पाश

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Hindi

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian پاشیدن (pāšīdan).

Adjective

पाश (pāś) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling پاش)

  1. (chiefly in compounds) scattered, broken into pieces

Etymology 2

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit पाश (pā́śa). Doublet of फाँस (phā̃s).

Noun

पाश (pāśm (Urdu spelling پاش)

  1. noose
  2. net, snare, clutches
Declension

Further reading

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *paHćás, from Proto-Indo-European *poh₂ḱ-ó-s, from *peh₂ḱ- (to join, tie, fasten). Cognate with Middle Persian pštk' (paštag, bond), Parthian (pštg, bound, fettered), Avestan 𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀-𐬞𐬀𐬱𐬁𐬝 (auua-pašāt̰, 3rd person singular subjunctive), Proto-Germanic *fōgijaną (to join together).

Pronunciation

Noun

पाश (pā́śa) stemm

  1. a noose, cord, bond, chain or a fetter; a snare, trap (literally and figuratively)
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 7.88.7:
      ध्रुवासु त्वासु क्षितिषु क्षियन्तो व्य् अस्मत् पाशं वरुणो मुमोचत् ।
      अवो वन्वाना अदितेर् उपस्थाद् यूयं पात स्वस्तिभिः सदा नः ॥
      dhruvāsu tvāsu kṣitiṣu kṣiyanto vy asmat pāśaṃ varuṇo mumocat.
      avo vanvānā aditer upasthād yūyaṃ pāta svastibhiḥ sadā naḥ.
      While we abide in these fixed habitations, and from the lap of Aditi win favour,
      May Varuṇa untie the bond that binds us. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.
    1. (especially) the noose carried by Shiva, Yama or Varuna
  2. anything that binds or fetters the soul; the outer world, nature
  3. selvage, edge, border (of anything woven)
Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of पाश (pā́śa)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative पाशः
pā́śaḥ
पाशौ / पाशा¹
pā́śau / pā́śā¹
पाशाः / पाशासः¹
pā́śāḥ / pā́śāsaḥ¹
Vocative पाश
pā́śa
पाशौ / पाशा¹
pā́śau / pā́śā¹
पाशाः / पाशासः¹
pā́śāḥ / pā́śāsaḥ¹
Accusative पाशम्
pā́śam
पाशौ / पाशा¹
pā́śau / pā́śā¹
पाशान्
pā́śān
Instrumental पाशेन
pā́śena
पाशाभ्याम्
pā́śābhyām
पाशैः / पाशेभिः¹
pā́śaiḥ / pā́śebhiḥ¹
Dative पाशाय
pā́śāya
पाशाभ्याम्
pā́śābhyām
पाशेभ्यः
pā́śebhyaḥ
Ablative पाशात्
pā́śāt
पाशाभ्याम्
pā́śābhyām
पाशेभ्यः
pā́śebhyaḥ
Genitive पाशस्य
pā́śasya
पाशयोः
pā́śayoḥ
पाशानाम्
pā́śānām
Locative पाशे
pā́śe
पाशयोः
pā́śayoḥ
पाशेषु
pā́śeṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
Descendants
  • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀧𑀸𑀲 (pāsa)
  • Pali: pāsa
  • Tamil: பாசம் (pācam)

Etymology 2

Sanskritized from Prakrit 𑀧𑀸𑀲 (pāsa, dice), from Sanskrit प्रास (prāsa, throwing, casting); related to प्रास्यति (prāsyati, to throw, cast; to lay a wager).

Pronunciation

Noun

पाश (pāśa) stemm

  1. a die, dice
    Synonym: प्रास (prāsa)
Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of पाश (pāśa)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative पाशः
pāśaḥ
पाशौ / पाशा¹
pāśau / pāśā¹
पाशाः / पाशासः¹
pāśāḥ / pāśāsaḥ¹
Vocative पाश
pāśa
पाशौ / पाशा¹
pāśau / pāśā¹
पाशाः / पाशासः¹
pāśāḥ / pāśāsaḥ¹
Accusative पाशम्
pāśam
पाशौ / पाशा¹
pāśau / pāśā¹
पाशान्
pāśān
Instrumental पाशेन
pāśena
पाशाभ्याम्
pāśābhyām
पाशैः / पाशेभिः¹
pāśaiḥ / pāśebhiḥ¹
Dative पाशाय
pāśāya
पाशाभ्याम्
pāśābhyām
पाशेभ्यः
pāśebhyaḥ
Ablative पाशात्
pāśāt
पाशाभ्याम्
pāśābhyām
पाशेभ्यः
pāśebhyaḥ
Genitive पाशस्य
pāśasya
पाशयोः
pāśayoḥ
पाशानाम्
pāśānām
Locative पाशे
pāśe
पाशयोः
pāśayoḥ
पाशेषु
pāśeṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Further reading

  • Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “pāśa”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
  • Monier Williams (1899) “पाश”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 623.
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “pāśa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “pā́śa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
  • Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*pas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 299
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “pā́śa-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 125