प्राकृत
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See also: प्रकृति
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit प्राकृत (prākṛta).
Pronunciation
Proper noun
प्राकृत • (prākŕt) f (Urdu spelling پْرَاکْرَت)
- Prakrit (Middle Indo-Aryan, as opposed to Old Indo-Aryan Sanskrit and late MIA Apabhramsha)
Declension
Declension of प्राकृत (fem cons-stem)
Related terms
Adjective
प्राकृत • (prākŕt) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling پْرَاکْرَت) (literary, rare)
- original, natural
- without any refinement; artless, normal, ordinary, usual
- material, physical
- low, vulgar, unrefined, illiterate
- provincial, vernacular
Further reading
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “प्राकृत”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “प्राकृत”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi : Nagari Pracarini Sabha
- Platts, John T. (1884) “प्राकृत”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- “प्राकृत”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary , Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
Marathi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit प्राकृत (prākṛta). First attested as Old Marathi प्राकृत (prākṛta).
Pronunciation
Adjective
प्राकृत • (prākrut)
Proper noun
प्राकृत • (prākrut) n
Further reading
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “प्राकृत”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
- दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण (1932-1950) “प्राकृत”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे : महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).
Old Marathi
Adjective
प्राकृत (prākṛta)
- Devanagari script form of 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘰𑘎𑘵𑘝 (“unrefined, rough, ordinary, low, vulgar”)
Noun
प्राकृत (prākṛta) m
- Devanagari script form of 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘰𑘎𑘵𑘝 (“common man”)
Proper noun
प्राकृत (prākṛta) n
- Devanagari script form of 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘰𑘎𑘵𑘝
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- প্ৰাকৃত (Assamese script)
- ᬧ᭄ᬭᬵᬓᬺᬢ (Balinese script)
- প্রাকৃত (Bengali script)
- 𑰢𑰿𑰨𑰯𑰎𑰴𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀸𑀓𑀾𑀢 (Brahmi script)
- ပြာကၖတ (Burmese script)
- પ્રાકૃત (Gujarati script)
- ਪ੍ਰਾਕ੍ਰਤ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌪𑍍𑌰𑌾𑌕𑍃𑌤 (Grantha script)
- ꦥꦿꦴꦏꦽꦠ (Javanese script)
- 𑂣𑂹𑂩𑂰𑂍𑃂𑂞 (Kaithi script)
- ಪ್ರಾಕೃತ (Kannada script)
- ប្រាក្ឫត (Khmer script)
- ປ຺ຣາກ຺ຣິຕ (Lao script)
- പ്രാകൃത (Malayalam script)
- ᢒᡵᠠ᠊ᠠᡬᡵᡳᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘰𑘎𑘵𑘝 (Modi script)
- ᢒᠷᠠᢗᢉᠷᠢᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧂𑧠𑧈𑧑𑦮𑧖𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐎𑐺𑐟 (Newa script)
- ପ୍ରାକୃତ (Odia script)
- ꢦ꣄ꢬꢵꢒꢺꢡ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆥𑇀𑆫𑆳𑆑𑆸𑆠 (Sharada script)
- 𑖢𑖿𑖨𑖯𑖎𑖴𑖝 (Siddham script)
- ප්රාකෘත (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩰 𑪙𑩼𑩛𑩜𑩙𑩫 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚞𑚶𑚤𑚭𑚊𑚙 (Takri script)
- ப்ராக்ரித (Tamil script)
- ప్రాకృత (Telugu script)
- ปฺรากฺฤต (Thai script)
- པྲཱ་ཀྲྀ་ཏ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒰𑒏𑒵𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨞𑩇𑨫𑨊𑨋𑨼𑨉𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Vṛddhi derivative of प्रकृति (prakṛti).
Pronunciation
Adjective
प्राकृत • (prākṛta) stem
- original, natural
- without any refinement; artless, normal, ordinary, usual
- material, physical
- low, vulgar, unrefined, illiterate
- provincial, vernacular
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | प्राकृतः (prākṛtaḥ) | प्राकृतौ (prākṛtau) प्राकृता¹ (prākṛtā¹) |
प्राकृताः (prākṛtāḥ) प्राकृतासः¹ (prākṛtāsaḥ¹) |
| vocative | प्राकृत (prākṛta) | प्राकृतौ (prākṛtau) प्राकृता¹ (prākṛtā¹) |
प्राकृताः (prākṛtāḥ) प्राकृतासः¹ (prākṛtāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | प्राकृतम् (prākṛtam) | प्राकृतौ (prākṛtau) प्राकृता¹ (prākṛtā¹) |
प्राकृतान् (prākṛtān) |
| instrumental | प्राकृतेन (prākṛtena) | प्राकृताभ्याम् (prākṛtābhyām) | प्राकृतैः (prākṛtaiḥ) प्राकृतेभिः¹ (prākṛtebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | प्राकृताय (prākṛtāya) | प्राकृताभ्याम् (prākṛtābhyām) | प्राकृतेभ्यः (prākṛtebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | प्राकृतात् (prākṛtāt) | प्राकृताभ्याम् (prākṛtābhyām) | प्राकृतेभ्यः (prākṛtebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | प्राकृतस्य (prākṛtasya) | प्राकृतयोः (prākṛtayoḥ) | प्राकृतानाम् (prākṛtānām) |
| locative | प्राकृते (prākṛte) | प्राकृतयोः (prākṛtayoḥ) | प्राकृतेषु (prākṛteṣu) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | प्राकृता (prākṛtā) | प्राकृते (prākṛte) | प्राकृताः (prākṛtāḥ) |
| vocative | प्राकृते (prākṛte) | प्राकृते (prākṛte) | प्राकृताः (prākṛtāḥ) |
| accusative | प्राकृताम् (prākṛtām) | प्राकृते (prākṛte) | प्राकृताः (prākṛtāḥ) |
| instrumental | प्राकृतया (prākṛtayā) प्राकृता¹ (prākṛtā¹) |
प्राकृताभ्याम् (prākṛtābhyām) | प्राकृताभिः (prākṛtābhiḥ) |
| dative | प्राकृतायै (prākṛtāyai) | प्राकृताभ्याम् (prākṛtābhyām) | प्राकृताभ्यः (prākṛtābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | प्राकृतायाः (prākṛtāyāḥ) प्राकृतायै² (prākṛtāyai²) |
प्राकृताभ्याम् (prākṛtābhyām) | प्राकृताभ्यः (prākṛtābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | प्राकृतायाः (prākṛtāyāḥ) प्राकृतायै² (prākṛtāyai²) |
प्राकृतयोः (prākṛtayoḥ) | प्राकृतानाम् (prākṛtānām) |
| locative | प्राकृतायाम् (prākṛtāyām) | प्राकृतयोः (prākṛtayoḥ) | प्राकृतासु (prākṛtāsu) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | प्राकृती (prākṛtī) | प्राकृत्यौ (prākṛtyau) प्राकृती¹ (prākṛtī¹) |
प्राकृत्यः (prākṛtyaḥ) प्राकृतीः¹ (prākṛtīḥ¹) |
| vocative | प्राकृति (prākṛti) | प्राकृत्यौ (prākṛtyau) प्राकृती¹ (prākṛtī¹) |
प्राकृत्यः (prākṛtyaḥ) प्राकृतीः¹ (prākṛtīḥ¹) |
| accusative | प्राकृतीम् (prākṛtīm) | प्राकृत्यौ (prākṛtyau) प्राकृती¹ (prākṛtī¹) |
प्राकृतीः (prākṛtīḥ) |
| instrumental | प्राकृत्या (prākṛtyā) | प्राकृतीभ्याम् (prākṛtībhyām) | प्राकृतीभिः (prākṛtībhiḥ) |
| dative | प्राकृत्यै (prākṛtyai) | प्राकृतीभ्याम् (prākṛtībhyām) | प्राकृतीभ्यः (prākṛtībhyaḥ) |
| ablative | प्राकृत्याः (prākṛtyāḥ) प्राकृत्यै² (prākṛtyai²) |
प्राकृतीभ्याम् (prākṛtībhyām) | प्राकृतीभ्यः (prākṛtībhyaḥ) |
| genitive | प्राकृत्याः (prākṛtyāḥ) प्राकृत्यै² (prākṛtyai²) |
प्राकृत्योः (prākṛtyoḥ) | प्राकृतीनाम् (prākṛtīnām) |
| locative | प्राकृत्याम् (prākṛtyām) | प्राकृत्योः (prākṛtyoḥ) | प्राकृतीषु (prākṛtīṣu) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | प्राकृतम् (prākṛtam) | प्राकृते (prākṛte) | प्राकृतानि (prākṛtāni) प्राकृता¹ (prākṛtā¹) |
| vocative | प्राकृत (prākṛta) | प्राकृते (prākṛte) | प्राकृतानि (prākṛtāni) प्राकृता¹ (prākṛtā¹) |
| accusative | प्राकृतम् (prākṛtam) | प्राकृते (prākṛte) | प्राकृतानि (prākṛtāni) प्राकृता¹ (prākṛtā¹) |
| instrumental | प्राकृतेन (prākṛtena) | प्राकृताभ्याम् (prākṛtābhyām) | प्राकृतैः (prākṛtaiḥ) प्राकृतेभिः¹ (prākṛtebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | प्राकृताय (prākṛtāya) | प्राकृताभ्याम् (prākṛtābhyām) | प्राकृतेभ्यः (prākṛtebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | प्राकृतात् (prākṛtāt) | प्राकृताभ्याम् (prākṛtābhyām) | प्राकृतेभ्यः (prākṛtebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | प्राकृतस्य (prākṛtasya) | प्राकृतयोः (prākṛtayoḥ) | प्राकृतानाम् (prākṛtānām) |
| locative | प्राकृते (prākṛte) | प्राकृतयोः (prākṛtayoḥ) | प्राकृतेषु (prākṛteṣu) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
प्राकृत • (prākṛta) stem, m
- an ordinary, common, low or vulgar man
- c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 10.56.22:
- स वै भगवता तेन युयुधे स्वामिनात्मनः।
पुरुषं प्राकृतं मत्वा कुपितो नानुभाववित्॥- sa vai bhagavatā tena yuyudhe svāminātmanaḥ.
puruṣaṃ prākṛtaṃ matvā kupito nānubhāvavit. - Unaware of his true position and thinking his an ordinary man, Jāmbavat angrily began fighting with the Supreme Lord, his master
- sa vai bhagavatā tena yuyudhe svāminātmanaḥ.
- स वै भगवता तेन युयुधे स्वामिनात्मनः।
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | प्राकृतः (prākṛtaḥ) | प्राकृतौ (prākṛtau) प्राकृता¹ (prākṛtā¹) |
प्राकृताः (prākṛtāḥ) प्राकृतासः¹ (prākṛtāsaḥ¹) |
| vocative | प्राकृत (prākṛta) | प्राकृतौ (prākṛtau) प्राकृता¹ (prākṛtā¹) |
प्राकृताः (prākṛtāḥ) प्राकृतासः¹ (prākṛtāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | प्राकृतम् (prākṛtam) | प्राकृतौ (prākṛtau) प्राकृता¹ (prākṛtā¹) |
प्राकृतान् (prākṛtān) |
| instrumental | प्राकृतेन (prākṛtena) | प्राकृताभ्याम् (prākṛtābhyām) | प्राकृतैः (prākṛtaiḥ) प्राकृतेभिः¹ (prākṛtebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | प्राकृताय (prākṛtāya) | प्राकृताभ्याम् (prākṛtābhyām) | प्राकृतेभ्यः (prākṛtebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | प्राकृतात् (prākṛtāt) | प्राकृताभ्याम् (prākṛtābhyām) | प्राकृतेभ्यः (prākṛtebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | प्राकृतस्य (prākṛtasya) | प्राकृतयोः (prākṛtayoḥ) | प्राकृतानाम् (prākṛtānām) |
| locative | प्राकृते (prākṛte) | प्राकृतयोः (prākṛtayoḥ) | प्राकृतेषु (prākṛteṣu) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
प्राकृत • (prākṛta) stem, n
- (linguistics) a provincial or vernacular dialect
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | प्राकृतम् (prākṛtam) | प्राकृते (prākṛte) | प्राकृतानि (prākṛtāni) प्राकृता¹ (prākṛtā¹) |
| vocative | प्राकृत (prākṛta) | प्राकृते (prākṛte) | प्राकृतानि (prākṛtāni) प्राकृता¹ (prākṛtā¹) |
| accusative | प्राकृतम् (prākṛtam) | प्राकृते (prākṛte) | प्राकृतानि (prākṛtāni) प्राकृता¹ (prākṛtā¹) |
| instrumental | प्राकृतेन (prākṛtena) | प्राकृताभ्याम् (prākṛtābhyām) | प्राकृतैः (prākṛtaiḥ) प्राकृतेभिः¹ (prākṛtebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | प्राकृताय (prākṛtāya) | प्राकृताभ्याम् (prākṛtābhyām) | प्राकृतेभ्यः (prākṛtebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | प्राकृतात् (prākṛtāt) | प्राकृताभ्याम् (prākṛtābhyām) | प्राकृतेभ्यः (prākṛtebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | प्राकृतस्य (prākṛtasya) | प्राकृतयोः (prākṛtayoḥ) | प्राकृतानाम् (prākṛtānām) |
| locative | प्राकृते (prākṛte) | प्राकृतयोः (prākṛtayoḥ) | प्राकृतेषु (prākṛteṣu) |
- ¹Vedic
Proper noun
प्राकृत • (prākṛta) stem, n
- Prakrit (Middle-Indo-Aryan languages)
- any one of those languages
- collective term for the Prakrits
Descendants
Terms borrowed from प्राकृत (prākṛta)
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899) “प्राकृत”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 703.
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “prākṛta”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “प्राकृत”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “प्राकृत”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press