερμός (thermós), Latin formus, furnus.

      Pronunciation

      Noun

      घ॒र्म (gharmá) stemm (root घृ)

      1. heat, warmth
        • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.180.4:
          यु॒वं ह॑ घ॒र्मं मधु॑मन्त॒मत्र॑ये॒ऽपो न क्षोदो॑ऽवृणीतमे॒षे ।
          तद्वां॑ नरावश्विना॒ पश्व॑इष्टी॒ रथ्ये॑व च॒क्रा प्रति॑ यन्ति॒ मध्वः॑ ॥
          yuváṃ ha gharmáṃ mádhumantamátrayeʼpó ná kṣódoʼvṛṇītameṣé.
          tádvāṃ narāvaśvinā páśvaïṣṭī ráthyeva cakrā́ práti yanti mádhvaḥ.
          Ye made the fierce heat to be full of sweetness for Atri at his wish, like streaming water.
          Fire-offering thence is yours, O Aśvins, Heroes: your car-wheels speed to us like springs of honey.
      2. hot weather
      3. sunshine

      Declension

      Masculine a-stem declension of घर्म (gharmá)
      Singular Dual Plural
      Nominative घर्मः
      gharmáḥ
      घर्मौ / घर्मा¹
      gharmaú / gharmā́¹
      घर्माः / घर्मासः¹
      gharmā́ḥ / gharmā́saḥ¹
      Vocative घर्म
      ghárma
      घर्मौ / घर्मा¹
      ghármau / ghármā¹
      घर्माः / घर्मासः¹
      ghármāḥ / ghármāsaḥ¹
      Accusative घर्मम्
      gharmám
      घर्मौ / घर्मा¹
      gharmaú / gharmā́¹
      घर्मान्
      gharmā́n
      Instrumental घर्मेण
      gharméṇa
      घर्माभ्याम्
      gharmā́bhyām
      घर्मैः / घर्मेभिः¹
      gharmaíḥ / gharmébhiḥ¹
      Dative घर्माय
      gharmā́ya
      घर्माभ्याम्
      gharmā́bhyām
      घर्मेभ्यः
      gharmébhyaḥ
      Ablative घर्मात्
      gharmā́t
      घर्माभ्याम्
      gharmā́bhyām
      घर्मेभ्यः
      gharmébhyaḥ
      Genitive घर्मस्य
      gharmásya
      घर्मयोः
      gharmáyoḥ
      घर्माणाम्
      gharmā́ṇām
      Locative घर्मे
      gharmé
      घर्मयोः
      gharmáyoḥ
      घर्मेषु
      gharméṣu
      Notes
      • ¹Vedic

      Descendants

      • Pali: ghamma
      • Prakrit: 𑀖𑀫𑁆𑀫 (ghamma) (see there for further descendants)
      Borrowed terms

      Further reading

      • Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “gharma”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.