चक्र

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit चक्र (cakra). Doublet of चक्कर (cakkar) and चरख़ा (carxā).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃək.ɾᵊ/,

Noun

चक्र • (cakra) m (Urdu spelling چکر)

1. circle, ring
2. wheel
3. cycle; sequence, progression

   जल चक्र ― jal cakra ― water cycle

4. (historical) chakram (an old Indian coin from Travancore)

Declension

Synonyms

• चक्कर (cakkar) (less formal)

Derived terms

• दुष्चक्र (duṣcakra)
• चक्र फूल (cakra phūl)
• चक्रव्यूह (cakravyūh)

References

• Bahri, Hardev (1989) “चक्र”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
• Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “चक्र”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
• “चक्र”, in Collins Gem Hindi-English Dictionary, Collins, 2011, →ISBN
• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “चक्र”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi : Nagari Pracarini Sabha
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “चक्र”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Platts, John T. (1884) “चक्र”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕɐk.ɾɐ́/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ɕɐk.ɾɐ/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *ćakrám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čakrám, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷékʷlos (“circle, wheel”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬗𐬀𐬑𐬭𐬀 (caxra, “wheel”), Persian چرخ (čarx), Old Church Slavonic коло (kolo), Lithuanian kãklas, Tocharian B kokale, Ancient Greek κύκλος (kúklos), Latin colus, Old English hwēol (whence English wheel).

Noun

चक्र • (cakrá) stem, n or m

1. the wheel (of a carriage, of the Sun's chariot, of Time)
2. a potter's wheel (ShBr.)
3. a discus or sharp circular missile weapon, especially that of Vishnu
4. a circle (Puranic)
5. an astronomical circle, the zodiac
6. a mystical circle or diagram
7. a cycle, cycle of years or of seasons
8. a circle or depression of the body (for mystical or chiromantic purposes; 6 in number, one above the other), the fontenelle or union of the coronal and sagittal sutures
9. (prosody) name of a poetic metre
10. a troop, multitude

Declension

Derived terms

• गणचक्र (gaṇacakra)

Descendants

Etymology 2

Verb form

चक्र • (cakrá)

1. second-person plural active of चकार (cakāra), perfect of कृ (kṛ)

References