ताल

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See also: ताड़, ताड, and तालक

Hindi

Pronunciation

  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /t̪ɑːl/,

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Sanskrit ताल (tāla).

Noun

ताल • (tāl) m (Urdu spelling تال)

  1. (music) rhythm, beat, tune
  2. palm tree
    Synonym: ताड़ (tāṛ)
  3. the palm of the hand
    Synonym: हथेली (hathelī)
  4. the clapping of palms
    Synonym: ताली (tālī)
  5. (wrestling) slapping the hands on the arms in defiance
Declension
Declension of ताल (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct ताल
tāl 		ताल
tāl
oblique ताल
tāl 		तालों
tālõ
vocative ताल
tāl 		तालो
tālo
Descendants
  • → Pashto: تال (“beating time in music by striking or slapping the fingers or hands together”)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Sanskrit तलक (talaka).

Noun

ताल • (tāl) m (Urdu spelling تال)

  1. pond, puddle
Declension
Declension of ताल (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct ताल
tāl 		ताल
tāl
oblique ताल
tāl 		तालों
tālõ
vocative ताल
tāl 		तालो
tālo

References

  • Platts, John T. (1884) “ताल”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

Nepali

Pronunciation

Noun

ताल • (tāl)

  1. lake
  2. (music) rhythm, beat, tune

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

Noun

ताल m

  1. Devanagari script form of tāla (“palmyra palm”)

Declension

Declension table of "ताल" (masculine)
Case \ NumberSingularPlural
Nominative (first)तालो (tālo)ताला (tālā)
Accusative (second)तालं (tālaṃ)ताले (tāle)
Instrumental (third)तालेन (tālena)तालेहि (tālehi) or तालेभि (tālebhi)
Dative (fourth)तालस्स (tālassa) or तालाय (tālāya) or तालत्थं (tālatthaṃ)तालानं (tālānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)तालस्मा (tālasmā) or तालम्हा (tālamhā) or ताला (tālā)तालेहि (tālehi) or तालेभि (tālebhi)
Genitive (sixth)तालस्स (tālassa)तालानं (tālānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)तालस्मिं (tālasmiṃ) or तालम्हि (tālamhi) or ताले (tāle)तालेसु (tālesu)
Vocative (calling)ताल (tāla)ताला (tālā)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Dravidian; ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *tāẓ. Compare Kannada ತಾಳೆ (tāḷe, “palmyra or toddy palm”), Telugu తాటి (tāṭi, “of or pertaining to the palmyra tree”).

Noun

ताल • (tāla) stem, m

  1. the palm tree, palmyra tree, or fan palm (Borassus flabelliformis, producing a sort of spirituous liquor)
  2. the nut of fan palm
  3. toddy
  4. a fragrant earth
Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of ताल
singular dual plural
nominative तालः (tālaḥ) तालौ (tālau)
ताला¹ (tālā¹) 		तालाः (tālāḥ)
तालासः¹ (tālāsaḥ¹)
vocative ताल (tāla) तालौ (tālau)
ताला¹ (tālā¹) 		तालाः (tālāḥ)
तालासः¹ (tālāsaḥ¹)
accusative तालम् (tālam) तालौ (tālau)
ताला¹ (tālā¹) 		तालान् (tālān)
instrumental तालेन (tālena) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालैः (tālaiḥ)
तालेभिः¹ (tālebhiḥ¹)
dative तालाय (tālāya) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालेभ्यः (tālebhyaḥ)
ablative तालात् (tālāt) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालेभ्यः (tālebhyaḥ)
genitive तालस्य (tālasya) तालयोः (tālayoḥ) तालानाम् (tālānām)
locative ताले (tāle) तालयोः (tālayoḥ) तालेषु (tāleṣu)
  • ¹Vedic

Adjective

ताल • (tāla) stem

  1. made of palmyra wood
Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of ताल
singular dual plural
nominative तालः (tālaḥ) तालौ (tālau)
ताला¹ (tālā¹) 		तालाः (tālāḥ)
तालासः¹ (tālāsaḥ¹)
vocative ताल (tāla) तालौ (tālau)
ताला¹ (tālā¹) 		तालाः (tālāḥ)
तालासः¹ (tālāsaḥ¹)
accusative तालम् (tālam) तालौ (tālau)
ताला¹ (tālā¹) 		तालान् (tālān)
instrumental तालेन (tālena) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालैः (tālaiḥ)
तालेभिः¹ (tālebhiḥ¹)
dative तालाय (tālāya) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालेभ्यः (tālebhyaḥ)
ablative तालात् (tālāt) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालेभ्यः (tālebhyaḥ)
genitive तालस्य (tālasya) तालयोः (tālayoḥ) तालानाम् (tālānām)
locative ताले (tāle) तालयोः (tālayoḥ) तालेषु (tāleṣu)
  • ¹Vedic
Feminine ī-stem declension of ताली
singular dual plural
nominative ताली (tālī) ताल्यौ (tālyau)
ताली¹ (tālī¹) 		ताल्यः (tālyaḥ)
तालीः¹ (tālīḥ¹)
vocative तालि (tāli) ताल्यौ (tālyau)
ताली¹ (tālī¹) 		ताल्यः (tālyaḥ)
तालीः¹ (tālīḥ¹)
accusative तालीम् (tālīm) ताल्यौ (tālyau)
ताली¹ (tālī¹) 		तालीः (tālīḥ)
instrumental ताल्या (tālyā) तालीभ्याम् (tālībhyām) तालीभिः (tālībhiḥ)
dative ताल्यै (tālyai) तालीभ्याम् (tālībhyām) तालीभ्यः (tālībhyaḥ)
ablative ताल्याः (tālyāḥ)
ताल्यै² (tālyai²) 		तालीभ्याम् (tālībhyām) तालीभ्यः (tālībhyaḥ)
genitive ताल्याः (tālyāḥ)
ताल्यै² (tālyai²) 		ताल्योः (tālyoḥ) तालीनाम् (tālīnām)
locative ताल्याम् (tālyām) ताल्योः (tālyoḥ) तालीषु (tālīṣu)
  • ¹Vedic
  • ²Brāhmaṇas
Neuter a-stem declension of ताल
singular dual plural
nominative तालम् (tālam) ताले (tāle) तालानि (tālāni)
ताला¹ (tālā¹)
vocative ताल (tāla) ताले (tāle) तालानि (tālāni)
ताला¹ (tālā¹)
accusative तालम् (tālam) ताले (tāle) तालानि (tālāni)
ताला¹ (tālā¹)
instrumental तालेन (tālena) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालैः (tālaiḥ)
तालेभिः¹ (tālebhiḥ¹)
dative तालाय (tālāya) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालेभ्यः (tālebhyaḥ)
ablative तालात् (tālāt) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालेभ्यः (tālebhyaḥ)
genitive तालस्य (tālasya) तालयोः (tālayoḥ) तालानाम् (tālānām)
locative ताले (tāle) तालयोः (tālayoḥ) तालेषु (tāleṣu)
  • ¹Vedic
Descendants

Etymology 2

Probably from Dravidian; compare Tamil தார் (tār, “garland, chain”). Alternatively, related to ताड (tāḍa) (like Etymology 3).

Noun

ताल • (tāla) stem, n

  1. a lock, bolt
  2. a goldsmith
  3. the throne of Durga
Declension
Neuter a-stem declension of ताल
singular dual plural
nominative तालम् (tālam) ताले (tāle) तालानि (tālāni)
ताला¹ (tālā¹)
vocative ताल (tāla) ताले (tāle) तालानि (tālāni)
ताला¹ (tālā¹)
accusative तालम् (tālam) ताले (tāle) तालानि (tālāni)
ताला¹ (tālā¹)
instrumental तालेन (tālena) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालैः (tālaiḥ)
तालेभिः¹ (tālebhiḥ¹)
dative तालाय (tālāya) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालेभ्यः (tālebhyaḥ)
ablative तालात् (tālāt) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालेभ्यः (tālebhyaḥ)
genitive तालस्य (tālasya) तालयोः (tālayoḥ) तालानाम् (tālānām)
locative ताले (tāle) तालयोः (tālayoḥ) तालेषु (tāleṣu)
  • ¹Vedic

Etymology 3

Related to ताड (tāḍa, “a blow; noise”).

Noun

ताल • (tāla) stem, m

  1. slapping the hands together or against one's arm; clapping
  2. the flapping of elephant’s ears
  3. a type of dance
  4. a cymbal
Declension
Neuter a-stem declension of ताल
singular dual plural
nominative तालम् (tālam) ताले (tāle) तालानि (tālāni)
ताला¹ (tālā¹)
vocative ताल (tāla) ताले (tāle) तालानि (tālāni)
ताला¹ (tālā¹)
accusative तालम् (tālam) ताले (tāle) तालानि (tālāni)
ताला¹ (tālā¹)
instrumental तालेन (tālena) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालैः (tālaiḥ)
तालेभिः¹ (tālebhiḥ¹)
dative तालाय (tālāya) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालेभ्यः (tālebhyaḥ)
ablative तालात् (tālāt) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालेभ्यः (tālebhyaḥ)
genitive तालस्य (tālasya) तालयोः (tālayoḥ) तालानाम् (tālānām)
locative ताले (tāle) तालयोः (tālayoḥ) तालेषु (tāleṣu)
  • ¹Vedic
Descendants

Etymology 4

Probably related to Etymology 3.

Noun

ताल • (tāla) stem, m

  1. musical time or measure
  2. (prosody) a trochee
  3. a span measured by the thumb and the middle finger
  4. a metre of 4 x 4 long syllables
Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of ताल
singular dual plural
nominative तालः (tālaḥ) तालौ (tālau)
ताला¹ (tālā¹) 		तालाः (tālāḥ)
तालासः¹ (tālāsaḥ¹)
vocative ताल (tāla) तालौ (tālau)
ताला¹ (tālā¹) 		तालाः (tālāḥ)
तालासः¹ (tālāsaḥ¹)
accusative तालम् (tālam) तालौ (tālau)
ताला¹ (tālā¹) 		तालान् (tālān)
instrumental तालेन (tālena) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालैः (tālaiḥ)
तालेभिः¹ (tālebhiḥ¹)
dative तालाय (tālāya) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालेभ्यः (tālebhyaḥ)
ablative तालात् (tālāt) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालेभ्यः (tālebhyaḥ)
genitive तालस्य (tālasya) तालयोः (tālayoḥ) तालानाम् (tālānām)
locative ताले (tāle) तालयोः (tālayoḥ) तालेषु (tāleṣu)
  • ¹Vedic

Etymology 5

Vṛddhi derivative of तल (tala, “bottom”).

Noun

ताल • (tāla) stem, m

  1. the palm of one’s hand
  2. the hilt of a sword
Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of ताल
singular dual plural
nominative तालः (tālaḥ) तालौ (tālau)
ताला¹ (tālā¹) 		तालाः (tālāḥ)
तालासः¹ (tālāsaḥ¹)
vocative ताल (tāla) तालौ (tālau)
ताला¹ (tālā¹) 		तालाः (tālāḥ)
तालासः¹ (tālāsaḥ¹)
accusative तालम् (tālam) तालौ (tālau)
ताला¹ (tālā¹) 		तालान् (tālān)
instrumental तालेन (tālena) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालैः (tālaiḥ)
तालेभिः¹ (tālebhiḥ¹)
dative तालाय (tālāya) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालेभ्यः (tālebhyaḥ)
ablative तालात् (tālāt) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालेभ्यः (tālebhyaḥ)
genitive तालस्य (tālasya) तालयोः (tālayoḥ) तालानाम् (tālānām)
locative ताले (tāle) तालयोः (tālayoḥ) तालेषु (tāleṣu)
  • ¹Vedic

Etymology 6

From ताली (tālī, “a type of ornament”), of Dravidian origin; compare Tamil தாலி (tāli, “neck ornament”), Telugu తాళి (tāḷi, “neck gold”).

Noun

ताल • (tāla) stem, m or n

  1. an orpiment
Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of ताल
singular dual plural
nominative तालः (tālaḥ) तालौ (tālau)
ताला¹ (tālā¹) 		तालाः (tālāḥ)
तालासः¹ (tālāsaḥ¹)
vocative ताल (tāla) तालौ (tālau)
ताला¹ (tālā¹) 		तालाः (tālāḥ)
तालासः¹ (tālāsaḥ¹)
accusative तालम् (tālam) तालौ (tālau)
ताला¹ (tālā¹) 		तालान् (tālān)
instrumental तालेन (tālena) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालैः (tālaiḥ)
तालेभिः¹ (tālebhiḥ¹)
dative तालाय (tālāya) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालेभ्यः (tālebhyaḥ)
ablative तालात् (tālāt) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालेभ्यः (tālebhyaḥ)
genitive तालस्य (tālasya) तालयोः (tālayoḥ) तालानाम् (tālānām)
locative ताले (tāle) तालयोः (tālayoḥ) तालेषु (tāleṣu)
  • ¹Vedic
Neuter a-stem declension of ताल
singular dual plural
nominative तालम् (tālam) ताले (tāle) तालानि (tālāni)
ताला¹ (tālā¹)
vocative ताल (tāla) ताले (tāle) तालानि (tālāni)
ताला¹ (tālā¹)
accusative तालम् (tālam) ताले (tāle) तालानि (tālāni)
ताला¹ (tālā¹)
instrumental तालेन (tālena) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालैः (tālaiḥ)
तालेभिः¹ (tālebhiḥ¹)
dative तालाय (tālāya) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालेभ्यः (tālebhyaḥ)
ablative तालात् (tālāt) तालाभ्याम् (tālābhyām) तालेभ्यः (tālebhyaḥ)
genitive तालस्य (tālasya) तालयोः (tālayoḥ) तालानाम् (tālānām)
locative ताले (tāle) तालयोः (tālayoḥ) तालेषु (tāleṣu)
  • ¹Vedic

References

  • Monier Williams (1899) “ताल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 444-445.
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 242-243
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 498
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