चष्मा

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Marathi

Alternative forms

Etymology

Ultimately from Classical Persian چشم (čašm, “eye”), from Middle Persian AYNE, čšm (čašm, “eye”), from Old Persian 𐎨𐏁𐎠𐎶𐎴 (c-š-ma-n), from Proto-Iranian *čášma, *čašman, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čáćšma (“sight”). Cognate with Assamese চছমা (sosoma), Bengali চশমা (cośma), Gujarati ચશ્માં (caśmā̃), Hindi चश्मा (caśmā), Punjabi ਚਸ਼ਮਾ (caśmā).

Pronunciation

Noun

चष्मा • (caṣmā) m

  1. spectacles, glasses

Declension

Declension of चष्मा (masc ā-stem)
direct
singular 		चष्मा
caṣmā
direct
plural 		चष्मे
caṣme
singular
एकवचन 		plural
अनेकवचन
nominative
प्रथमा 		चष्मा
caṣmā 		चष्मे
caṣme
oblique
सामान्यरूप 		चष्म्या
caṣmyā 		चष्म्यां-
caṣmyān-
acc. / dative
द्वितीया / चतुर्थी 		चष्म्याला
caṣmyālā 		चष्म्यांना
caṣmyānnā
ergative चष्म्याने, चष्म्यानं
caṣmyāne, caṣmyāna 		चष्म्यांनी
caṣmyānnī
instrumental चष्म्याशी
caṣmyāśī 		चष्म्यांशी
caṣmyānśī
locative
सप्तमी 		चष्म्यात
caṣmyāt 		चष्म्यांत
caṣmyāt
vocative
संबोधन 		चष्म्या
caṣmyā 		चष्म्यांनो
caṣmyānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions.
There is no space between the stem and the postposition.
Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.
Genitive declension of चष्मा (masc ā-stem)
masculine object
पुल्लिंगी कर्म 		feminine object
स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म 		neuter object
नपुसकलिंगी कर्म 		oblique
सामान्यरूप
singular
एकवचन 		plural
अनेकवचन 		singular
एकवचन 		plural
अनेकवचन 		singular*
एकवचन 		plural
अनेकवचन
singular subject
एकवचनी कर्ता 		चष्म्याचा
caṣmyāċā 		चष्म्याचे
caṣmyāċe 		चष्म्याची
caṣmyācī 		चष्म्याच्या
caṣmyācā 		चष्म्याचे, चष्म्याचं
caṣmyāċe, caṣmyāċa 		चष्म्याची
caṣmyācī 		चष्म्याच्या
caṣmyācā
plural subject
अनेकवचनी कर्ता 		चष्म्यांचा
caṣmyānċā 		चष्म्यांचे
caṣmyānċe 		चष्म्यांची
caṣmyāñcī 		चष्म्यांच्या
caṣmyāncā 		चष्म्यांचे, चष्म्यांचं
caṣmyānċe, caṣmyānċa 		चष्म्यांची
caṣmyāñcī 		चष्म्यांच्या
caṣmyāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a).
Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References

  • Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “चष्मा”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
  • Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “चश्मा”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
  • दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण (1932-1950) “चश्मा”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे : महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).
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