प्राकृत
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See also: प्रकृति
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit प्राकृत (prākṛta).
Pronunciation
Proper noun
प्राकृत • (prākŕt) f (Urdu spelling پْرَاکْرَت)
- Prakrit (Middle Indo-Aryan, as opposed to Old Indo-Aryan Sanskrit and late MIA Apabhramsha)
Declension
Declension of प्राकृत (fem cons-stem)
Related terms
Adjective
प्राकृत • (prākŕt) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling پْرَاکْرَت) (literary, rare)
- original, natural
- without any refinement; artless, normal, ordinary, usual
- material, physical
- low, vulgar, unrefined, illiterate
- provincial, vernacular
Further reading
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “प्राकृत”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “प्राकृत”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi : Nagari Pracarini Sabha
- Platts, John T. (1884) “प्राकृत”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- “प्राकृत”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary , Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
Marathi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit प्राकृत (prākṛta). First attested as Old Marathi प्राकृत (prākṛta).
Pronunciation
Adjective
प्राकृत • (prākŕt)
Proper noun
प्राकृत • (prākŕt) n
Further reading
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “प्राकृत”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
- दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण (1932-1950) “प्राकृत”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे : महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).
Old Marathi
Adjective
प्राकृत (prākṛta)
- Devanagari script form of 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘰𑘎𑘵𑘝 (“unrefined, rough, ordinary, low, vulgar”)
Noun
प्राकृत (prākṛta) m
- Devanagari script form of 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘰𑘎𑘵𑘝 (“common man”)
Proper noun
प्राकृत (prākṛta) n
- Devanagari script form of 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘰𑘎𑘵𑘝
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- প্ৰাকৃত (Assamese script)
- ᬧ᭄ᬭᬵᬓᬺᬢ (Balinese script)
- প্রাকৃত (Bengali script)
- 𑰢𑰿𑰨𑰯𑰎𑰴𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀸𑀓𑀾𑀢 (Brahmi script)
- ပြာကၖတ (Burmese script)
- પ્રાકૃત (Gujarati script)
- ਪ੍ਰਾਕ੍ਰਤ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌪𑍍𑌰𑌾𑌕𑍃𑌤 (Grantha script)
- ꦥꦿꦴꦏꦽꦠ (Javanese script)
- 𑂣𑂹𑂩𑂰𑂍𑃂𑂞 (Kaithi script)
- ಪ್ರಾಕೃತ (Kannada script)
- ប្រាក្ឫត (Khmer script)
- ປ຺ຣາກ຺ຣິຕ (Lao script)
- പ്രാകൃത (Malayalam script)
- ᢒᡵᠠ᠊ᠠᡬᡵᡳᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘰𑘎𑘵𑘝 (Modi script)
- ᢒᠷᠠᢗᢉᠷᠢᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧂𑧠𑧈𑧑𑦮𑧖𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐎𑐺𑐟 (Newa script)
- ପ୍ରାକୃତ (Odia script)
- ꢦ꣄ꢬꢵꢒꢺꢡ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆥𑇀𑆫𑆳𑆑𑆸𑆠 (Sharada script)
- 𑖢𑖿𑖨𑖯𑖎𑖴𑖝 (Siddham script)
- ප්රාකෘත (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩰 𑪙𑩼𑩛𑩜𑩙𑩫 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚞𑚶𑚤𑚭𑚊𑚙 (Takri script)
- ப்ராக்ரித (Tamil script)
- ప్రాకృత (Telugu script)
- ปฺรากฺฤต (Thai script)
- པྲཱ་ཀྲྀ་ཏ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒰𑒏𑒵𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨞𑩇𑨫𑨊𑨋𑨼𑨉𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Vṛddhi derivative of प्रकृति (prakṛti).
Pronunciation
Adjective
प्राकृत • (prākṛta) stem
- original, natural
- without any refinement; artless, normal, ordinary, usual
- material, physical
- low, vulgar, unrefined, illiterate
- provincial, vernacular
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of प्राकृत (prākṛta) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | प्राकृतः prākṛtaḥ |
प्राकृतौ / प्राकृता¹ prākṛtau / prākṛtā¹ |
प्राकृताः / प्राकृतासः¹ prākṛtāḥ / prākṛtāsaḥ¹ |
| Vocative | प्राकृत prākṛta |
प्राकृतौ / प्राकृता¹ prākṛtau / prākṛtā¹ |
प्राकृताः / प्राकृतासः¹ prākṛtāḥ / prākṛtāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | प्राकृतम् prākṛtam |
प्राकृतौ / प्राकृता¹ prākṛtau / prākṛtā¹ |
प्राकृतान् prākṛtān |
| Instrumental | प्राकृतेन prākṛtena |
प्राकृताभ्याम् prākṛtābhyām |
प्राकृतैः / प्राकृतेभिः¹ prākṛtaiḥ / prākṛtebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | प्राकृताय prākṛtāya |
प्राकृताभ्याम् prākṛtābhyām |
प्राकृतेभ्यः prākṛtebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | प्राकृतात् prākṛtāt |
प्राकृताभ्याम् prākṛtābhyām |
प्राकृतेभ्यः prākṛtebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | प्राकृतस्य prākṛtasya |
प्राकृतयोः prākṛtayoḥ |
प्राकृतानाम् prākṛtānām |
| Locative | प्राकृते prākṛte |
प्राकृतयोः prākṛtayoḥ |
प्राकृतेषु prākṛteṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
| Feminine ā-stem declension of प्राकृता (prākṛtā) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | प्राकृता prākṛtā |
प्राकृते prākṛte |
प्राकृताः prākṛtāḥ |
| Vocative | प्राकृते prākṛte |
प्राकृते prākṛte |
प्राकृताः prākṛtāḥ |
| Accusative | प्राकृताम् prākṛtām |
प्राकृते prākṛte |
प्राकृताः prākṛtāḥ |
| Instrumental | प्राकृतया / प्राकृता¹ prākṛtayā / prākṛtā¹ |
प्राकृताभ्याम् prākṛtābhyām |
प्राकृताभिः prākṛtābhiḥ |
| Dative | प्राकृतायै prākṛtāyai |
प्राकृताभ्याम् prākṛtābhyām |
प्राकृताभ्यः prākṛtābhyaḥ |
| Ablative | प्राकृतायाः / प्राकृतायै² prākṛtāyāḥ / prākṛtāyai² |
प्राकृताभ्याम् prākṛtābhyām |
प्राकृताभ्यः prākṛtābhyaḥ |
| Genitive | प्राकृतायाः / प्राकृतायै² prākṛtāyāḥ / prākṛtāyai² |
प्राकृतयोः prākṛtayoḥ |
प्राकृतानाम् prākṛtānām |
| Locative | प्राकृतायाम् prākṛtāyām |
प्राकृतयोः prākṛtayoḥ |
प्राकृतासु prākṛtāsu |
| Notes |
| ||
| Feminine ī-stem declension of प्राकृती (prākṛtī) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | प्राकृती prākṛtī |
प्राकृत्यौ / प्राकृती¹ prākṛtyau / prākṛtī¹ |
प्राकृत्यः / प्राकृतीः¹ prākṛtyaḥ / prākṛtīḥ¹ |
| Vocative | प्राकृति prākṛti |
प्राकृत्यौ / प्राकृती¹ prākṛtyau / prākṛtī¹ |
प्राकृत्यः / प्राकृतीः¹ prākṛtyaḥ / prākṛtīḥ¹ |
| Accusative | प्राकृतीम् prākṛtīm |
प्राकृत्यौ / प्राकृती¹ prākṛtyau / prākṛtī¹ |
प्राकृतीः prākṛtīḥ |
| Instrumental | प्राकृत्या prākṛtyā |
प्राकृतीभ्याम् prākṛtībhyām |
प्राकृतीभिः prākṛtībhiḥ |
| Dative | प्राकृत्यै prākṛtyai |
प्राकृतीभ्याम् prākṛtībhyām |
प्राकृतीभ्यः prākṛtībhyaḥ |
| Ablative | प्राकृत्याः / प्राकृत्यै² prākṛtyāḥ / prākṛtyai² |
प्राकृतीभ्याम् prākṛtībhyām |
प्राकृतीभ्यः prākṛtībhyaḥ |
| Genitive | प्राकृत्याः / प्राकृत्यै² prākṛtyāḥ / prākṛtyai² |
प्राकृत्योः prākṛtyoḥ |
प्राकृतीनाम् prākṛtīnām |
| Locative | प्राकृत्याम् prākṛtyām |
प्राकृत्योः prākṛtyoḥ |
प्राकृतीषु prākṛtīṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
| Neuter a-stem declension of प्राकृत (prākṛta) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | प्राकृतम् prākṛtam |
प्राकृते prākṛte |
प्राकृतानि / प्राकृता¹ prākṛtāni / prākṛtā¹ |
| Vocative | प्राकृत prākṛta |
प्राकृते prākṛte |
प्राकृतानि / प्राकृता¹ prākṛtāni / prākṛtā¹ |
| Accusative | प्राकृतम् prākṛtam |
प्राकृते prākṛte |
प्राकृतानि / प्राकृता¹ prākṛtāni / prākṛtā¹ |
| Instrumental | प्राकृतेन prākṛtena |
प्राकृताभ्याम् prākṛtābhyām |
प्राकृतैः / प्राकृतेभिः¹ prākṛtaiḥ / prākṛtebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | प्राकृताय prākṛtāya |
प्राकृताभ्याम् prākṛtābhyām |
प्राकृतेभ्यः prākṛtebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | प्राकृतात् prākṛtāt |
प्राकृताभ्याम् prākṛtābhyām |
प्राकृतेभ्यः prākṛtebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | प्राकृतस्य prākṛtasya |
प्राकृतयोः prākṛtayoḥ |
प्राकृतानाम् prākṛtānām |
| Locative | प्राकृते prākṛte |
प्राकृतयोः prākṛtayoḥ |
प्राकृतेषु prākṛteṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Noun
प्राकृत • (prākṛta) stem, m
- an ordinary, common, low or vulgar man
- c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 10.56.22:
- स वै भगवता तेन युयुधे स्वामिनात्मनः।
पुरुषं प्राकृतं मत्वा कुपितो नानुभाववित्॥- sa vai bhagavatā tena yuyudhe svāminātmanaḥ.
puruṣaṃ prākṛtaṃ matvā kupito nānubhāvavit. - Unaware of his true position and thinking his an ordinary man, Jāmbavat angrily began fighting with the Supreme Lord, his master
- sa vai bhagavatā tena yuyudhe svāminātmanaḥ.
- स वै भगवता तेन युयुधे स्वामिनात्मनः।
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of प्राकृत (prākṛta) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | प्राकृतः prākṛtaḥ |
प्राकृतौ / प्राकृता¹ prākṛtau / prākṛtā¹ |
प्राकृताः / प्राकृतासः¹ prākṛtāḥ / prākṛtāsaḥ¹ |
| Vocative | प्राकृत prākṛta |
प्राकृतौ / प्राकृता¹ prākṛtau / prākṛtā¹ |
प्राकृताः / प्राकृतासः¹ prākṛtāḥ / prākṛtāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | प्राकृतम् prākṛtam |
प्राकृतौ / प्राकृता¹ prākṛtau / prākṛtā¹ |
प्राकृतान् prākṛtān |
| Instrumental | प्राकृतेन prākṛtena |
प्राकृताभ्याम् prākṛtābhyām |
प्राकृतैः / प्राकृतेभिः¹ prākṛtaiḥ / prākṛtebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | प्राकृताय prākṛtāya |
प्राकृताभ्याम् prākṛtābhyām |
प्राकृतेभ्यः prākṛtebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | प्राकृतात् prākṛtāt |
प्राकृताभ्याम् prākṛtābhyām |
प्राकृतेभ्यः prākṛtebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | प्राकृतस्य prākṛtasya |
प्राकृतयोः prākṛtayoḥ |
प्राकृतानाम् prākṛtānām |
| Locative | प्राकृते prākṛte |
प्राकृतयोः prākṛtayoḥ |
प्राकृतेषु prākṛteṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Noun
प्राकृत • (prākṛta) stem, n
- (linguistics) a provincial or vernacular dialect
Declension
| Neuter a-stem declension of प्राकृत (prākṛta) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | प्राकृतम् prākṛtam |
प्राकृते prākṛte |
प्राकृतानि / प्राकृता¹ prākṛtāni / prākṛtā¹ |
| Vocative | प्राकृत prākṛta |
प्राकृते prākṛte |
प्राकृतानि / प्राकृता¹ prākṛtāni / prākṛtā¹ |
| Accusative | प्राकृतम् prākṛtam |
प्राकृते prākṛte |
प्राकृतानि / प्राकृता¹ prākṛtāni / prākṛtā¹ |
| Instrumental | प्राकृतेन prākṛtena |
प्राकृताभ्याम् prākṛtābhyām |
प्राकृतैः / प्राकृतेभिः¹ prākṛtaiḥ / prākṛtebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | प्राकृताय prākṛtāya |
प्राकृताभ्याम् prākṛtābhyām |
प्राकृतेभ्यः prākṛtebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | प्राकृतात् prākṛtāt |
प्राकृताभ्याम् prākṛtābhyām |
प्राकृतेभ्यः prākṛtebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | प्राकृतस्य prākṛtasya |
प्राकृतयोः prākṛtayoḥ |
प्राकृतानाम् prākṛtānām |
| Locative | प्राकृते prākṛte |
प्राकृतयोः prākṛtayoḥ |
प्राकृतेषु prākṛteṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Proper noun
प्राकृत • (prākṛta) stem, n
- Prakrit (Middle-Indo-Aryan languages)
- any one of those languages
- collective term for the Prakrits
Descendants
Terms borrowed from प्राकृत (prākṛta)
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899) “प्राकृत”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 703.
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “prākṛta”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “प्राकृत”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “प्राकृत”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press