चन्द्र

Hindi

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃən.d̪ɾᵊ/,

Noun

चन्द्र • (candra) m

1. Alternative spelling of चंद्र (candra)

Declension

Konkani

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra).

Noun

चन्द्र • (candr) (Latin script chandr, Kannada script ಚನ್ದ್ರ)

1. the Moon

Declension

Marathi

Noun

चन्द्र • (candra) m

1. Alternative spelling of चंद्र (candra)

Nepali

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):
• Phonetic Devanagari: चन्द्र

Noun

चन्द्र • (candra)

1. (astronomy) moon

   Synonyms: चन्द्रमा (candramā), जून (jūna)

References

• “चन्द्र”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś)‎, Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018
• Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993) “चन्द्र”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *(s)ćandrás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *(s)čandrás, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kand-. Doublet of श्चन्द्र (ścandrá, “shining, radiant”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κάνδαρος (kándaros, “charcoal”), Latin candeō, Old Armenian խանդ (xand).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕɐn.dɾɐ́/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ɕɐn̪.d̪ɾɐ/

Adjective

चन्द्र • (candrá)

1. glittering, shining (as gold), having the brilliancy or hue of light (said of gods, of water and of soma)
   • RV 10.121.9c

     मा नो हिंसीज्जनिता यः पर्थिव्या यो वा दिवंसत्यधर्मा जजान |

     यश्चापश्चन्द्रा बर्हतीर्जजानकस्मै देवाय हविषा विधेम ||

     mā no hiṃsījjanitā yaḥ pṛthivyā yo vā divaṃsatyadharmā jajāna |

     yaścāpaścandrā bṛhatīrjajānakasmai devāya haviṣā vidhema ||

     Ne'er may he harm us who is earth's Begetter, nor he whose laws are sure, the heavens' Creator,

     He who brought forth the great and lucid waters. What God shall we adore with our oblation?

Declension

Noun

चन्द्र • (candrá) stem, m

1. the moon (also personified as a deity)
   • RV 1.24.10d

     अमी य रक्षा निहितास उच्चा नक्तं दद्र्श्रे कुह चिद दिवेयुः |

     अदब्धानि वरुणस्य वरतानि विचाकशच्चन्द्रमा नक्तमेति ||

     amī ya ṛkṣā nihitāsa uccā naktaṃ dadṛśre kuha cid diveyuḥ |

     adabdhāni varuṇasya vratāni vicākaśaccandramā naktameti ||

     Whither by day depart the constellations that shine at night, set high in heaven above us?

     Varuna's holy laws remain unweakened, and through the night the Moon moves on in splendor. # (at the end of a compound) "the moon of" i.e. the most excellent among

   पार्थिवचन्द्र (pārthiva-candra) or नरेन्द्रचन्द्र (narendra-candra) — a most excellent king

2. the number "one"
3. a lovely or agreeable phenomenon of any kind
4. a spot similar to the moon
5. the eye in a peacock's tail
6. the mark of the visarga
7. a kind of reddish pearl
8. camphor
9. water
10. the काम्पिल्ल (kāmpilla) plant
11. (prosody) a metre of 4×19 syllables
12. name of a daitya (= चन्द्रवर्मन् (candra-varman), king of the kāmbojas)
13. name of a son of Kṛṣṇa
14. name of a son of विश्वगन्धि (viśva-gandhi) and father of युवनाश्व (yuvanāśva)
15. name of a grammarian (= चन्द्रगोमिन् (candra-gomin))
16. name of a king
17. name of one of the ancestors of the गौड (gauḍa) Brahmins
18. name of several other men
19. name one of the 18 minor dvīpas
20. = चन्द्रपर्वत (candra-parvata)

Declension

Antonyms

• सूर्य (sū́rya, “sun”)

Derived terms

• चन्द्रिका (candrikā)
• रामचन्द्र (rāmacandra)

Related terms

• चण्ड (cáṇḍa)
• चण्डिमन् (caṇḍiman)

Descendants

See also

• मास (mā́sa)
• सोम (sóma)

Noun

चन्द्र • (candrá) stem, n

1. gold
   • RV 2.2.4c

     तमुक्षमाणं रजसि सव आ दमे चन्द्रमिव सुरुचं हवार आ दधुः |

     पर्श्न्याः पतरं चितयन्तमक्षभिः पाथो न पायुं जनसी उभे अनु ||

     tamukṣamāṇaṃ rajasi sva ā dame candramiva surucaṃ hvāra ā dadhuḥ |

     pṛśnyāḥ pataraṃ citayantamakṣabhiḥ pātho na pāyuṃ janasī ubhe anu ||

     Him have they set in his own dwelling, in the vault, like the gold waxing, fulgent, in the realm of air.

     Bird of the firmament, observant with his eyes, guard of the place as'twere, looking to Gods and men.

2. a kind of sour rice-gruel
3. name of a sāman
4. cardamoms
5. Cocculus cordifolius (गुडूची (guḍūcī))
6. = चन्द्रास्पदा (candrā-spadā)
7. name of a river

Declension

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “चन्द्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 386.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 528-529